C40商品混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究
|
摘要
混凝土结构在施工中的安全性远低于其在正常使用中的安全性,我国每年都出现了多起严重的混凝土结构坍塌事故,造成了重大人员伤亡和严重不良的社会影响。由于在结构设计中一般只考虑混凝土设计强度指标,而施工中的混凝土材料力学性能远达不到设计强度的各项指标,并且不断发生改变,这种变化对施工中结构的安全性及使用期结构的安全性、耐久性均有重大影响,是施工中结构发生倒塌的重要原因之一。研究混凝土早龄期的力学性能及变化规律有重要的理论意义与工程应用价值。本文以C40商品混凝土材料早龄期试验为基础,研究其力学性能及其变化规律,本文的主要工作如下：
(1)混凝土抗压试验：通过对7个不同龄期的45块试件进行抗压强度试验,得出C40商品混凝土抗压强度随龄期的变化规律；并结合前人进行的试验给出早龄期混凝土强度指标设计方法；根据规范结合试验数据给出3d推定28d强度的拟合公式。
(2)混凝土劈裂试验：通过对7个不同龄期的24块试件进行劈裂试验,得出劈拉强度随龄期发展规律；并对劈拉强度与立方体抗压强度换算给出建议公式。
(3)混凝土弹性模量试验：通过对6个不同龄期的21块试件进行静弹模试验,得出C40商品混凝土弹性模量随龄期的变化规律；并通过试验数据拟合给出弹性模量与立方体抗压强度的建议换算公式。
(4)应力应变全曲线试验：通过对3个不同龄期的9块试件进行单轴受压试验,绘出各龄期试件的应力应变曲线；通过推导与分析,得出C40商品混凝土各龄期的单轴受压本构方程。
通过对C40商品混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究及分析,建立了其抗压强度、劈拉强度、弹性模量及单轴应力应变全曲线的计算公式,并初步得出其力学性能随龄期增长的变化规律,为后期研究混凝土早龄期构件和结构的定量计算与分析提供基础。
The safety of concrete structure in construction is far below it in normal use, every year there have been numerous serious collapse accidents of concrete structures, causing major casualties and severe adverse social effects. The reason of the above facts is that the material mechanical properties of concrete in construction is ever-changing, which have a significant impact on security and durability of structures in construction and usage period. Study on variation of mechanical properties of concrete at early age has important theoretical significance and application value. This paper research on the mechanical properties and its changes on the basis of C40commodity concrete early age test. The main works of this paper are as follows:
(1) Compression test of concrete:come to the law of development of compressive strength with age of C40commodity concrete by compressive strength tests of45test blocks in7different ages; And give the proposal removal time based on predecessors' tests; And give a28d strength fitting formula draw out from3d according to the specifications with test data.
(2) Split test of Concrete: come to the law of development of splitting tensile strength with age by split tests of24test blocks in7different ages. And gives recommended formula of splitting tensile strength and cubic compressive strength.
(3) Elastic modulus test of concrete:come to the law of development of elastic modulus with age of C40commodity concrete by elastic modulus tests of21test blocks in6different ages; And gives advice conversion formulas of elastic modulus and cubic compressive strength.
(4) Stress-strain curves experiment:maps the stress-strain curves of test blocks in different ages by uniaxial compression tests of9test blocks in3different ages. By derivation and analysis, come to the uniaxial compressive stress-strain equation of C40commercial concrete.
Established the calculation formula of compressive strength splitting tensile strength、elastic modulus and uniaxial stress-strain curves through the experimental study and analysis on mechanical properties of C40commercial concrete at early age, and initially concluded the growth of mechanical properties with age, which provide a basis for quantitative calculation and analysis of structure and concrete members at early age.
(1)混凝土抗压试验：通过对7个不同龄期的45块试件进行抗压强度试验,得出C40商品混凝土抗压强度随龄期的变化规律；并结合前人进行的试验给出早龄期混凝土强度指标设计方法；根据规范结合试验数据给出3d推定28d强度的拟合公式。
(2)混凝土劈裂试验：通过对7个不同龄期的24块试件进行劈裂试验,得出劈拉强度随龄期发展规律；并对劈拉强度与立方体抗压强度换算给出建议公式。
(3)混凝土弹性模量试验：通过对6个不同龄期的21块试件进行静弹模试验,得出C40商品混凝土弹性模量随龄期的变化规律；并通过试验数据拟合给出弹性模量与立方体抗压强度的建议换算公式。
(4)应力应变全曲线试验：通过对3个不同龄期的9块试件进行单轴受压试验,绘出各龄期试件的应力应变曲线；通过推导与分析,得出C40商品混凝土各龄期的单轴受压本构方程。
通过对C40商品混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究及分析,建立了其抗压强度、劈拉强度、弹性模量及单轴应力应变全曲线的计算公式,并初步得出其力学性能随龄期增长的变化规律,为后期研究混凝土早龄期构件和结构的定量计算与分析提供基础。
The safety of concrete structure in construction is far below it in normal use, every year there have been numerous serious collapse accidents of concrete structures, causing major casualties and severe adverse social effects. The reason of the above facts is that the material mechanical properties of concrete in construction is ever-changing, which have a significant impact on security and durability of structures in construction and usage period. Study on variation of mechanical properties of concrete at early age has important theoretical significance and application value. This paper research on the mechanical properties and its changes on the basis of C40commodity concrete early age test. The main works of this paper are as follows:
(1) Compression test of concrete:come to the law of development of compressive strength with age of C40commodity concrete by compressive strength tests of45test blocks in7different ages; And give the proposal removal time based on predecessors' tests; And give a28d strength fitting formula draw out from3d according to the specifications with test data.
(2) Split test of Concrete: come to the law of development of splitting tensile strength with age by split tests of24test blocks in7different ages. And gives recommended formula of splitting tensile strength and cubic compressive strength.
(3) Elastic modulus test of concrete:come to the law of development of elastic modulus with age of C40commodity concrete by elastic modulus tests of21test blocks in6different ages; And gives advice conversion formulas of elastic modulus and cubic compressive strength.
(4) Stress-strain curves experiment:maps the stress-strain curves of test blocks in different ages by uniaxial compression tests of9test blocks in3different ages. By derivation and analysis, come to the uniaxial compressive stress-strain equation of C40commercial concrete.
Established the calculation formula of compressive strength splitting tensile strength、elastic modulus and uniaxial stress-strain curves through the experimental study and analysis on mechanical properties of C40commercial concrete at early age, and initially concluded the growth of mechanical properties with age, which provide a basis for quantitative calculation and analysis of structure and concrete members at early age.
引文
[1]“中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部”网站
[2]袁勇,混凝土结构早期裂缝控制[M],北京,科学出版社,2004.4
[3]金贤玉,沈毅,李宗津,王荣富.早龄期混凝土受力对后期性能的影响.混凝土,2003,(7)：35-37。
[4]Lew, H. S.; Reichard, T. W., "Mechanical Properties of Concrete at Early Ages", Journal of the American Concrete Institute, V 75, No.10, Oct. 1978, pp.533-542.
[5]Gardner, N.J., "Effect of Temperature on the Early-Age Properties of Type I, Type III, andType I/Fly Ash Concretes", ACI Materials Journal (American Concrete Institute), V 87, No.1, Jan.-Feb.1990, pp.68-78.
[6]Arshad A. Khan, William D. Cook, and Denis Mitchell, "Early Age Compressive Stress-Strain Properties of Low-, Medium-, and High-Strength Concretes", ACI Materials Journal, V.92, No.6, November-December, 1995, pp.617-62
[7]Kovler, K., "Testing System for Determining the Mechanical Behaviour of Early Age Concrete under Restrained and Free Uniaxial Shrinkage", Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, V.27, No.170, Jul.1994, pp.324-330.
[8]ICanstad, T. Hammer, T A. Bjontega and 0. Sellevold, E]."Mechanical properties of young concrete" Materials&Structures. v 36 n 258 May 2003. pp 226-230.
[9]Yuan, Y. Wan, ZL, "Prediction of cracking within early—age concrete due to thermal, drying and creep behavior, "Cement & concrete Research, V.32, No.7, Jul.2002, pp.1053-1059
[10]Liu, J. Zhao, G F, "Study of shrinkage performance of adherence of young on old concrete, "Dalian Li gong Daxue Xuebao/journal of Dalian University of Technology, V.41, No.3, May 2001, pp.339-342
[11]Nagy, Agnes., "Determination of E-modulus of young concrete with nondestructive method", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, v 9 n 1 Feb 1997. pp 15-20.
[12]Yan-Zhou, Niu; Chuan-Lin, Tu; Liang, R. Y; Shui-Wen, Zhang, "Modeling of Thermomechanical Damage of Early-Age Concrete", International Journal of Rock Mechanic and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 32, Issue: 6, September, 1995, pp.267A.
[13]Kahouadji, A. Clastres, P. Debicki, G. "Early-age compressive strength prediction of concrete application on a construction site", Construction&Building Materials, v 11 n 7-8 Oct-Dec 1997. pp 431-436.
[14]Legrand, C. Wirquin, E. "Influence of superplasticizer dosage on the quantity of hydrates needed to obtain a given strength for very young concrete", Materials&Structures. v 27 n 167 Apr 1994. pp 135-137.
[15]Legrand, C. Wirquin, E. "Study of the strength of very young concrete as a function of the amount of hydrates formed — influence of superplasticizer", Materials&Structures. v 27 n 166 Mar 1994. pp 106-109.
[16]H.S.Lew, T.W.Reichard.Mechanical properties of concrete at early ages.ACI. J.75(10) (1978)533-542
[17]Jin-Kima,Sang Hua, YoungChual Songc.Effect of temperature and aging on the mechanical peoperties of concrete Part I.Experimental results.Cement and Concrete Research.32(2002) 1087-1094
[18]Jin-Kima,Sang Hua,YoungChual Songc.Effect of temperature and aging on the mechanical peoperties of concrete Part II.Prediction Model.Cement and Concrete Research. 32(2002) 1095-1100
[19]卢文波,陈明.国外混凝土早期强度以及各强度参数间关系研究综述[J].湖北水力发电,2003,(2):42-45
[20]金南国,金贤玉,郑砚国,荒牧军治.早龄期混凝土断裂性能和微观结构的试验研究.浙江大学学报,2005,39(9)：1374-1377.
[21]侯景鹏,黄玉林,袁勇.高性能混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究[J].混凝土,2010(10):63-64，72
[22]李晓芬,马文亮,裴松伟,孙少楠,商品混凝土早龄期抗压强度的试验研究[J],中原工学院学报,2006(4):59-61,71
[23]李晓芬,刘伟,孙少楠,商品混凝土早龄期受拉强度的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2006(6):77-80，87
[24]张健仁,王海臣,杨伟军.混凝土早期抗压强度和弹性模量的试验研究.中外公路,2003,(3)：89-92
[25]方光秀,李发千.混凝土成熟度新论及新成熟度准则应用[J].低温建筑技术,2002,(2):2-4.
[26]刘西拉.结构工程学科的现状与展望[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1997.
[27]张勇强,林皋,阎东明.混凝士早期强度的试验研究.沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2003,19(2):85-89。
[28]王铁梦.钢筋混凝土结构的裂缝控制.混凝土,2000,(5):3-6。
[29]张麒.混凝土早期损伤数值分析.同济大学硕十学位论文.2008.3
[30]赵桂祥.自密实混凝土早期性能研究.同济大学硕士学位论文.2005.12
[31]李晓芬.早龄期商品混凝土力学性能的试验研究.郑州大学硕十学位论文.2005.4
[32]刘宏伟.早龄期混凝土弹性模量无损检测.河海大学硕十学位论文.2006.5
[33]中华人民共和国建设部.GB/T50081-2002普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准,北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[34]项翥行.成熟度研究[J].混凝土(J),1990(6)：14-25
[35]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ104-2011建筑工程冬期施工规程,北京：中国建筑L业出版社,2011
[36]混凝土结构,上册混凝土结构设计原理[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2005
[37]沈毅.早龄期混凝土若干性能的研究：(硕十学位论文)浙江大学建筑工程学院,2004
[38]程多松、尚建丽等.轻集料混凝土早期强度预测的试验研究[J].混凝土,2007(1).
[39]谢军.早龄期混凝士强度和变形特性的试验分析[J].低温建筑技术,2011(6):1921
[40]程多松.双掺轻集料混凝土力学性能的试验研究[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学,2006
[41]罗才毅.不同掺合料混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2002
[42]王福川.土木工程材料[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2001.
[43]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ15—83早期推定混凝土强度试验方法[8].1983
[44]中国建筑科学研究院主编.GB50010-2002混凝土结构设计规范.北京：中国建筑工业出版衬,2002
[45]李家康,王巍,高强混凝土的几个基本力学指标[J],工业建筑,1997(8):50-54
[46]余志武,丁发兴,混凝土受压力学性能统一计算方法[J],建筑结构学报,2003,24(4):41-46
[47]混凝土基本力学性能研究组,混凝土的几个基本力学指标.国家建委建筑科学研究院主编。钢筋混凝土结构研究报告选集.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1977.21-36
[48]曾志兴,陈本沛.砼变形模量计算方法[J].福州大学学报,1996,24(增刊)：93-96
[49]城乡建设环境保护部.GBJ10-89普通混凝土力学性能试验方法.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1990
[50]朱伯芳.混凝土的弹性模量、徐变度与应力松弛系数[C].水工结构与固体力学论文集(朱伯芳论文集),水利电力出版社,1988.
[51]杨宗放,郭正兴.高层建筑施工中的荷载传递与支模层数研究[J].施工技术,1988(1):20-26
[52]林星平.混凝土弹性模量及徐变度的计算[J].云南水利发电,1999(4):15-18
[53]欧阳东,余斌,超高强混凝土基本力学性能的研究,重庆建筑大学学报,2003(4)3842
[54]李杰,任晓丹,杨卫忠,混凝土二维本构关系试验研究,土木工程学报,2007(4)：6-12
[55]景林海,夏祖讽,洪善桃,混凝土的本构关系及其应用,结构工程师,2004(6):20-24
[56]刘丹.生态节能复合墙材料力学性能试验研究：[硕士学位论文].北京：北京交通大学,2010
[57]张伟,李庆斌,郝军保,张富德.应变控制加载下砼本构关系的试验研究[J].工程力学增刊,1997；129-133
[58]过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理与分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社2003
[59]黄玉华,刘松.混凝土成熟度的原理与应用[J]国外建材科技,2004,6(25):14
[60]“百度百科-有限单元法”网站
[2]袁勇,混凝土结构早期裂缝控制[M],北京,科学出版社,2004.4
[3]金贤玉,沈毅,李宗津,王荣富.早龄期混凝土受力对后期性能的影响.混凝土,2003,(7)：35-37。
[4]Lew, H. S.; Reichard, T. W., "Mechanical Properties of Concrete at Early Ages", Journal of the American Concrete Institute, V 75, No.10, Oct. 1978, pp.533-542.
[5]Gardner, N.J., "Effect of Temperature on the Early-Age Properties of Type I, Type III, andType I/Fly Ash Concretes", ACI Materials Journal (American Concrete Institute), V 87, No.1, Jan.-Feb.1990, pp.68-78.
[6]Arshad A. Khan, William D. Cook, and Denis Mitchell, "Early Age Compressive Stress-Strain Properties of Low-, Medium-, and High-Strength Concretes", ACI Materials Journal, V.92, No.6, November-December, 1995, pp.617-62
[7]Kovler, K., "Testing System for Determining the Mechanical Behaviour of Early Age Concrete under Restrained and Free Uniaxial Shrinkage", Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, V.27, No.170, Jul.1994, pp.324-330.
[8]ICanstad, T. Hammer, T A. Bjontega and 0. Sellevold, E]."Mechanical properties of young concrete" Materials&Structures. v 36 n 258 May 2003. pp 226-230.
[9]Yuan, Y. Wan, ZL, "Prediction of cracking within early—age concrete due to thermal, drying and creep behavior, "Cement & concrete Research, V.32, No.7, Jul.2002, pp.1053-1059
[10]Liu, J. Zhao, G F, "Study of shrinkage performance of adherence of young on old concrete, "Dalian Li gong Daxue Xuebao/journal of Dalian University of Technology, V.41, No.3, May 2001, pp.339-342
[11]Nagy, Agnes., "Determination of E-modulus of young concrete with nondestructive method", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, v 9 n 1 Feb 1997. pp 15-20.
[12]Yan-Zhou, Niu; Chuan-Lin, Tu; Liang, R. Y; Shui-Wen, Zhang, "Modeling of Thermomechanical Damage of Early-Age Concrete", International Journal of Rock Mechanic and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 32, Issue: 6, September, 1995, pp.267A.
[13]Kahouadji, A. Clastres, P. Debicki, G. "Early-age compressive strength prediction of concrete application on a construction site", Construction&Building Materials, v 11 n 7-8 Oct-Dec 1997. pp 431-436.
[14]Legrand, C. Wirquin, E. "Influence of superplasticizer dosage on the quantity of hydrates needed to obtain a given strength for very young concrete", Materials&Structures. v 27 n 167 Apr 1994. pp 135-137.
[15]Legrand, C. Wirquin, E. "Study of the strength of very young concrete as a function of the amount of hydrates formed — influence of superplasticizer", Materials&Structures. v 27 n 166 Mar 1994. pp 106-109.
[16]H.S.Lew, T.W.Reichard.Mechanical properties of concrete at early ages.ACI. J.75(10) (1978)533-542
[17]Jin-Kima,Sang Hua, YoungChual Songc.Effect of temperature and aging on the mechanical peoperties of concrete Part I.Experimental results.Cement and Concrete Research.32(2002) 1087-1094
[18]Jin-Kima,Sang Hua,YoungChual Songc.Effect of temperature and aging on the mechanical peoperties of concrete Part II.Prediction Model.Cement and Concrete Research. 32(2002) 1095-1100
[19]卢文波,陈明.国外混凝土早期强度以及各强度参数间关系研究综述[J].湖北水力发电,2003,(2):42-45
[20]金南国,金贤玉,郑砚国,荒牧军治.早龄期混凝土断裂性能和微观结构的试验研究.浙江大学学报,2005,39(9)：1374-1377.
[21]侯景鹏,黄玉林,袁勇.高性能混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究[J].混凝土,2010(10):63-64，72
[22]李晓芬,马文亮,裴松伟,孙少楠,商品混凝土早龄期抗压强度的试验研究[J],中原工学院学报,2006(4):59-61,71
[23]李晓芬,刘伟,孙少楠,商品混凝土早龄期受拉强度的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2006(6):77-80，87
[24]张健仁,王海臣,杨伟军.混凝土早期抗压强度和弹性模量的试验研究.中外公路,2003,(3)：89-92
[25]方光秀,李发千.混凝土成熟度新论及新成熟度准则应用[J].低温建筑技术,2002,(2):2-4.
[26]刘西拉.结构工程学科的现状与展望[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1997.
[27]张勇强,林皋,阎东明.混凝士早期强度的试验研究.沈阳建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2003,19(2):85-89。
[28]王铁梦.钢筋混凝土结构的裂缝控制.混凝土,2000,(5):3-6。
[29]张麒.混凝土早期损伤数值分析.同济大学硕十学位论文.2008.3
[30]赵桂祥.自密实混凝土早期性能研究.同济大学硕士学位论文.2005.12
[31]李晓芬.早龄期商品混凝土力学性能的试验研究.郑州大学硕十学位论文.2005.4
[32]刘宏伟.早龄期混凝土弹性模量无损检测.河海大学硕十学位论文.2006.5
[33]中华人民共和国建设部.GB/T50081-2002普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准,北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[34]项翥行.成熟度研究[J].混凝土(J),1990(6)：14-25
[35]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.JGJ104-2011建筑工程冬期施工规程,北京：中国建筑L业出版社,2011
[36]混凝土结构,上册混凝土结构设计原理[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2005
[37]沈毅.早龄期混凝土若干性能的研究：(硕十学位论文)浙江大学建筑工程学院,2004
[38]程多松、尚建丽等.轻集料混凝土早期强度预测的试验研究[J].混凝土,2007(1).
[39]谢军.早龄期混凝士强度和变形特性的试验分析[J].低温建筑技术,2011(6):1921
[40]程多松.双掺轻集料混凝土力学性能的试验研究[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学,2006
[41]罗才毅.不同掺合料混凝土早龄期力学性能试验研究[D].浙江：浙江大学,2002
[42]王福川.土木工程材料[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2001.
[43]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ15—83早期推定混凝土强度试验方法[8].1983
[44]中国建筑科学研究院主编.GB50010-2002混凝土结构设计规范.北京：中国建筑工业出版衬,2002
[45]李家康,王巍,高强混凝土的几个基本力学指标[J],工业建筑,1997(8):50-54
[46]余志武,丁发兴,混凝土受压力学性能统一计算方法[J],建筑结构学报,2003,24(4):41-46
[47]混凝土基本力学性能研究组,混凝土的几个基本力学指标.国家建委建筑科学研究院主编。钢筋混凝土结构研究报告选集.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1977.21-36
[48]曾志兴,陈本沛.砼变形模量计算方法[J].福州大学学报,1996,24(增刊)：93-96
[49]城乡建设环境保护部.GBJ10-89普通混凝土力学性能试验方法.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1990
[50]朱伯芳.混凝土的弹性模量、徐变度与应力松弛系数[C].水工结构与固体力学论文集(朱伯芳论文集),水利电力出版社,1988.
[51]杨宗放,郭正兴.高层建筑施工中的荷载传递与支模层数研究[J].施工技术,1988(1):20-26
[52]林星平.混凝土弹性模量及徐变度的计算[J].云南水利发电,1999(4):15-18
[53]欧阳东,余斌,超高强混凝土基本力学性能的研究,重庆建筑大学学报,2003(4)3842
[54]李杰,任晓丹,杨卫忠,混凝土二维本构关系试验研究,土木工程学报,2007(4)：6-12
[55]景林海,夏祖讽,洪善桃,混凝土的本构关系及其应用,结构工程师,2004(6):20-24
[56]刘丹.生态节能复合墙材料力学性能试验研究：[硕士学位论文].北京：北京交通大学,2010
[57]张伟,李庆斌,郝军保,张富德.应变控制加载下砼本构关系的试验研究[J].工程力学增刊,1997；129-133
[58]过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理与分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社2003
[59]黄玉华,刘松.混凝土成熟度的原理与应用[J]国外建材科技,2004,6(25):14
[60]“百度百科-有限单元法”网站