基于TMS320F2812的相关法超声波流量计研究
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摘要
在原油开采过程中,为了油井计量和油藏动态管理,确定最佳产量和油田开采时间,要求经常监视单井的动态,掌握单口油井的产量,针对目前石油单井传统的测量方法,本文设计了基于TMS320F2812相关法超声波流量计,由于超声波在流动的液体中传播时可以载上流体流速的信息,因此我们可以通过对接收到的超声波信号进行处理,得到相应的流体噪声信号,然后采用相关法将流体的流速测量问题转化为流体通过相距一定距离的两截面的时间间隔的测量问题,就可实现流体流速的非接触性在线测量。
数字信号处理技术在近些年得到了迅猛发展,它的理论和算法在各个行业领域也得以了广泛的应用,实现相关法的数学算法也有很多,本文采用快速傅里叶变换和快速傅里叶反变换的方式来实现相关算法。DSP是伴随着数字信号处理技术的发展,为适应数字信号处理技术中所要求的处理数据量大、快速实时处理、处理精度高等优点而开发的数字信号处理器,它为实现快速傅里叶变换提供了很好的软硬件平台,因此本文采用DSP实现快速傅里叶变换,从而达到在线测量石油单井流量。
本文主要研究基于TMS320F2812的相关法超声波流量计的系统设计方案和软硬件实现。整套测量系统包含三大模块：第一大模块是信号产生部分,即使用100KHz高频超声波传感器检测油水两相流的信息；第二大模块是信号调理部分,包括接收器、解调放大电路、低通滤波器、信号放大器等模拟电路；第三大模块是信号采集处理部分,该模块以TI公司的TMS320F2812为核心器件。通过这三大模块最终实现能够精确测量油水两相流的流量,并在石油单井上面进行了本装置的试验性测量,对测量结果分析得出本文设计的基于TMS320F2812的相关法超声波流量计基本满足油田上对油井的计量要求。
In the crude oil extraction process, in order to measure and dynamic management of reservoir, determine optimum point of production and the best time of oil extraction, we are asked frequently to monitor the dynamics of single well and control the output of oil. To direct at the current traditional measurement of single well, we design the correlation method ultrasonic flow meter based on TMS320F2812. As the ultrasonic wave in the liquid flow can be set on the information of the flow propagation velocity, therefore,by means of dealing with the received ultrasonic signal, we can acquire the corresponding fluid noise signal. Then by correlation method transforming flow velocity measurement problems to the time interval measurement problems when fluid through a certain distance of two sections, we can achieve the online measurement of non-contact flow rate.
Digital signal processing technology has been rapid development in recent years, its theory and algorithms have also been widely used in various industries. There are many mathematics algorithms to achieve the correlation method. This paper uses the fast Fourier transform and fast Fourier inverse transform approaches to achieving correlation algorithm. With the development of digital signal processing technology, we develop DSP,a digital signal processor, meeting the requires of processing data in large, fast real-time processing, accuracy processing in digital signal processing technology. It provides a good software and hardware platform for Fast Fourier Transform. So this article uses DSP for Fast Fourier transform to achieve the single well-line measurement of oil flow.
This paper studies the correlation method ultrasonic flowmeter system design and software and hardware implementation which are based on TMS320F2812. The complete measurement system consists of three modules:the first module is part of the signal generated, namely using 100KHz high frequency ultrasonic sensors to detect information of oil-water two-phase flow; the second module is part of the signal conditioning, including receiver, demodulation amplifier, low pass filter, signal amplifier and other analog circuits; the third module is part of the signal acquisition and processing. This module uses TI's TM320F2812 as the core component. Through these three modules eventually be able to accurately measure the flow rate of oil-water two-phase flow. The experiment testing of this device is measured above the single well. Analysis of the measurement results obtain the correlation ultrasonic flowmeter to be desinged in this text that based on TMS320F2812, and it meets on the basic measurement requirements in oil well.
数字信号处理技术在近些年得到了迅猛发展,它的理论和算法在各个行业领域也得以了广泛的应用,实现相关法的数学算法也有很多,本文采用快速傅里叶变换和快速傅里叶反变换的方式来实现相关算法。DSP是伴随着数字信号处理技术的发展,为适应数字信号处理技术中所要求的处理数据量大、快速实时处理、处理精度高等优点而开发的数字信号处理器,它为实现快速傅里叶变换提供了很好的软硬件平台,因此本文采用DSP实现快速傅里叶变换,从而达到在线测量石油单井流量。
本文主要研究基于TMS320F2812的相关法超声波流量计的系统设计方案和软硬件实现。整套测量系统包含三大模块：第一大模块是信号产生部分,即使用100KHz高频超声波传感器检测油水两相流的信息；第二大模块是信号调理部分,包括接收器、解调放大电路、低通滤波器、信号放大器等模拟电路；第三大模块是信号采集处理部分,该模块以TI公司的TMS320F2812为核心器件。通过这三大模块最终实现能够精确测量油水两相流的流量,并在石油单井上面进行了本装置的试验性测量,对测量结果分析得出本文设计的基于TMS320F2812的相关法超声波流量计基本满足油田上对油井的计量要求。
In the crude oil extraction process, in order to measure and dynamic management of reservoir, determine optimum point of production and the best time of oil extraction, we are asked frequently to monitor the dynamics of single well and control the output of oil. To direct at the current traditional measurement of single well, we design the correlation method ultrasonic flow meter based on TMS320F2812. As the ultrasonic wave in the liquid flow can be set on the information of the flow propagation velocity, therefore,by means of dealing with the received ultrasonic signal, we can acquire the corresponding fluid noise signal. Then by correlation method transforming flow velocity measurement problems to the time interval measurement problems when fluid through a certain distance of two sections, we can achieve the online measurement of non-contact flow rate.
Digital signal processing technology has been rapid development in recent years, its theory and algorithms have also been widely used in various industries. There are many mathematics algorithms to achieve the correlation method. This paper uses the fast Fourier transform and fast Fourier inverse transform approaches to achieving correlation algorithm. With the development of digital signal processing technology, we develop DSP,a digital signal processor, meeting the requires of processing data in large, fast real-time processing, accuracy processing in digital signal processing technology. It provides a good software and hardware platform for Fast Fourier Transform. So this article uses DSP for Fast Fourier transform to achieve the single well-line measurement of oil flow.
This paper studies the correlation method ultrasonic flowmeter system design and software and hardware implementation which are based on TMS320F2812. The complete measurement system consists of three modules:the first module is part of the signal generated, namely using 100KHz high frequency ultrasonic sensors to detect information of oil-water two-phase flow; the second module is part of the signal conditioning, including receiver, demodulation amplifier, low pass filter, signal amplifier and other analog circuits; the third module is part of the signal acquisition and processing. This module uses TI's TM320F2812 as the core component. Through these three modules eventually be able to accurately measure the flow rate of oil-water two-phase flow. The experiment testing of this device is measured above the single well. Analysis of the measurement results obtain the correlation ultrasonic flowmeter to be desinged in this text that based on TMS320F2812, and it meets on the basic measurement requirements in oil well.
引文
[1]蔡武昌,孙淮清,纪纲.流量测量方法和仪表的选用[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2001：11-19
[2]赵晋梅,董妙贤.超声波流量计的选型及应用[J].计量测试,2002,增刊：41-45
[3]Takahashi M, Hayashi. Operating System Kernel for All Real Time System[J]. Journal of Precision Engineering,2004,61(1):90
[4]阎军.超声波流量表的研究改进与现状[J].长春大学学报,1996,21(8)：14-17
[5]易兵等.超声波流量测量技术及发展[J].测试技术学报,1995,9(1)：14-18
[6]管军.基于相关检测原理的电磁流量计的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2003
[7]王智慧,李忠慧,王磊.超声波互相关流量测量技术及应用综述[J].测控技术,2000,19(3)：11-13
[8]纪纲.流量测量仪表应用技巧[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2003
[9]池光勋.超声波相关流量计的研制[D].长春：吉林大学,2005
[10]王明伟,姚展,李秦君.基于DSP的新型超声多普勒流量计设计与实现[J].仪表技术与传感器,2009,(11)
[11]黄永峰.时差式超声流量计新测量方法的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[12]黄滔,张静,杨丽寰.基于相关法的测风激光雷达[A].2008年激光探测、制导与对抗技术研讨会论文集[C],2008,239-240
[13]陈聪.超声波流量计的特点和应用[J].医药工程设计,2010,01：7-8
[14]陈布雨.超声波流量计测量原理分析与研究[J].科技创新导报,2009,(31)：10-11
[15]桂永芳.相关法超声波流量计二次仪表的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004
[16]李海青,黄志尧.特种检测技术及应用[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2000
[17]吕有昌,万才春,陈秀华.极性相关原理的探讨[J].南京工学院学报,1982,(4)：69-76
[18]徐群.两相流相关流量测量方法研究[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003
[19]Beck M S. Correlation in instrument:cross correlation flowmeters[J]. Sci Instrum,1981,14:7-19
[20]祝海林,邹星.管道流量非接触测量——方法与技术[M].北京：气象出版社,1999
[21]Tugnait J. K. Time delay estimation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise[J]. Signal Processing,1993,41:549-558
[22]胡广书.数字信号处理导论[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[23]金澄等.基于DSP的智能相关流量测量系统[J].传感器技术,1999,2
[24]易兵等.超声波流量测量技术及发展[J].测试技术学报,1995,9,(1)：14-18
[25]张雄伟等.DSP芯片的原理与开发应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[26]丁玉美等.数字信号处理[M].西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[27]尚志远.检测声学原理及应用[M].西安：西北大学出版社,1996
[28]蒋练军,李木林.驻波能量探究[J].湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版),2004,(04)：76-77
[29]周淑阁.模拟电子技术基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2004
[30]常莉,沈博,鲁永康,张晓飞.一款超低噪声前置放大器的设计[J].电子器件,2008,06：39
[31]孟翼,邓北星. 基于巴特沃思滤波器的有源电力滤波研究[J]. 电测与仪表,2007,(10)
[32]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆锋,陈圣俭.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[33]单惠瑜.基于TMS320F2812实验系统的设计与应用[D].北京：北京化工大学,2009
[34]蔡金青,王锐,高明伦. JTAG边界扫描技术的研究和设计[A].全国第十五届计算机科学与技术应用学术会议论文集[C].2003：471-475
[35]叶克江.键盘显示专用器件HD7279A的接口设计[J].电子设计工程,2009,03：55
[36]尹勇,欧光军,关荣锋.DSP集成开发环境CCS开发指南[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[37]Eamon Nash. Errors and Errors Budget Analysis in Instrumentati on filter Applications[J]. USA:Analog Deviees,2005.22(5):69-72
[38]Texas Instruments. TMS320C28x Optimizing C/C++Compile User's Guide[M].1999
[2]赵晋梅,董妙贤.超声波流量计的选型及应用[J].计量测试,2002,增刊：41-45
[3]Takahashi M, Hayashi. Operating System Kernel for All Real Time System[J]. Journal of Precision Engineering,2004,61(1):90
[4]阎军.超声波流量表的研究改进与现状[J].长春大学学报,1996,21(8)：14-17
[5]易兵等.超声波流量测量技术及发展[J].测试技术学报,1995,9(1)：14-18
[6]管军.基于相关检测原理的电磁流量计的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2003
[7]王智慧,李忠慧,王磊.超声波互相关流量测量技术及应用综述[J].测控技术,2000,19(3)：11-13
[8]纪纲.流量测量仪表应用技巧[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2003
[9]池光勋.超声波相关流量计的研制[D].长春：吉林大学,2005
[10]王明伟,姚展,李秦君.基于DSP的新型超声多普勒流量计设计与实现[J].仪表技术与传感器,2009,(11)
[11]黄永峰.时差式超声流量计新测量方法的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[12]黄滔,张静,杨丽寰.基于相关法的测风激光雷达[A].2008年激光探测、制导与对抗技术研讨会论文集[C],2008,239-240
[13]陈聪.超声波流量计的特点和应用[J].医药工程设计,2010,01：7-8
[14]陈布雨.超声波流量计测量原理分析与研究[J].科技创新导报,2009,(31)：10-11
[15]桂永芳.相关法超声波流量计二次仪表的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004
[16]李海青,黄志尧.特种检测技术及应用[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2000
[17]吕有昌,万才春,陈秀华.极性相关原理的探讨[J].南京工学院学报,1982,(4)：69-76
[18]徐群.两相流相关流量测量方法研究[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003
[19]Beck M S. Correlation in instrument:cross correlation flowmeters[J]. Sci Instrum,1981,14:7-19
[20]祝海林,邹星.管道流量非接触测量——方法与技术[M].北京：气象出版社,1999
[21]Tugnait J. K. Time delay estimation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise[J]. Signal Processing,1993,41:549-558
[22]胡广书.数字信号处理导论[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[23]金澄等.基于DSP的智能相关流量测量系统[J].传感器技术,1999,2
[24]易兵等.超声波流量测量技术及发展[J].测试技术学报,1995,9,(1)：14-18
[25]张雄伟等.DSP芯片的原理与开发应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[26]丁玉美等.数字信号处理[M].西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[27]尚志远.检测声学原理及应用[M].西安：西北大学出版社,1996
[28]蒋练军,李木林.驻波能量探究[J].湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版),2004,(04)：76-77
[29]周淑阁.模拟电子技术基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2004
[30]常莉,沈博,鲁永康,张晓飞.一款超低噪声前置放大器的设计[J].电子器件,2008,06：39
[31]孟翼,邓北星. 基于巴特沃思滤波器的有源电力滤波研究[J]. 电测与仪表,2007,(10)
[32]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆锋,陈圣俭.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[33]单惠瑜.基于TMS320F2812实验系统的设计与应用[D].北京：北京化工大学,2009
[34]蔡金青,王锐,高明伦. JTAG边界扫描技术的研究和设计[A].全国第十五届计算机科学与技术应用学术会议论文集[C].2003：471-475
[35]叶克江.键盘显示专用器件HD7279A的接口设计[J].电子设计工程,2009,03：55
[36]尹勇,欧光军,关荣锋.DSP集成开发环境CCS开发指南[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[37]Eamon Nash. Errors and Errors Budget Analysis in Instrumentati on filter Applications[J]. USA:Analog Deviees,2005.22(5):69-72
[38]Texas Instruments. TMS320C28x Optimizing C/C++Compile User's Guide[M].1999