基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统开发
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摘要
针对液压设备状态检测、故障诊断的特点和发展趋势,本文以信息融合理论为指导思想,利用虚拟仪器开发平台对液压动力系统多源诊断信息的获取以及分析方法进行了研究,其主要工作如下：
1、在课题组前期对液压动力系统信号获取及故障机理分析基础上,对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统研究的理论基础进行了分析,研究了实验系统的构建方法和硬件平台的搭建原理,在对多种软件开发平台特性进行对比的基础上,选用LabVIEW作为实现对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统统的软件平台。
2、进行了故障诊断专家系统分析,BP神经网络基础学习,信号分析相关研究,以及分析传感器技术基础,总结了传感器选型的原则,论述四种信号传输与总线性能,并选择PXI作为对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统的总线；为实验系统软硬件开发奠定了理论基础。
3、为了能够更好研发对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统,分析了液压动力系统诊断信息获取实验平台的机械系统、液压系统及电气系统构成要素；对实验主要内容、实验步骤进行了详细规划；收集液压动力系统及其各元件故障类型、故障形成原因和解决方法,为建立液压动力故障诊断专家系统的知识库提供诊断知识,为后续硬件平台搭建和虚拟面板开发做好铺垫。
4、根据液压动力系统故障诊断专家系统虚拟面板开发的需要,对诊断信息获取实验平台硬件构成、传感器选择、标定以及虚拟仪器硬件平台搭建进行了研究；并以此为基础搭建虚拟仪器硬件平台,用LabVIEW软件平台完成本文系统虚拟面板开发。软件开发主要有系统简介模块、在线监测模块、数据分析模块、故障诊断模块和数据库管理模块。探讨了BP神经网络用于液压设备故障诊断专家系统的可行性。
In connection with the characterizes and the development trend of on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of hydraulic system, this paper studied multi-source diagnostic information acquisition and fault diagnosis of hydraulic power system with the direction of expert System based on virtual instrument. The researched results are as follows:
1.Basing on the gained results of our research group about the acquisition of electro-hydraulic signals and fault mechanism of hydraulic power system previously, theory of experiment system based on virtual instrument is analyzed. The experiment system and hardware platform's design principle are also discussed. In contrast to characteristizes of a variety of software, Lab VIEW is the best choice as the software platform for multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment.
2.In this paper, fault diagnosis expert system is analyzed, BP ANN is basely learned, signal analysis and sensor technology are researched, the selection principle of the sensor and four types of signal transmission and bus function are also studied, at last PXI is chosen as the bus of multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment based on virtual instrument. All of these have laid a theoretical foundation for the construction of hardware and the exploitation of virtual panels.
3.In order to deeply research the multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment, the elements of its mechanical system, hydraulic system and electrical system are analyzed in deep. A detailed plan for the experiment main contents and the experiment steps are carried out. The fault types, fault causes and solutions of hydraulic power system are collected, which affords basis for the establishment of knowledge base of hydraulic power system fault diagnosis, and laying a good foundation for its hardware and software.
4. According to the development need of virtual panel of the fault diagnosis expert system of hydraulic power system, the hardware structure of the experiment platform to get the diagnostic information, the selection and calibration of sensors and how to construct the hardware platform for virtual instrument are studied. Afterward, virtual instrument hardware platform is constructed; Exploitation of virtual panels is completed with the help of Lab VIEW software platform. Software development includes system introduction module, on-line monitoring module, data analysis module, fault diagnosis module and a database management module. At last the feasibility of using BP ANN in the fault diagnosis expert system of hydraulic power system is discussed.
1、在课题组前期对液压动力系统信号获取及故障机理分析基础上,对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统研究的理论基础进行了分析,研究了实验系统的构建方法和硬件平台的搭建原理,在对多种软件开发平台特性进行对比的基础上,选用LabVIEW作为实现对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统统的软件平台。
2、进行了故障诊断专家系统分析,BP神经网络基础学习,信号分析相关研究,以及分析传感器技术基础,总结了传感器选型的原则,论述四种信号传输与总线性能,并选择PXI作为对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统的总线；为实验系统软硬件开发奠定了理论基础。
3、为了能够更好研发对基于虚拟仪器的液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验系统,分析了液压动力系统诊断信息获取实验平台的机械系统、液压系统及电气系统构成要素；对实验主要内容、实验步骤进行了详细规划；收集液压动力系统及其各元件故障类型、故障形成原因和解决方法,为建立液压动力故障诊断专家系统的知识库提供诊断知识,为后续硬件平台搭建和虚拟面板开发做好铺垫。
4、根据液压动力系统故障诊断专家系统虚拟面板开发的需要,对诊断信息获取实验平台硬件构成、传感器选择、标定以及虚拟仪器硬件平台搭建进行了研究；并以此为基础搭建虚拟仪器硬件平台,用LabVIEW软件平台完成本文系统虚拟面板开发。软件开发主要有系统简介模块、在线监测模块、数据分析模块、故障诊断模块和数据库管理模块。探讨了BP神经网络用于液压设备故障诊断专家系统的可行性。
In connection with the characterizes and the development trend of on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of hydraulic system, this paper studied multi-source diagnostic information acquisition and fault diagnosis of hydraulic power system with the direction of expert System based on virtual instrument. The researched results are as follows:
1.Basing on the gained results of our research group about the acquisition of electro-hydraulic signals and fault mechanism of hydraulic power system previously, theory of experiment system based on virtual instrument is analyzed. The experiment system and hardware platform's design principle are also discussed. In contrast to characteristizes of a variety of software, Lab VIEW is the best choice as the software platform for multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment.
2.In this paper, fault diagnosis expert system is analyzed, BP ANN is basely learned, signal analysis and sensor technology are researched, the selection principle of the sensor and four types of signal transmission and bus function are also studied, at last PXI is chosen as the bus of multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment based on virtual instrument. All of these have laid a theoretical foundation for the construction of hardware and the exploitation of virtual panels.
3.In order to deeply research the multi-source diagnosis information acquisition experiment system of hydraulic equipment, the elements of its mechanical system, hydraulic system and electrical system are analyzed in deep. A detailed plan for the experiment main contents and the experiment steps are carried out. The fault types, fault causes and solutions of hydraulic power system are collected, which affords basis for the establishment of knowledge base of hydraulic power system fault diagnosis, and laying a good foundation for its hardware and software.
4. According to the development need of virtual panel of the fault diagnosis expert system of hydraulic power system, the hardware structure of the experiment platform to get the diagnostic information, the selection and calibration of sensors and how to construct the hardware platform for virtual instrument are studied. Afterward, virtual instrument hardware platform is constructed; Exploitation of virtual panels is completed with the help of Lab VIEW software platform. Software development includes system introduction module, on-line monitoring module, data analysis module, fault diagnosis module and a database management module. At last the feasibility of using BP ANN in the fault diagnosis expert system of hydraulic power system is discussed.
引文
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[3]史铁林等.提高大型复杂机电系统故障诊断质量的几种新方法[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(9)：1-10
[4]屈梁生,张海军.提高故障诊断质量的几种方法[J].中国机械工程,2001,12(10)：1168-1172
[5]谷立臣,张优云,丘大谋.液压动力系统运行状态识别技术研究[J].机械工程学报.2001.37(6).61-65
[6]路甬祥.流体传动与控制技术的历史进展与展望[J].机械工程学报,2001,37(10)：1-7
[7]C Angeli and A Chatzinikolaou.Prediction and Diagnosis of Fault in Hydraulic Systems. Proceedings of the Institution Mechanical Engineers[J],2002;216,2;ProQuest Science Journals; 293～297
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[10]史维祥.流体传动几个重要方面的发展[J].液压气动与密封,2001(1)：2-6
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[13]薛晓虎.工程机械液压系统泄漏故障的分析与研究[J].工程机械,2002,7：25-28
[14]Masao Egi,Xiao xinzhi.The Trend of Japan's Hydraulic Technology[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals,No.1,2004:11～14
[15]Chrangeli.An Online Expert Systems for Fault Diagnosis in Hydraulic Systems [J].Expert Systems,1999,16(2):115～120
[16]Li YT,Lei B F,Ting K L,et al."Gray-box"Modeling Method and Parameters Identifyca-tion for Large-scale Hydraulic System[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2003,16(1):1-3
[17]鄂加强.智能故障诊断及其应用[M].湖南大学出版社,2006
[18]杨国安.机械设备故障诊断实用技术[M].中国石化出版社,2007
[19]周宏林.液压系统故障智能诊断技术的研究与发展[J].机械制造与自动化,2004(2)：16-18
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[21]黄志坚,袁周.液压设备故障诊断与监测实用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2005
[22]朱大奇,史慧.人工神经网络原理及应用[M].科学出版社,2006
[23]尹朝庆.人工智能方法与应用[M].华中科技大学出版社,2007
[24]朱福喜,汤怡群,傅建明.人工智能原理[M].武汉大学出版社,2002
[25]谷立臣.工程机械诊断信息融合理论与方法研究[D].西安交通大学博士学位论文,2002
[26]邓乐.多传感器信息融合技术与液压系统状态监测故障诊断[J].机床与液压,2004,No.2：160-162
[27]杜文正等.基于竞争网络的液压系统故障诊断方法[J].液压与气动,2003(10)：55-57
[28]祁仁俊.液压系统压力脉动的机理[C].中国工程机械学会2002年年会论文集,47-52
[29]姜万录,张淑清,王逸群.液压泵故障的小波变换诊断方法[J].机械工程学报,Vol.37,No.6,2001：34-37
[30]Wei Pan and Hangong Wang.Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis for Hydraulic System of Construction Machinery Based on Multi-sensor Information Fusion. Interna-tional Conference on Intelligent Maintenance Systems (IMS)[J],Xi an, China. October 30-November 1,2003:31-37
[31]谷立臣.液压设备多源诊断信息获取实验装置及其实验方法[P].国家发明专利,受理号：200810232493.6
[32]谷立臣.机械信号处理及应用[M].西安：陕西科学技术出版社,2000.07
[33]Robe,s M.J..信号与系统[M].胡建凌.北京：机械工业出版社,2006
[34]TRamden,PKrus,JOPalmberg.Fault Diangosisof Complex Fluid Power Systems Using Neural Network [C].4thScandinavina International ConferenceOilFluid Power,Tampere, 1995
[35]张洪润,张亚凡.传感技术与实验：传感器件外形、标定与实验[M].北京：清华大学出 版社,2005.14-17
[36]高晓蓉.传感器技术[M].西南交通大学出版社,2003
[37]K M Mehmood.Diagnostic Expea System for Trouble Shooting Hydraulic Systems[J].International Jounral Of Computer Application Technology,1995,8(1/2):116-120
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