面向产品设计过程的知识服务关键技术研究
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摘要
论文以制造企业产品的设计过程为具体的研究对象，针对设计过程中知识重用研究现状及其存在的问题，探讨了为设计人员提供主动的知识服务的关键技术。论文研究了知识在设计过程中存在的形式，分析了设计人员对知识的需求，建立了知识服务体系架构，并讨论了如何处理知识需求并依据知识需求检索知识的方法。论文的主要工作如下：
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景。以制造企业产品设计过程中的实际场景为例说明了知识流动不畅的问题，分析总结了知识重用等相关理论的研究现状，提出了现有研究的不足，在此基础上给出了论文的研究内容和整体架构。
第二章分析了产品设计过程中的知识需求，提出了知识服务的概念以及分类方法；建立了涵盖目标层、方法层、技术层和资源层的知识服务层次模型；引入工作流技术充当过程总线，建立了知识服务的运行模型；探讨了实现知识服务体系架构的关键技术。
第三章分析了影响复杂设计过程的主要因素，提出了过程粒的概念，应用过程粒对设计过程空间进行划分，形成了多个不同的过程粒划分模型；建立了设计人员模型，研究了设计人员能力的评估方法；基于设计人员能力，探讨了过程粒度的协调控制技术，遴选出适合设计人员的过程粒划分模型。
第四章分析了知识需求的特征，提出了知识需求网的概念，通过构建同源知识需求网和异构知识需求网，消除知识需求的不确定性，发现隐性知识需求，以获取完整的无歧义的知识需求网；研究了知识需求发生变更时知识需求网的进化方法。
第五章分析了设计知识的存在形式，探讨了构建设计知识本体库的方法，在此基础上建立了基于本体语义计算的设计知识检索模型；研究了实现该模型的关键技术，提出基于情景的语义相关度计算和基于概念分布的语义相似度计算方法。
第六章分析了知识服务系统的设计需求，在此基础上设计了系统的知识服务流程和功能模块，并讨论了知识的存储和应用方法，分析了系统的集成接口。
第七章对论文进行了总结，并对后续研究进行展望。
Aiming at the review and existent problem of knowledge reuse in product designprocess of manufacturing enterprises,the key technologies of active knowledgeservice for designers were discussed.The dissertation studied the knowledge form indesign process,analyzed the knowledge requirements of the designers,and thenestablished the knowledge service architecture.Based on these,how to deal with theknowledge requirements and search for the knowledge to match them wereresearched.The main work of the dissertation includes:
In chapter 1,the research background of dissertation was presented.Theexample discussed about the actual scene of product design process inmanufacturing enterprises,showed the impeded problem of the knowledge flow.Then the related theory about knowledge reuse was reviewed and analyzed.On thebasis of the proposed shortage of the present research,the content and architectureof the dissertation was given.
In chapter 2,the knowledge requirements in product design process wereresearched,and the concept and the classification method of knowledge servicewere proposed;the hierarchical model of knowledge service was established,whichcovered a target layer,a method layer,a technology layer and a resource layer;through introducing work flow as a process bus,the running model of knowledgeservice was constructed;finally,the key technologies of implementing the knowledgeservice architecture were analyzed.
In chapter 3,the main impact factors of complicated design process were listed;process granule was proposed for dividing the design process space to formmulti-granule divided models;the designer model was established,and theassessment method of the designer capacity was researched;based on the designercapacity,the coordination and control technology of process granularity wasdiscussed,in order to choose a proper process granule divided model for thedesigner automatically.
In chapter 4,the characteristics of knowledge requirements was analyzed,andthe concept of a knowledge requirement network (KRN) was proposed;then theconstructed method of a homologous KRN and a heterogeneous KRN was discussedto eliminate the uncertainty of knowledge requirements,discover implicit knowledgerequirements and finally acquire an entire and clear KRN;the evolution method ofthe KRN was researched when the knowledge requirements were modified.
In chapter 5,the existed style of design knowledge and the constructed methodof design knowledge ontology library were analyzed;on the basis of the aboveresearches,a searching model of design knowledge based on ontology semanticcomputation was established;then several related key technologies were researched,including a semantic correlation computation method based on scenes and asemantic similarity computation method based on concepts distribution.
In chapter 6,on the basis of design requirements of the knowledge servicesystem,the knowledge service process and function modules were designed;theknowledge storage and application method were discussed;the integrated interfacewas analyzed.
In chapter 7,the research in this dissertation and a prospect for the futureresearch work were summarized.
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景。以制造企业产品设计过程中的实际场景为例说明了知识流动不畅的问题，分析总结了知识重用等相关理论的研究现状，提出了现有研究的不足，在此基础上给出了论文的研究内容和整体架构。
第二章分析了产品设计过程中的知识需求，提出了知识服务的概念以及分类方法；建立了涵盖目标层、方法层、技术层和资源层的知识服务层次模型；引入工作流技术充当过程总线，建立了知识服务的运行模型；探讨了实现知识服务体系架构的关键技术。
第三章分析了影响复杂设计过程的主要因素，提出了过程粒的概念，应用过程粒对设计过程空间进行划分，形成了多个不同的过程粒划分模型；建立了设计人员模型，研究了设计人员能力的评估方法；基于设计人员能力，探讨了过程粒度的协调控制技术，遴选出适合设计人员的过程粒划分模型。
第四章分析了知识需求的特征，提出了知识需求网的概念，通过构建同源知识需求网和异构知识需求网，消除知识需求的不确定性，发现隐性知识需求，以获取完整的无歧义的知识需求网；研究了知识需求发生变更时知识需求网的进化方法。
第五章分析了设计知识的存在形式，探讨了构建设计知识本体库的方法，在此基础上建立了基于本体语义计算的设计知识检索模型；研究了实现该模型的关键技术，提出基于情景的语义相关度计算和基于概念分布的语义相似度计算方法。
第六章分析了知识服务系统的设计需求，在此基础上设计了系统的知识服务流程和功能模块，并讨论了知识的存储和应用方法，分析了系统的集成接口。
第七章对论文进行了总结，并对后续研究进行展望。
Aiming at the review and existent problem of knowledge reuse in product designprocess of manufacturing enterprises,the key technologies of active knowledgeservice for designers were discussed.The dissertation studied the knowledge form indesign process,analyzed the knowledge requirements of the designers,and thenestablished the knowledge service architecture.Based on these,how to deal with theknowledge requirements and search for the knowledge to match them wereresearched.The main work of the dissertation includes:
In chapter 1,the research background of dissertation was presented.Theexample discussed about the actual scene of product design process inmanufacturing enterprises,showed the impeded problem of the knowledge flow.Then the related theory about knowledge reuse was reviewed and analyzed.On thebasis of the proposed shortage of the present research,the content and architectureof the dissertation was given.
In chapter 2,the knowledge requirements in product design process wereresearched,and the concept and the classification method of knowledge servicewere proposed;the hierarchical model of knowledge service was established,whichcovered a target layer,a method layer,a technology layer and a resource layer;through introducing work flow as a process bus,the running model of knowledgeservice was constructed;finally,the key technologies of implementing the knowledgeservice architecture were analyzed.
In chapter 3,the main impact factors of complicated design process were listed;process granule was proposed for dividing the design process space to formmulti-granule divided models;the designer model was established,and theassessment method of the designer capacity was researched;based on the designercapacity,the coordination and control technology of process granularity wasdiscussed,in order to choose a proper process granule divided model for thedesigner automatically.
In chapter 4,the characteristics of knowledge requirements was analyzed,andthe concept of a knowledge requirement network (KRN) was proposed;then theconstructed method of a homologous KRN and a heterogeneous KRN was discussedto eliminate the uncertainty of knowledge requirements,discover implicit knowledgerequirements and finally acquire an entire and clear KRN;the evolution method ofthe KRN was researched when the knowledge requirements were modified.
In chapter 5,the existed style of design knowledge and the constructed methodof design knowledge ontology library were analyzed;on the basis of the aboveresearches,a searching model of design knowledge based on ontology semanticcomputation was established;then several related key technologies were researched,including a semantic correlation computation method based on scenes and asemantic similarity computation method based on concepts distribution.
In chapter 6,on the basis of design requirements of the knowledge servicesystem,the knowledge service process and function modules were designed;theknowledge storage and application method were discussed;the integrated interfacewas analyzed.
In chapter 7,the research in this dissertation and a prospect for the futureresearch work were summarized.
引文
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