塑性粘结炸药JOB-9003动态特性与本构关系实验研究
摘要
JOB-9003是塑料粘结炸药的一种，在工程上有着重要的应用。在外界作用刺激下，JOB-9003炸药的化爆安全性引起了有关方面的关注。化爆安全性机理的因素分析必然牵涉到材料的本构关系。因此研究JOB-9003的力学性能具有重要意义。
本文采用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)作为加载装置，来研究中低应变率下JOB-9003的力学响应特性。通过改进实验手段，测定了三种不同应变率下较为精确的应力应变曲线。通过对这组应力应变曲线的分析，发现在中低应变率范围内，J-C热塑性本构模型与实验有较大偏差。当将本构模型修改为σ=E_0·(ε-b·ε~n)．(1+c·((?)-(?)))后，计算结果与实验较为符合。
采用电炮装置驱动飞片撞击JOB-9003，使试件处于在高应变率下，用VISAR记录下JOB-9003与LiF窗口界面粒子速度，获得了在相同撞击速度下在试件不同厚度处的速度波剖面。通过对波剖面的分析，发现随着传播距离的增加，波的幅值下降不明显，但波的脉宽有明显下降，以此为基础计算了随着传播距离的波能量沉积率。
在逆向Taylor实验中，使用高速相机来拍下了在极短时间内药柱受到撞击后的一系列变形照片。从对照片的分析中，我们发现在实验过程中在靠近砧板的位置实验试件发生了破碎，并且随着时间的推移，破坏行为加剧。这表明材料力学性能和结构力学性能都受到破碎的影响，变形的趋势也越来越强。
JOB-9003 is one kind of Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX), which is of important applications in industries. Under external stimulations, safety of chemical explosions is determined by the hot spot formation mechanisms, and when probe into the mechanisms of hot spot formation; it has to refer to the constitutive relations of the material. Therefore the study on mechanical behavior of JOB-9003 is very important.
We use SHPB to make the JOB-9003 sample be loaded. Through this SHPB experiment, we study the mechanical response characteristics of JOB-9003 in the middle/low strain-rate. By improving the means in the experiment, we achieve three stress-strain curves in three kinds of strain-rate. After analyzing this serial of stress-strain curves in different strain-rates, we found that the liner relationship between no only compression strength and strain-rate was satisfactory but also the elastic modulus. Usingσ= E_0·(ε-b·ε″)·(1+c·((?)-(?)_0)) as constitutive model, the computational result is more accord with the experimental result.
We use electried gun to fire the fly-plate. The fly-plate is at the so high speed that the sample which is knocked by the fly-plate is definitely in high strain-rate. We use VISAR to record the JOB-9003/LiF interface particle velocity. We achieve a serials of velocity wave profiles in different distance at the same impact velocity. According to the wave profiles which we achieved from the experiment, we calculated the energy-deposit rate with the distance.
In the Reverse Taylor Test, we use high speed camera to get the tube grain deformation process. Bass on the analysis of the photos, we found that the part of specimens near to the anvil has destruction behavior in the experiments. And with time passing, this behavior get exacerbated, therefore structural strength and material strength get decreased, and the deformation get exacerbated.
本文采用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)作为加载装置，来研究中低应变率下JOB-9003的力学响应特性。通过改进实验手段，测定了三种不同应变率下较为精确的应力应变曲线。通过对这组应力应变曲线的分析，发现在中低应变率范围内，J-C热塑性本构模型与实验有较大偏差。当将本构模型修改为σ=E_0·(ε-b·ε~n)．(1+c·((?)-(?)))后，计算结果与实验较为符合。
采用电炮装置驱动飞片撞击JOB-9003，使试件处于在高应变率下，用VISAR记录下JOB-9003与LiF窗口界面粒子速度，获得了在相同撞击速度下在试件不同厚度处的速度波剖面。通过对波剖面的分析，发现随着传播距离的增加，波的幅值下降不明显，但波的脉宽有明显下降，以此为基础计算了随着传播距离的波能量沉积率。
在逆向Taylor实验中，使用高速相机来拍下了在极短时间内药柱受到撞击后的一系列变形照片。从对照片的分析中，我们发现在实验过程中在靠近砧板的位置实验试件发生了破碎，并且随着时间的推移，破坏行为加剧。这表明材料力学性能和结构力学性能都受到破碎的影响，变形的趋势也越来越强。
JOB-9003 is one kind of Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX), which is of important applications in industries. Under external stimulations, safety of chemical explosions is determined by the hot spot formation mechanisms, and when probe into the mechanisms of hot spot formation; it has to refer to the constitutive relations of the material. Therefore the study on mechanical behavior of JOB-9003 is very important.
We use SHPB to make the JOB-9003 sample be loaded. Through this SHPB experiment, we study the mechanical response characteristics of JOB-9003 in the middle/low strain-rate. By improving the means in the experiment, we achieve three stress-strain curves in three kinds of strain-rate. After analyzing this serial of stress-strain curves in different strain-rates, we found that the liner relationship between no only compression strength and strain-rate was satisfactory but also the elastic modulus. Usingσ= E_0·(ε-b·ε″)·(1+c·((?)-(?)_0)) as constitutive model, the computational result is more accord with the experimental result.
We use electried gun to fire the fly-plate. The fly-plate is at the so high speed that the sample which is knocked by the fly-plate is definitely in high strain-rate. We use VISAR to record the JOB-9003/LiF interface particle velocity. We achieve a serials of velocity wave profiles in different distance at the same impact velocity. According to the wave profiles which we achieved from the experiment, we calculated the energy-deposit rate with the distance.
In the Reverse Taylor Test, we use high speed camera to get the tube grain deformation process. Bass on the analysis of the photos, we found that the part of specimens near to the anvil has destruction behavior in the experiments. And with time passing, this behavior get exacerbated, therefore structural strength and material strength get decreased, and the deformation get exacerbated.
引文
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17 E. R. Matheson , J.T. Rosenberg, T.A. Ngo, and G. Butcher. Programmed XDT: A New Technique to Investigate Impact-Induced Delayed Detonation to Investigate Impact-Induced Delayed Detonation, in the Proc. of 11th Symp. on Detonations, p. 163-169 ,Snowmass, Colorado, Aug.30-Sept.4 1998
2 Solov' ev , et al. Some Specific Features of Shock-Wave Initiation of Explosives, Combustion, Explosion, and Waves, Vol. 36, No. 6,2000
3 Robert L. Keefe, Delayed detonation in card gap tests, Proc. of 7th Symp. on Detonation, P265-272,1981
4 Detonation of Explosives in Accidents, E&TR January February 1988
5 R. R. Bernecker,et. al., Prompt and delayed detonation from two-dimensional shock loading, Proc. of 10th Symp. on Detonation, P476-483,I993
6 Vincent M. Boyle et al, Delayed detonation after projectile impact, AD-A273090,Nov. 1993
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8 Conley, P. A., Benson, D. J., An estimate of solid viscosity in HMX, Proc. of 11th Symp. on Detonation, P758-767,1998
9 Olsen, E. M., Rosenberg, J. T., Kawamoto, J. D., Lin, C. F., XDT investiations by computational simulations of mechanical response using a new viscous internal damage model , Proc. of 11th Symp. on Detonation, P170-178,1998
10 Wilson, W. H., Tasker, D.G., Dick, R. D., Lee, R. J., Initiation of explosives under high deformation loading conditions. Proc. of 11th Symp. on Detonation, P565-572,1998
11 Matheson, E. R., Rosenberg, J. T., The role of damage model in delayed detonation of composite energetic materials.
12 E. R. Matheson and J. T. Rosenberg, the role of damage model in delayed detonation of composite energetic materials, Proc. of 12th Symp. on Detonation, 1998
13 Dick, J.J., Stress-strain response of PBX 9501 below 1 gigapascal from embedded magnetic gauge data using lagrangian analysis. CP505, shock compression of condensed matter-1999, edited by M.D.Furnish, L. C Chhabildas, and R. S. Hixson. 683-693
14 Ralph Menikoff and Thomas D.Sewell, Constitute properties of HMX needed for meso-scale simulation, LA-UR-00-3804-rev,March 26,2001
15 董海山, 周芬芬, 高能炸药相关物性能, 科学出版社, 1989
16 Goudrean ,G., Moen,W., Breithaupt,D. Evaluation of mechanical properties of PBXW-113 explosive, UCID-20358,1985
17 Wiegand, D.A. Constant critical strain formechanical failure of several particulate polymer composites explosives and propellant and other explosives, AD-A327298, 1977
18 Palmer S.J, Field J E, Huntley J.M. Deformation, Strengths and Strains to Failure of Polymer Bonded Explosives ,Proc.R.Soc-LOF14,Vol-A440,pg.399, (1993)
19 Rae,P.J. , Goldrein, H.T., Palmer, S.J., Field, J.E., Lewis, A.L., Studies of the failure mechanisms of polymer-bonded explosives by high resolution moire interferometry and environmental scanning electron microscopy, in the Proc. of 1 lth Symp. on detonation, Snowmass, Colorado, 1998, p66-75
20 Gray III G T. Idar D J. Blumenthal W R. Cady C M and Paterson P D. High-and low-strain rate compression properties of several energetic material composites as a function of strain and temperamre,In:11th International Detonation Symposium,Colorado, August 31 through September4,1998:76-84
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