小波图像压缩技术在数字电影中的应用研究
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摘要
小波是进行时频信号分析的一个重要方法，从在上世纪90年代开始被逐渐应用到图像压缩中，特别是Sweldens和Daubenchies等学者于90年代中期提出基于提升小波构造的新方法后，大大加速并扩展了小波的实用化进程。
数字电影作为一种新兴技术，正成为继数字电视之后广播电影电视领域又一次里程碑式的变革，电影图像尺寸巨大、色彩信息丰富，数字化后的数据量异常庞大，所以图像压缩技术成为了数字电影中最为关键的核心技术，而事实上传统的MPEG等压缩技术已经不能够适应数字电影的发展要求。
在这种背景下，本文研究的目的是通过对小波图像压缩技术深入应用研究，探索满足数字电影技术发展要求的视频压缩解决方案和可行性策略，主要研究内容包括：
1．小波图像压缩理论研究
研究小波图像压缩理论，包括提升小波变换的原理、优点和滤波器组的实现方式等；对多种可逆整数小波变换的性能进行分析和评估；对JPEG2000标准中使用的5／3和9／7滤波器的数学特性进行分析，研究基于小波变换的JPEG2000系列标准，主要包括Part-1(核心和系统)和Part-3(运动JPEG2000)，分析编解码基理以及各部分模块对压缩性能的影响。
2．数字电影压缩技术研究
研究电影的数字化及图像压缩方法，分析MPEG2作为数字电影压缩标准使用时存在的不足，归纳出数字电影发展的技术要求；对现有的JPEG2000与H．264／AVC FRExt标准在数字电影中的应用特性、压缩性能进行评估，分析二者的适应特性。
3．数字电影编码系统研制
与目前广泛使用的MPEG2标准不同，本文提出了采用JPEG2000作为数字电影图像压缩方案，该方案比MPEG2更适用于数字电影的技术发展，经过实际的软件和硬件开发，我们最终成功研制了一个实用化的数字电影编码系统，该系统可支持多种格式的电影图像压缩及拷贝的封装分发。
4．基于三维小波变换的电影图像压缩技术研究
在JPEG2000数字电影编码方案的基础上，为进一步提高压缩效率，本文对三维小波图像压缩理论技术进行深入研究后，提出了“MC-JPEG2000”的数字电影图像压缩方案，它与原有JPEG2000方案兼容的同时，具有多维可伸缩特性，压缩性能优于JPEG2000方案。
区别于目前广泛使用的数据加密技术，本文为MC-JPEG2000设计了一种更为高效的版权保护方法MV-DRM，它利用图像编码时生成的运动矢量作为安全密钥，不需额外增加数据计算量，能够有效的实现电影拷贝的版权保护。
Wavelet is important technique for temporal-frequency analysis, in 1990s it came into use in image compression. Especially from the mid-1990s Sweldens and Daubenchies et al. innovated so called "lifting" method to construct wavelet , which accelerated and enlarged wavelet application in practice.
As a developing new technology, Digital Cinema gets more and more attentions and being a landmark of digital innovation in broadcasting world after Digital TV. Movie picture size is very bigand its color information is very rich too so that digitized data quantity is very huge, thereby image compression technology is key stone in Digital Cinema. In fact, the conventional MPEG etc. compression technology can not support Digital Cinema development in the future.
Under above background , this dissertation aims to research wavelet video&image compression application and exploit the video compression solution an-d feasible approach according with the requirement of development in Digital Cinema. It's main investigation as following:
1. Basic research on wavelet image compression theory
Done research on wavelet image compression theory, especially "lifting" wavelet transform elements, superiority and construction approach with filter banks; Evaluated and analyzed performance about several reversible integer to integer wavelet transforms for image compression; Analyzed mathematical properties of the JPEG2000wavelet filter: LeGall 5/3 and Daubechies 9/7. Done research on JPEG2000 serial standards which adopted wa-velet transform in image compression, especially for Part-1( core and system ) and Part-3 (Motion JPEG2000), analyzed compression engine of encode & decode and impact on compression performance of every module.
2. Digital Cinema technology
Done research on digitization and image processing method in Digital Cinema, analyzed the shortages of MPEG2 when it was applied to Digital Cinema compression; Investigation the requirement of development of Digital Cinema in the future, evaluated JPEG2000 and H.264/AVC FRExt compression application characteristic, compression performance and compared their adaptability in Digital Ci ne-ma.
3. Digital Cinema encoder
Differed from the most used standard MPEG2, we brought forward a digital cinema image compression encoder solution based JP -EG2000, which is much more better for digital cimema compression than MPEG2 scheme. We designed hardware and software for this solution and at last finished the digital cinema encoder, it can support multi-format of movie picture to compress and packetd the digital copy to distribute.
4. 3-D wavelet image compression in Digital Cinema
Based JPEG2000 digital cinema scheme we brought forward MC-JPEG200 scheme for digital cinema compression application,which can keep compatible with JPEG2000 scheme and furthermore obtain the better performance in the same condition.
With MC-JPEG20000, we applied a new high efficient digital right protection technique, which used move vector as security key, thus it didn't need more compution compared the conventional method.
数字电影作为一种新兴技术，正成为继数字电视之后广播电影电视领域又一次里程碑式的变革，电影图像尺寸巨大、色彩信息丰富，数字化后的数据量异常庞大，所以图像压缩技术成为了数字电影中最为关键的核心技术，而事实上传统的MPEG等压缩技术已经不能够适应数字电影的发展要求。
在这种背景下，本文研究的目的是通过对小波图像压缩技术深入应用研究，探索满足数字电影技术发展要求的视频压缩解决方案和可行性策略，主要研究内容包括：
1．小波图像压缩理论研究
研究小波图像压缩理论，包括提升小波变换的原理、优点和滤波器组的实现方式等；对多种可逆整数小波变换的性能进行分析和评估；对JPEG2000标准中使用的5／3和9／7滤波器的数学特性进行分析，研究基于小波变换的JPEG2000系列标准，主要包括Part-1(核心和系统)和Part-3(运动JPEG2000)，分析编解码基理以及各部分模块对压缩性能的影响。
2．数字电影压缩技术研究
研究电影的数字化及图像压缩方法，分析MPEG2作为数字电影压缩标准使用时存在的不足，归纳出数字电影发展的技术要求；对现有的JPEG2000与H．264／AVC FRExt标准在数字电影中的应用特性、压缩性能进行评估，分析二者的适应特性。
3．数字电影编码系统研制
与目前广泛使用的MPEG2标准不同，本文提出了采用JPEG2000作为数字电影图像压缩方案，该方案比MPEG2更适用于数字电影的技术发展，经过实际的软件和硬件开发，我们最终成功研制了一个实用化的数字电影编码系统，该系统可支持多种格式的电影图像压缩及拷贝的封装分发。
4．基于三维小波变换的电影图像压缩技术研究
在JPEG2000数字电影编码方案的基础上，为进一步提高压缩效率，本文对三维小波图像压缩理论技术进行深入研究后，提出了“MC-JPEG2000”的数字电影图像压缩方案，它与原有JPEG2000方案兼容的同时，具有多维可伸缩特性，压缩性能优于JPEG2000方案。
区别于目前广泛使用的数据加密技术，本文为MC-JPEG2000设计了一种更为高效的版权保护方法MV-DRM，它利用图像编码时生成的运动矢量作为安全密钥，不需额外增加数据计算量，能够有效的实现电影拷贝的版权保护。
Wavelet is important technique for temporal-frequency analysis, in 1990s it came into use in image compression. Especially from the mid-1990s Sweldens and Daubenchies et al. innovated so called "lifting" method to construct wavelet , which accelerated and enlarged wavelet application in practice.
As a developing new technology, Digital Cinema gets more and more attentions and being a landmark of digital innovation in broadcasting world after Digital TV. Movie picture size is very bigand its color information is very rich too so that digitized data quantity is very huge, thereby image compression technology is key stone in Digital Cinema. In fact, the conventional MPEG etc. compression technology can not support Digital Cinema development in the future.
Under above background , this dissertation aims to research wavelet video&image compression application and exploit the video compression solution an-d feasible approach according with the requirement of development in Digital Cinema. It's main investigation as following:
1. Basic research on wavelet image compression theory
Done research on wavelet image compression theory, especially "lifting" wavelet transform elements, superiority and construction approach with filter banks; Evaluated and analyzed performance about several reversible integer to integer wavelet transforms for image compression; Analyzed mathematical properties of the JPEG2000wavelet filter: LeGall 5/3 and Daubechies 9/7. Done research on JPEG2000 serial standards which adopted wa-velet transform in image compression, especially for Part-1( core and system ) and Part-3 (Motion JPEG2000), analyzed compression engine of encode & decode and impact on compression performance of every module.
2. Digital Cinema technology
Done research on digitization and image processing method in Digital Cinema, analyzed the shortages of MPEG2 when it was applied to Digital Cinema compression; Investigation the requirement of development of Digital Cinema in the future, evaluated JPEG2000 and H.264/AVC FRExt compression application characteristic, compression performance and compared their adaptability in Digital Ci ne-ma.
3. Digital Cinema encoder
Differed from the most used standard MPEG2, we brought forward a digital cinema image compression encoder solution based JP -EG2000, which is much more better for digital cimema compression than MPEG2 scheme. We designed hardware and software for this solution and at last finished the digital cinema encoder, it can support multi-format of movie picture to compress and packetd the digital copy to distribute.
4. 3-D wavelet image compression in Digital Cinema
Based JPEG2000 digital cinema scheme we brought forward MC-JPEG200 scheme for digital cinema compression application,which can keep compatible with JPEG2000 scheme and furthermore obtain the better performance in the same condition.
With MC-JPEG20000, we applied a new high efficient digital right protection technique, which used move vector as security key, thus it didn't need more compution compared the conventional method.
引文
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