复杂产品设计中资源受限项目调度问题研究
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摘要
复杂产品设计过程时间漫长,过程复杂,资源需求量大。合理的资源调度方案对于缩短产品开发周期,降低开发成本有着重要意义,如何在资源受限的情况下进行合理的资源调度更是意义重大。
本文以汽车整车设计为例,以遗传算法和关键链理论为主线,通过研究遗传算法现状,进一步改进现有的遗传算法,形成新的自适应免疫混沌遗传算法,并在MATLAB7.0下编程仿真验证算法改进的有效性,通过改进的自适应免疫混沌遗传算法运算得到项目调配方案。同时进一步使用基于关键链思想的项目管理软件Adept Tracker Professional结合汽车整车设计开发过程,生成项目进度甘特图,和资源缓冲图,可以有效整体监控资源受限项目调度过程中的资源使用情况和项目工作模块的进度情况。汽车整车设计属于复杂产品设计,将已有的解决传统RCPSP问题的算法应用实际案例操作中,并在标准遗传算法的基础上进行有效改进,是对算法理论和应用的进一步拓展,既有理论研究价值又有现实应用价值。
The process of complicated products design has the characters of high complexity, long period and various requirement of resource. So a reasonable resource scheduling scheme has great significance to the design of complicated product, so as to shortening product development cycles and reducing the cost of product. How to make a reasonable resource scheduling in the conduct of resource-constrained is even with great significance.
In this paper, we use the genetic algorithm and CCPM (critical chain project management) as the mainly solutions. On the study of genetic algorithm, providing a further improve to existing genetic algorithm in the result of forming a new adaptive immune chaos genetic algorithm. Moreover, check the validity under MATLAB7.0. First, we make an Original Project scheduling by the new adaptive immune chaos genetic algorithm, after that we use the management software Adept Tracker Professional to show the charts both of the development process and resource buffer plan. Trough these charts, people can effectively monitor the whole process of resource-constrained project scheduling and the resources progress of every project work module. Automobile design is a complex product design, the approach of making solutions which are solve the problems of traditional RCPSP to the process of complicated products design, is further develops both in theory and application for standard genetic algorithm.
本文以汽车整车设计为例,以遗传算法和关键链理论为主线,通过研究遗传算法现状,进一步改进现有的遗传算法,形成新的自适应免疫混沌遗传算法,并在MATLAB7.0下编程仿真验证算法改进的有效性,通过改进的自适应免疫混沌遗传算法运算得到项目调配方案。同时进一步使用基于关键链思想的项目管理软件Adept Tracker Professional结合汽车整车设计开发过程,生成项目进度甘特图,和资源缓冲图,可以有效整体监控资源受限项目调度过程中的资源使用情况和项目工作模块的进度情况。汽车整车设计属于复杂产品设计,将已有的解决传统RCPSP问题的算法应用实际案例操作中,并在标准遗传算法的基础上进行有效改进,是对算法理论和应用的进一步拓展,既有理论研究价值又有现实应用价值。
The process of complicated products design has the characters of high complexity, long period and various requirement of resource. So a reasonable resource scheduling scheme has great significance to the design of complicated product, so as to shortening product development cycles and reducing the cost of product. How to make a reasonable resource scheduling in the conduct of resource-constrained is even with great significance.
In this paper, we use the genetic algorithm and CCPM (critical chain project management) as the mainly solutions. On the study of genetic algorithm, providing a further improve to existing genetic algorithm in the result of forming a new adaptive immune chaos genetic algorithm. Moreover, check the validity under MATLAB7.0. First, we make an Original Project scheduling by the new adaptive immune chaos genetic algorithm, after that we use the management software Adept Tracker Professional to show the charts both of the development process and resource buffer plan. Trough these charts, people can effectively monitor the whole process of resource-constrained project scheduling and the resources progress of every project work module. Automobile design is a complex product design, the approach of making solutions which are solve the problems of traditional RCPSP to the process of complicated products design, is further develops both in theory and application for standard genetic algorithm.
引文
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[3]杨雪松,胡昊.基于关键链方法的多项目管理[J].工业工程与管理,2005(2):48-52.
[4]王雪青,郭留洋,符桃.基于关键链技术的工程项目进度规划问题研究.河北工业大学学报.2005年06期.
[5]刘士新,宋健海,唐加福.基于关键链的资源受限项目调度新方法.自动化学报.2006
[6]马国丰,屠梅曾等.基于关键链技术的项目进度管理系统设计与实现.上海交通大学学报.2004,Vo138,3,P:377-381.
[7]罗荣桂,杨世宏,吴兵,李方卉.柔性资源受限的复杂产品协同开发项目调度研究综述.武汉理工大学学报·信息与管理工程版,2006.10
[8]劳动和社会保障部中国就业培训技术指导中心项目管理师〔M」.机械工业出版社, 2003:22-24,79-79
[10]门田安弘著,王瑞珠译.新丰田生产方式.保定:河北大学出版社,2001年9月
[11]王玉荣.瓶颈管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2002年6月
[12]肖田无,范玉顺,姚小冬.面向负荷的生产控制,北京:清华大学出版社,1997年6月
[13]王岩,曹春平,王宁生.基于Holon思想的生产计划与控制模式研究.南京航空航天大学学报,2004,36(2):190-194
[14]刘士新,王梦光,唐加福一种求解资源受限工程调度问题的遗传算法[J].系统工程学报,2002,17(1):1-7.
[15]魏晓鸣.协同设计技术研究综述.林业机械与木工设备,2002,30(12):4~6
[16]李敏强,寇纪淞。多模态函数优化的协同多群体遗传算法[J].自动化学报,2002,28(4):497-504.
[17]盛亚,尹宝兴.复杂产品系统创新的利益相关者作用机理:ERP为例[J].科学学研究, 2009, (01) .
[18]赵伟华.复杂产品研发组织管理模式研究[J].科技经济市场, 2008, (02) .
[19] Tomoyuki H, Mitsunori M, Masaki S, et. al. Distributed Probabilistic Model-Building Genetic Algorithm, In Proceedings of the Genetic andEvolutionary Computation Conference,2003.
[20] Booker L B, Goldberg D E. and Holland J H. Classifier Systems and Genetic Algorithms, Artificial intelligence,1989,40:235-282.
[21] Carlos A,Coello C.Solving multi-objective optimization problem using an artificial immune system.Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2002
[22]万伟,蔡晨,王长峰.在单资源约束项目中的关键链管理[J].中国管理科学,2003, 11(2):70-75.
[23]刘士新,宋健海,唐加福.关键链—一种项目计划与调度新方法.控制与决策.2003.27(1):47-89
[24] Nemazee D ,Hogquist K A. Antigen Receptor Selection by Editing or Down regulation of V(D)J Recombination[J].Current Opinion in Immunology,2003,15(2):182-189
[25] Vittorio M.An ANTS heuristic for the frequency assignment problem.Future Generation Computer Systems, 2000,16(8):927-935.
[26]逄博,邹树梁,王曦.复杂产品技术能力特征初探[J].管理观察, 2008, (22) .
[27] De Reyck B, Herroelen W S. The Multi-mode Resource-constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Generalized Precedence Relations [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1999, 119:538-556.
[28] Brucker P, Drexl A, Mohring R, et al. Resource-constrained Project Scheduling: Notation, Classification, Models, and Methods [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1999, 112:3-41
[29] Kolisch R , Sprecher A. PSPLIB-A Project Scheduling Problem Library[J].European Journal of the Operational Research,1996,96:205-216.
[30]潘若东,司春林.复杂产品系统创新过程管理研究[J].科技进步与对策, 2009, (06) .
[31]洪勇,苏敬勤.我国复杂产品系统自主创新研究[J].公共管理学报, 2008, (01) .
[32]洪勇,苏敬勤.自主创新导向的我国复杂产品系统合作创新网络研究[J].中国科技论坛, 2008, (09) .
[33] Kolisch R, Schwindt C, Sprecher A. Benchmark Instances for Project Scheduling Problems, In Weglarz J(ed.),Handbook on Recent Advances in Project Scheduling[M].Amsterdam: Kluwer,1998
[34] Demeulemeester E L, Vanhoucker M, Herroelen W S. RanGen: A Random Network Generator for Activity-on-the-Node Networks [J].Journal of Scheduling, 2003, 6:17-38.
[35] Demeulemeester E L, A Random Activity Network Generator [J]. Opreations Research, 1993, 41(5):972-980.
[36]李权兵,黎文,周霞.M即工I,JIT和Toc集成的实证研究.工业工程与管理,2000,(5): 32-35
[37] Patterson J H.A Comparison of Exact Approaches for Solving the Multiple Constrained Resource Project Scheduling Problem[J].Management Science,1984,7:854-867.
[38] De Reyck B , Herroelen W. A Branch-and-bound Procedure for the Resource-constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Generalized Precedence Relations[J].European Journal of Operational Reaearch,1998,111:152-174.
[39] SRINIVAS M, PATNAIK L M. Adaptive probabilities of crossover and mutation in GA[J].IEEE Trans SMC,1994,24(4):656-667.
[40]伍佳妮,夏维力.基于知识管理的复杂产品系统创新机制研究[J].情报杂志, 2008, (11) .
[41] Holland J H. Adaptation in Nature and Artifical Systems [M].Michigan: The University of Michigan Press, 1975
[42] Hong Wang, Dan Lin, Min qiang Li, A genetic algorithm for solving fuzzy resource-constrained project scheduling, Advances in Natural Computation, First International Conference, ICNC 2005 Changsha, China, August 2005 Proceedings, Part-Ⅲ:171~180 SCI: BDA32
[43]张群,张杰等译.生产与运作管理.北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[44] Xiao-mei Tian, Jin-Hua Zheng, Li and the military. Similarity based on the parent of individual self-adaptive genetic algorithm [J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2005,41 (18) :61-63(In Chinese).
[45]盛亚,尹宝兴.复杂产品系统项目的组织与技术创新管理研究现状[J].科技进步与对策, 2009, (05) .
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