快速康复外科理念在胆道探查术围手术期的应用分析
摘要
引文
[1]Wilmore DW, KehletH. Management of patients in fast track surgery [J]. BMJ, 2001,322(7284):473-476.
[2]Nygren J, Hausel J, Kehlet H,et al.A comparison in five European centers of case mix, clinical management and outcome following either conventional or fast-track perioperative care in colorectal surgery[J].Clin Nutr,2005,24(3):455-461.
[3]Schwenk W,Gunther N,Wending P,et al."Fast-track" rehabilitation for elective colonic surgery in Germany-prospective observational data from a multi-centre quality assurance programmed [J].Int J Colorectal Dis,2007,18(4):227-231.
[4]Wichmann MW, Eben R, Angele MK, et al.Fast-track rehabilitation in elective colorectal surgery patients:a prospective clinical and immunological single-centre study [J].ANZ J Surg,2007,77(7):502-507.
[5]Jakobsen D H, Sonne E, Andreasen J et al Convalescence after colonic surgery with fast-track vs. conventional care (J).Colorectal Dis,2006,8(6):683-687.
[6]Egbert LD, BantGE,Welch CE, et a.l Reduction of post operative pain by encouragement and instruction of patients. N Engl JMed,2004,20(7):824-827.
[7]Sessler DI. Mild perioperative hypothermia [J]. N Engl JMed,1997,336(24): 1730-1737.
[8]RodgersA,WalkerN, Schug S, et a.l Reduction of post-operative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia:results from an overview of randomized trials[J]. BMJ,2000,12(1):1487-1493.
[9]Lewis SJ, EggerM, Sylvester PA, et al. Early external feeding versus nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systemic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials [J].BMJ,2001,323(7316):773-776.
[10]Mattei P,Rombeau J. Review of the pathophysiology and management of postoperative ileus[J].World Surg.2006,391(5):495-498.
[11]Schmidt M, Lindenauer PK, Fitzgerald JL, et a.l Forecasting the impact of a clinical practice guideline for perioperative beta-blockers to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality[J].Arch InternMed,2002,162(1):63-69.
[12]倪世宁,顾英霞,刘倩琦,等.应激状态下危重症患儿胰岛素功能及胰岛抵抗指数的变化[J].实用儿科临床杂志,2005,20(6)159-165.
[13]李利阳,朱本章,李筠,等.焦虑情绪障碍对胰岛素抵抗的影响[J]中国内分泌杂志2004,27(7)135-139.
[14]李艳华,程黎阳,谢正勇,等.快速康复外科新理念在结直肠手术中的应[J].中国现代普通外科进展,2009,12(5)405-408.
[15]Kehlt H,Wilmore DW.Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome(J) Am J Surg.2002,18(3):630-641.
[16]Kehlet H, Dahl JB. Anaesthesia, surgery and challenges in postoperative recovery.Lancet,2003,36(2):1921-1928.
[17]DiFronzo LA,Yamin N, PatelK, et a.l Benefits of early feeding andearly hospital discharge in elderly patients undergoing open colon resection. Jam Coll Surg, 2003,19(7):747-752.
[18]Jakobsen D H, Sonne E, Andreasen J et al Convalescence after colonic surgery with fast-track vs. conventional care (J).Colorectal Dis,2006,8(6):683-687.
[19]刘俊,夏强.胃癌术后膳食纤维和早期肠内营养与消化道并发症的关系[J].中华胃肠外科杂志,2005,8(3)：223-225.
[20]许剑民,何连齐,吴新华,等.胃肠道肿瘤患者术前肠内免疫营养支持[J].中华消化杂志,2005,25(1)：19-22。
[21]LewisSJ, EggerM, SylvesterPA, eta.l Early enteral feeding versus'nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials [J]. BMJ,2001,323(7316):773-776.
[22]Zhou T,Ting W X,Jiang Y,et al.Early removing gastrointestinadecompression and early oral feeding improve patients'rehabilitation after color ectostomy[J].World J Gast roenterol,2006,12(15)2459-2463.
[23]唐才喜,冯斌,赵志坚,等.腹腔镜在再次胆道手术中应用的技巧探讨[J].中国微创外科杂志,2008,14(12)：1319-1321.
[24]唐才喜,周伦祥,赵志坚,等.腹腔镜再次胆道手术技巧—缝针穿刺切开胆管法[J].中国普通外科杂志,2009,18(8)753-763.
[25]尹思能,马海,李清亮,等.腹腔镜胆总管探查胆管一期附302例临床分析[J].腹腔镜外科杂志,2001,6(4)：205-207.
[1]BasseL,RaskovHH, JacobsenDH, eta.l Accelerated postoperative recovery program after colonic resection improves physicaperformance,pulmonary function and body composition[J]. BJ Surg,2002,89(4):446-453.
[2]Agrawal D.Manzi SF, Gupta R,et al. Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children undergoing procedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department (J).Ann Emerg. Med.2003,42:636-646.
[3]Wilmore DW. Kehlet H. Management of patients in fast surgery track. [J]BMJ,2001, 332(7284):473-476.
[4]KehletH,W ilmore DW.Multi-modal strategies to improve surgical outcome.Am J Surg,2002, 183:630-641.
[5]McNelis J, Matini C P, Jurkiewicz A, et al. Predictive factors associated with development of abdominal compartrnattsyndtarte in the surgical intensive care unit[J]. Arch sung,2002, 137:133.
[6]吴慧芬,叶淑敏,围手术期患者的心理护理J。实用临床医学,2002,3(1)
[7]李心天.临床心理学M.北京：人民卫生出版社,2001：56.
[8]Garcia-Miguel FG, Serano-Aguilar PG, Lopez-Bastida J.Preoperative assessment(J). The Lancet,2003,362(9397):1749.
[9]Philips S,Daborn AK,Hatch DJ.Preoperative fasting for paediatric anesthesia (J). British Journal of Anesthesia,1994,73(4):529-536
[10]Jeannette TC.Elizabeth HW. Preoperative fasting:Old habits die hard (J).The American Journal of Nursing,2002,102(5):36-43.
[11]Ljungqvist O. To fast or not to fast? Metabolic preparation for elective surgery [J].Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition,2004,48(2):77-86
[12]Moro, Eduaro T. Prevention of pulmonary gastric contents aspiration (J).Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia,2004,54(2):261-275.
[13]Agrawal D,Manzi SF,Gupta R,et al.Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children undergoing procedural sedation and analgesiain a pediatric emergency department[J].Ann EmergMed,2003,42:636-646
[14]American society of anesthesiologists task force on preoperative fasting. Practice guideline for preoperative fasting and use of pharmacology agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration:application to health patients undergoing elective procedures (J). Anesthesiology,1999,90:896-905.
[15]Glenn SM, Hak YW. The effect of a new NPO policy on operating room utilization (J).Journal of Clinical Anesthesia,2000,12(2):48-51.
[16]Bucher p, Gervaz P, Soravia C,et al.Randomized clinical trial of mechanical bowel preparation before elective left-sided colorectal surgery(J).Br J Surg,2005,92(4):409-414.
[17]Slim K,Vicaut E,Panis Y,et al.Metaanalysis of randomized clin-icaltrials of colorectal surgery with or without mechanical bowel preparation[J].Br J Surg,2004,91:1125-1130
[18]BasseL,RaskovHH, JacobsenDH, eta.l Accelerated postoperative recovery program after colonic resection improves physic performance, pulmonary function and body composition[J]. BJ Surg,2002,89(4):446-453.
[19]RodgersA,WalkerN, Schug S, et a.l Reduction of post-operative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia:results from an overview of randomized trials[J]. BMJ, 2000,321(7275):1493.
[20]Lacy AM,Garcia-Valdecasas JC,Delgado S,et al.La-paroscopy-assisted colectomy versus open colectomy for treatment of non-metastatic coloncancer:arandomisedtrial[J].Lancet,2002,359(9325):2224-2229.
[21]Scheidbach H,Schneider C,Hugel O,et al.On cological quality and preliminary long-term results in laparoscopic colorectal surgery[J].Surg Endosc,2003,17(6):903-9010.
[22]Brandstrup B. Fluid therapy for the surgical patient(J).Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesia,2006,20(2):265-83.
[23]Sessler DI. Mild perioperative hypothermia (J).N Engl J Med,1997.336(24)1730-1737.
[24]HenriksenMG, JensenMB,HansenHV, et a.l Enforced mobilization, early oral feeding and balanced analgesia improve convalescence after colorectal surgery[J]. Nutrition,2002, 18(2):147-152.
[25]Basse L, Madsen L, KehletH.Normal gastrointestinal transit after colonic resection using epidural analgesia, enforced oral nutrition and laxative [J]. Br JSurg,2001,88(11): 1498-1500.
[26]Arieff A I. Fatal postoperative pulmonary edema:Pathogene-sis and literature review [J].Chest.1999,115:1371.
[27]Moller A M, Pederxn T, Svenden P-E, et al. Perioperativerisk factors in elective pneutnonectomy.The impact of excess fluid balance[J]. Eur J Anaesthesiol,2002.19:57.
[28]McNelis J, Matini C P, Jurkiewicz A, et al. Predictive fac-tons associated with development of abdominal oompartrnattsyndtartein the surgical intensive care unit[J]. Arch sung, 2002,137:133.
[29]Kits T, Mammoto T, Kishi Y. Fluid management and post-operative respiratory disturbances in patients with tnuistho-rack esophagectomy for carcinana[J].Clin Anesth,2002,14; 252.
[30]Lobo D N, Bostock K A, Neal K R, et al. Effect of salt and water balance on recovery of gastrointestinal function afterelective wlortic resection:A randomized controlled trial [J].Lancet,2002,359:1812.
[31]Brandstrup B. Fluid therapy for the surgical patient[J]. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2006,20(2):265-283
[32]Kehlet H,Dahl J B.Anaesthesia, surgery and challenges in postoperative recovery(J).Lancet,2003,362(9399):1921-1928
[33]江志伟,黎介寿,汪志明,等.快速康复外科用于直肠癌前切除病人价值探讨[J].中国实用外科杂志,2008,28(1)：59-61
[34]Wilmore DW. Kehlet H. Management of patients in fast surgery track.. [J]BMJ,2001,332(7284):473-476.
[35]李丽邱海燕,王志红,等,肝脏手术后早期拔除胃管的观察[J]。护士进修杂志,2006,21(8)：748-749
[36]Mattei P,Rombeau J. Review of the pathophysiology and management of postoperative ileus[J].World Surg.2006,391(5):495-498
[37]SchmidtM, Lindenauer PK, Fitzgerald JL, et a.l Forecasting the impact of a clinical practice guideline for perioperative beta-blockers to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality[J].Arch InternMed,2002,162(1):63-69.
[38]Ramirez RJ,Wolf SE, Barrow RE, et a:l Growth hormone treatment in pediatric burns:a safe therapeutic approach[J]. Ann Surg,1998,228(4):439-448.
[39]Van den Berghe G,WoutersP,WeekersF, eta.l Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345(19):1359-1367.
[40]Van derLely AJ, Lamberts SW, Jauch KW, et a.l Use of human GH in elderly patientswith accidentalhip fracture[J].Eur JEn-docrino,l 2000,143(5):585-592.
[41]Takala J, Ruokonen E,WebsterNR, et a.l Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adult[J].N Engl JMed,1999,341(11):785-792.
[42]Raguso CA,Genton L, Pichard C.Growth hormone (rhGH) administration to ICU patients:a literature survey[J]. Clin Nutr,2001,20(1):16-18.
[43]LjungqvistO,Nygren J, ThorellA. Insulin resistance and elective surgery[J]. Surgery,2001, 128(5):757-760.
[44]TaguchiA, SharmaN, Saleem RM, et a.l Selective postoperativinhibition of gastrointestinal opioid receptors[J]. N EnglMed,2001,345(13):935-940.
[45]Jin F,ChungF.Multi-modal analgesia for postoperative pain control[J]. JClin Anesth,2001, 13(7):524-539.
[46]LewisSJ,EggerM, SylvesterPA, eta.l Early enteral feeding versus'nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials[J]. BMJ, 2001,323(7316):773-776.
[47]Zhou T,Ting W X,Jiang Y,et al.Early removing gastrointestinade compression and early oral feeding improve patients'rehabilitation after color ectostomy [J].World J Gast roenterol,2006,12(15)2459-2463
[2]Nygren J, Hausel J, Kehlet H,et al.A comparison in five European centers of case mix, clinical management and outcome following either conventional or fast-track perioperative care in colorectal surgery[J].Clin Nutr,2005,24(3):455-461.
[3]Schwenk W,Gunther N,Wending P,et al."Fast-track" rehabilitation for elective colonic surgery in Germany-prospective observational data from a multi-centre quality assurance programmed [J].Int J Colorectal Dis,2007,18(4):227-231.
[4]Wichmann MW, Eben R, Angele MK, et al.Fast-track rehabilitation in elective colorectal surgery patients:a prospective clinical and immunological single-centre study [J].ANZ J Surg,2007,77(7):502-507.
[5]Jakobsen D H, Sonne E, Andreasen J et al Convalescence after colonic surgery with fast-track vs. conventional care (J).Colorectal Dis,2006,8(6):683-687.
[6]Egbert LD, BantGE,Welch CE, et a.l Reduction of post operative pain by encouragement and instruction of patients. N Engl JMed,2004,20(7):824-827.
[7]Sessler DI. Mild perioperative hypothermia [J]. N Engl JMed,1997,336(24): 1730-1737.
[8]RodgersA,WalkerN, Schug S, et a.l Reduction of post-operative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia:results from an overview of randomized trials[J]. BMJ,2000,12(1):1487-1493.
[9]Lewis SJ, EggerM, Sylvester PA, et al. Early external feeding versus nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systemic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials [J].BMJ,2001,323(7316):773-776.
[10]Mattei P,Rombeau J. Review of the pathophysiology and management of postoperative ileus[J].World Surg.2006,391(5):495-498.
[11]Schmidt M, Lindenauer PK, Fitzgerald JL, et a.l Forecasting the impact of a clinical practice guideline for perioperative beta-blockers to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality[J].Arch InternMed,2002,162(1):63-69.
[12]倪世宁,顾英霞,刘倩琦,等.应激状态下危重症患儿胰岛素功能及胰岛抵抗指数的变化[J].实用儿科临床杂志,2005,20(6)159-165.
[13]李利阳,朱本章,李筠,等.焦虑情绪障碍对胰岛素抵抗的影响[J]中国内分泌杂志2004,27(7)135-139.
[14]李艳华,程黎阳,谢正勇,等.快速康复外科新理念在结直肠手术中的应[J].中国现代普通外科进展,2009,12(5)405-408.
[15]Kehlt H,Wilmore DW.Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome(J) Am J Surg.2002,18(3):630-641.
[16]Kehlet H, Dahl JB. Anaesthesia, surgery and challenges in postoperative recovery.Lancet,2003,36(2):1921-1928.
[17]DiFronzo LA,Yamin N, PatelK, et a.l Benefits of early feeding andearly hospital discharge in elderly patients undergoing open colon resection. Jam Coll Surg, 2003,19(7):747-752.
[18]Jakobsen D H, Sonne E, Andreasen J et al Convalescence after colonic surgery with fast-track vs. conventional care (J).Colorectal Dis,2006,8(6):683-687.
[19]刘俊,夏强.胃癌术后膳食纤维和早期肠内营养与消化道并发症的关系[J].中华胃肠外科杂志,2005,8(3)：223-225.
[20]许剑民,何连齐,吴新华,等.胃肠道肿瘤患者术前肠内免疫营养支持[J].中华消化杂志,2005,25(1)：19-22。
[21]LewisSJ, EggerM, SylvesterPA, eta.l Early enteral feeding versus'nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials [J]. BMJ,2001,323(7316):773-776.
[22]Zhou T,Ting W X,Jiang Y,et al.Early removing gastrointestinadecompression and early oral feeding improve patients'rehabilitation after color ectostomy[J].World J Gast roenterol,2006,12(15)2459-2463.
[23]唐才喜,冯斌,赵志坚,等.腹腔镜在再次胆道手术中应用的技巧探讨[J].中国微创外科杂志,2008,14(12)：1319-1321.
[24]唐才喜,周伦祥,赵志坚,等.腹腔镜再次胆道手术技巧—缝针穿刺切开胆管法[J].中国普通外科杂志,2009,18(8)753-763.
[25]尹思能,马海,李清亮,等.腹腔镜胆总管探查胆管一期附302例临床分析[J].腹腔镜外科杂志,2001,6(4)：205-207.
[1]BasseL,RaskovHH, JacobsenDH, eta.l Accelerated postoperative recovery program after colonic resection improves physicaperformance,pulmonary function and body composition[J]. BJ Surg,2002,89(4):446-453.
[2]Agrawal D.Manzi SF, Gupta R,et al. Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children undergoing procedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department (J).Ann Emerg. Med.2003,42:636-646.
[3]Wilmore DW. Kehlet H. Management of patients in fast surgery track. [J]BMJ,2001, 332(7284):473-476.
[4]KehletH,W ilmore DW.Multi-modal strategies to improve surgical outcome.Am J Surg,2002, 183:630-641.
[5]McNelis J, Matini C P, Jurkiewicz A, et al. Predictive factors associated with development of abdominal compartrnattsyndtarte in the surgical intensive care unit[J]. Arch sung,2002, 137:133.
[6]吴慧芬,叶淑敏,围手术期患者的心理护理J。实用临床医学,2002,3(1)
[7]李心天.临床心理学M.北京：人民卫生出版社,2001：56.
[8]Garcia-Miguel FG, Serano-Aguilar PG, Lopez-Bastida J.Preoperative assessment(J). The Lancet,2003,362(9397):1749.
[9]Philips S,Daborn AK,Hatch DJ.Preoperative fasting for paediatric anesthesia (J). British Journal of Anesthesia,1994,73(4):529-536
[10]Jeannette TC.Elizabeth HW. Preoperative fasting:Old habits die hard (J).The American Journal of Nursing,2002,102(5):36-43.
[11]Ljungqvist O. To fast or not to fast? Metabolic preparation for elective surgery [J].Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition,2004,48(2):77-86
[12]Moro, Eduaro T. Prevention of pulmonary gastric contents aspiration (J).Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia,2004,54(2):261-275.
[13]Agrawal D,Manzi SF,Gupta R,et al.Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children undergoing procedural sedation and analgesiain a pediatric emergency department[J].Ann EmergMed,2003,42:636-646
[14]American society of anesthesiologists task force on preoperative fasting. Practice guideline for preoperative fasting and use of pharmacology agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration:application to health patients undergoing elective procedures (J). Anesthesiology,1999,90:896-905.
[15]Glenn SM, Hak YW. The effect of a new NPO policy on operating room utilization (J).Journal of Clinical Anesthesia,2000,12(2):48-51.
[16]Bucher p, Gervaz P, Soravia C,et al.Randomized clinical trial of mechanical bowel preparation before elective left-sided colorectal surgery(J).Br J Surg,2005,92(4):409-414.
[17]Slim K,Vicaut E,Panis Y,et al.Metaanalysis of randomized clin-icaltrials of colorectal surgery with or without mechanical bowel preparation[J].Br J Surg,2004,91:1125-1130
[18]BasseL,RaskovHH, JacobsenDH, eta.l Accelerated postoperative recovery program after colonic resection improves physic performance, pulmonary function and body composition[J]. BJ Surg,2002,89(4):446-453.
[19]RodgersA,WalkerN, Schug S, et a.l Reduction of post-operative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia:results from an overview of randomized trials[J]. BMJ, 2000,321(7275):1493.
[20]Lacy AM,Garcia-Valdecasas JC,Delgado S,et al.La-paroscopy-assisted colectomy versus open colectomy for treatment of non-metastatic coloncancer:arandomisedtrial[J].Lancet,2002,359(9325):2224-2229.
[21]Scheidbach H,Schneider C,Hugel O,et al.On cological quality and preliminary long-term results in laparoscopic colorectal surgery[J].Surg Endosc,2003,17(6):903-9010.
[22]Brandstrup B. Fluid therapy for the surgical patient(J).Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesia,2006,20(2):265-83.
[23]Sessler DI. Mild perioperative hypothermia (J).N Engl J Med,1997.336(24)1730-1737.
[24]HenriksenMG, JensenMB,HansenHV, et a.l Enforced mobilization, early oral feeding and balanced analgesia improve convalescence after colorectal surgery[J]. Nutrition,2002, 18(2):147-152.
[25]Basse L, Madsen L, KehletH.Normal gastrointestinal transit after colonic resection using epidural analgesia, enforced oral nutrition and laxative [J]. Br JSurg,2001,88(11): 1498-1500.
[26]Arieff A I. Fatal postoperative pulmonary edema:Pathogene-sis and literature review [J].Chest.1999,115:1371.
[27]Moller A M, Pederxn T, Svenden P-E, et al. Perioperativerisk factors in elective pneutnonectomy.The impact of excess fluid balance[J]. Eur J Anaesthesiol,2002.19:57.
[28]McNelis J, Matini C P, Jurkiewicz A, et al. Predictive fac-tons associated with development of abdominal oompartrnattsyndtartein the surgical intensive care unit[J]. Arch sung, 2002,137:133.
[29]Kits T, Mammoto T, Kishi Y. Fluid management and post-operative respiratory disturbances in patients with tnuistho-rack esophagectomy for carcinana[J].Clin Anesth,2002,14; 252.
[30]Lobo D N, Bostock K A, Neal K R, et al. Effect of salt and water balance on recovery of gastrointestinal function afterelective wlortic resection:A randomized controlled trial [J].Lancet,2002,359:1812.
[31]Brandstrup B. Fluid therapy for the surgical patient[J]. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2006,20(2):265-283
[32]Kehlet H,Dahl J B.Anaesthesia, surgery and challenges in postoperative recovery(J).Lancet,2003,362(9399):1921-1928
[33]江志伟,黎介寿,汪志明,等.快速康复外科用于直肠癌前切除病人价值探讨[J].中国实用外科杂志,2008,28(1)：59-61
[34]Wilmore DW. Kehlet H. Management of patients in fast surgery track.. [J]BMJ,2001,332(7284):473-476.
[35]李丽邱海燕,王志红,等,肝脏手术后早期拔除胃管的观察[J]。护士进修杂志,2006,21(8)：748-749
[36]Mattei P,Rombeau J. Review of the pathophysiology and management of postoperative ileus[J].World Surg.2006,391(5):495-498
[37]SchmidtM, Lindenauer PK, Fitzgerald JL, et a.l Forecasting the impact of a clinical practice guideline for perioperative beta-blockers to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality[J].Arch InternMed,2002,162(1):63-69.
[38]Ramirez RJ,Wolf SE, Barrow RE, et a:l Growth hormone treatment in pediatric burns:a safe therapeutic approach[J]. Ann Surg,1998,228(4):439-448.
[39]Van den Berghe G,WoutersP,WeekersF, eta.l Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345(19):1359-1367.
[40]Van derLely AJ, Lamberts SW, Jauch KW, et a.l Use of human GH in elderly patientswith accidentalhip fracture[J].Eur JEn-docrino,l 2000,143(5):585-592.
[41]Takala J, Ruokonen E,WebsterNR, et a.l Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adult[J].N Engl JMed,1999,341(11):785-792.
[42]Raguso CA,Genton L, Pichard C.Growth hormone (rhGH) administration to ICU patients:a literature survey[J]. Clin Nutr,2001,20(1):16-18.
[43]LjungqvistO,Nygren J, ThorellA. Insulin resistance and elective surgery[J]. Surgery,2001, 128(5):757-760.
[44]TaguchiA, SharmaN, Saleem RM, et a.l Selective postoperativinhibition of gastrointestinal opioid receptors[J]. N EnglMed,2001,345(13):935-940.
[45]Jin F,ChungF.Multi-modal analgesia for postoperative pain control[J]. JClin Anesth,2001, 13(7):524-539.
[46]LewisSJ,EggerM, SylvesterPA, eta.l Early enteral feeding versus'nil by mouth after gastrointestinal surgery:systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials[J]. BMJ, 2001,323(7316):773-776.
[47]Zhou T,Ting W X,Jiang Y,et al.Early removing gastrointestinade compression and early oral feeding improve patients'rehabilitation after color ectostomy [J].World J Gast roenterol,2006,12(15)2459-2463