短时期VDT作业对眼调节参数的影响
摘要
目的:
研究短时间注视视频终端(video display terminal,VDT)后各项调节指标的恢复情况,评价VDT作业对人眼调节的影响,为采取适当的措施降低VDT对眼调节的影响,进而为探讨如何获得持久舒适的阅读,制定合理的休息计划提供理论依据。
方法:
20名受试者符合条件,其中男8人,女12人,年龄18-29岁,平均(23±3)岁,对受试者屈光矫正后,测试前检测受试者让受试者眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量,然后让受试者在电脑上阅读word文档30分钟。在VDT操作后0±2分钟、30±2分钟、60±2分钟、120±2分钟再次测量眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量,并将各项结果进行统计学分析。
结果:
受试者均配合完成了所有检查,VDT前受试者的眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量分别是:8.92±1.38D、11.05±3.52 cmp/m和0.44±0.66D,注视VDT30分钟后受试者调节幅度、调节灵敏度降低,分别是7.81±1.2D、7.58±3.16 cmp/m,与VDT操作前相比两者的差别有显著性差异,(P=0.00＜0.05);调节反应量为-0.08±0.80D,与VDT操作后(P＜0.05)。30分钟的VDT操作后休息30分钟,调节反应量为0.19±0.62D,与VDT操作前相比,差别无统计学意义。在休息60分钟后,平均调节灵敏度10.25±4.17 cmp/m与VDT操作前相比,差别无统计学意义。在休息120分钟后,平均调节幅度为8.85±1.50D和VDT操作前相比无统计学差异。
结论:
持续短时间注视VDT能使人眼从调节滞后显著改变变为调节超前,这种改变30分钟可以改善,并显著降低人眼调节幅度及灵敏度,这种降低在30分钟休息均得不到显著改善。VDT操作可能通过影响调节导致患者的视疲劳进而影响了持久舒适的阅读。
objective:
To investigate the recovery of the effects of video display terminal operation on ocular accommodation parameters,estimate the effects of video display terminal operation on ocular accommodation parameters.Further to provide theoretical basis of takeing appropriate measures to reduce the impact of VDT operation on ocular accommodation,and making further investigation to explore how to get a durable and comfortable reading,meanwhile provide a reasonable break schedule.
Methold:
A total of 20 eligible subjects,of whom 8 were male and 12 female,aged 18-29 years,(23±3) average years.After refractive correction,subjects may be measured accommodation parameters including accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response.Then the subjects were required to read the word document on a computer for 30 minutes.Accommodation parameters including accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response were measured after VDT operation 0±2 minutes,30±2 minutes,60±2 minutes,120±2 minutes.The results were statistically analyzed.
Result:
With all the test on subjects,accommodation amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response before VDT operation respectively were:8.92±1.38D, 11.05±3.52 cmp/m and 0.44±0.66D,.Accommodation amplitude,accommodative facility decreased to:7.81±1.2D,7.58±3.16 cmp/m,(P=0.00＜0.05);accommodation response were changed to -0.08±0.80D(P＜0.05).as compared with that before 30-minutes-reading.with VDT.The difference was significant,After 30-minutes-break, accommodation response changed to 0.19±0.62D,which has no significant difference. Compared with the data before VDT operation,the average accommodative facility changed to 10.25±4.17 cmp/m after 60 minutes'rest,the difference was not statistically significant.After 120 minutes'rest,there is no statistical difference in the average accommodation amplitude of 8.85±1.50 D and that of the VDT operation before.
Conclusion:
Continous short-term VDT operation can change lag of accommodation into lead of accommodation significantly,the effect can be improved in 30 minutes.And it can reduce accommodative amplitude and accommodation facility.The effect can't be improved in the 30-minute break.VDT operation may lead to asthenopia by effecting accommodation parameters.
研究短时间注视视频终端(video display terminal,VDT)后各项调节指标的恢复情况,评价VDT作业对人眼调节的影响,为采取适当的措施降低VDT对眼调节的影响,进而为探讨如何获得持久舒适的阅读,制定合理的休息计划提供理论依据。
方法:
20名受试者符合条件,其中男8人,女12人,年龄18-29岁,平均(23±3)岁,对受试者屈光矫正后,测试前检测受试者让受试者眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量,然后让受试者在电脑上阅读word文档30分钟。在VDT操作后0±2分钟、30±2分钟、60±2分钟、120±2分钟再次测量眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量,并将各项结果进行统计学分析。
结果:
受试者均配合完成了所有检查,VDT前受试者的眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度及调节反应量分别是:8.92±1.38D、11.05±3.52 cmp/m和0.44±0.66D,注视VDT30分钟后受试者调节幅度、调节灵敏度降低,分别是7.81±1.2D、7.58±3.16 cmp/m,与VDT操作前相比两者的差别有显著性差异,(P=0.00＜0.05);调节反应量为-0.08±0.80D,与VDT操作后(P＜0.05)。30分钟的VDT操作后休息30分钟,调节反应量为0.19±0.62D,与VDT操作前相比,差别无统计学意义。在休息60分钟后,平均调节灵敏度10.25±4.17 cmp/m与VDT操作前相比,差别无统计学意义。在休息120分钟后,平均调节幅度为8.85±1.50D和VDT操作前相比无统计学差异。
结论:
持续短时间注视VDT能使人眼从调节滞后显著改变变为调节超前,这种改变30分钟可以改善,并显著降低人眼调节幅度及灵敏度,这种降低在30分钟休息均得不到显著改善。VDT操作可能通过影响调节导致患者的视疲劳进而影响了持久舒适的阅读。
objective:
To investigate the recovery of the effects of video display terminal operation on ocular accommodation parameters,estimate the effects of video display terminal operation on ocular accommodation parameters.Further to provide theoretical basis of takeing appropriate measures to reduce the impact of VDT operation on ocular accommodation,and making further investigation to explore how to get a durable and comfortable reading,meanwhile provide a reasonable break schedule.
Methold:
A total of 20 eligible subjects,of whom 8 were male and 12 female,aged 18-29 years,(23±3) average years.After refractive correction,subjects may be measured accommodation parameters including accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response.Then the subjects were required to read the word document on a computer for 30 minutes.Accommodation parameters including accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response were measured after VDT operation 0±2 minutes,30±2 minutes,60±2 minutes,120±2 minutes.The results were statistically analyzed.
Result:
With all the test on subjects,accommodation amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodation response before VDT operation respectively were:8.92±1.38D, 11.05±3.52 cmp/m and 0.44±0.66D,.Accommodation amplitude,accommodative facility decreased to:7.81±1.2D,7.58±3.16 cmp/m,(P=0.00＜0.05);accommodation response were changed to -0.08±0.80D(P＜0.05).as compared with that before 30-minutes-reading.with VDT.The difference was significant,After 30-minutes-break, accommodation response changed to 0.19±0.62D,which has no significant difference. Compared with the data before VDT operation,the average accommodative facility changed to 10.25±4.17 cmp/m after 60 minutes'rest,the difference was not statistically significant.After 120 minutes'rest,there is no statistical difference in the average accommodation amplitude of 8.85±1.50 D and that of the VDT operation before.
Conclusion:
Continous short-term VDT operation can change lag of accommodation into lead of accommodation significantly,the effect can be improved in 30 minutes.And it can reduce accommodative amplitude and accommodation facility.The effect can't be improved in the 30-minute break.VDT operation may lead to asthenopia by effecting accommodation parameters.
引文
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[34]Fenga C,Aragona P,Cacciola A et al.Meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular discomfort in video display terminal workers[J].Eye,2008,22(1):91-95.
[35]Howarth PA,Clemes SA.Susceptibility to induced visual discomfort during the menstrual cycle while viewing a visual disp lay unit[J].Op tom Vis Sci,2006,83:190-194.
[36]孙重,柯敏.VDT作业者视疲劳的临床观察与分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2006,6(5):1192-1193.
[37]Tomei G,Rosati MV,Ciarrocca M,et al.Anxiety,musculoskeletal and visual disorders in video display terminal workers[J].Minerva Med,2006,97(6):459-466.
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[40]#12
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[46]Guillon M,Maissa C,Pouliquen P,et al.Effect of povidone 2%preservative-free eye drops on contact lens wearers with computer visualsyndrome:pilot study[J].Eye Contact Lens,2004,30:34-39.
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[48]Ziemssen F,Freudenthaler N,Regnery K,et al.Blinking activity during display terminal work[J].Ophthalmologe,2005,102:895-901.
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[1] Marcus M., McChesney R, Golden, et al. A. Video display terminals and miscarriage[J]. J Am Med Womens Assoc, 2000,55(2):84-88.
[2] Jeffrey A. Computer vision syndrome xauses and cures[J]. Managing Office Technology, 1997,42:172-191.
[3] Woods V. Musculoskeletal disorders and visual strain in intensive data processing workers. Occup Med (Lond), 2005 Mar;55(2):121-127.
[4] Sheedy JE: Vision problems at video display terminals: a survey of optometrists[J].J Am Optom Assoc, 1992 Oct,63(10):687-692.
[5] Murata K, Araks S, Kawakami N, et all Central nervous system effects and visual fatigue in VDT workers[J]. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 1991,63(2): 109-113.
[6] Harisinghani MG, Blake MA, Saksena M, et al. Importance and effects of altered workplace ergonomics in modern radiology suites[J]. Radiographics, 2004, 24:615-627.
[7] Collins M, Davis B, Atchison D. VDT screen reflections and accommodation response[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 1994 Apr,14(2): 193-198.
[8] Saito T, Aoki S, Matsuno A, et al. Quantitative analysis of eye movement during VDT work[J]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi, 1992, 96 :1047210541.
[9] Katsuyama I, Arakawa T. A novel in vitro model for screening and evaluation of anti asthenopia drugs[J]. J Pharmacol Sci, 2003 Oct,93(2):222-224.
[10] Makazawa T, Okubo T, Suwazono Y, et al. Association between duration of daily VDT use and subjective symptoms. Am J Ind Med, 2002,42:421-426.
[11] WICK B, Hall P. Relation among accommodative facility, lag, and amplitude in elementary school children. Am J Opysiol Opt, 1987, 64:593-598.
[12]Sterner B,Gellerstedt M,Sj(o|¨)str(o|¨)m A.Accommodation and the relationship to subjective symptoms with near work for young school children[J].Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,2006 Mar,26(2):148-55.
[13]瞿小妹,褚仁远,汪琳,等.注视视频终端对视觉功能的影响[J].中华眼科杂志,2005,41(11):986-988.
[14]周芳红,于婉荣.注视视频终端对眼健康的影响.国际眼科杂志,2008,8(8):1701-1703.
[15]Chase C,Tosha C,Borsting E.Visual discomfort and objective measures of static accommodation[J].Optom Vis Sci,2009,86(7):883-889.
[16]Zellers JA,Alpert TL,Rouse MW.A review of the literature and a normative study of accommodative facilitu[J].J Am Optom Assoc,1984,55:31-37.
[17]Hennnssey D,Iosue RA,Rouse MW.Relation of symptom to accommodative infacity of school-aged children[J].Am J Optom Physiol Opt,1984,61:177-183.
[18]瞿小妹,褚仁远.电脑终端病与视功能障碍[J].眼科新进展,2000,24:205-212.
[19]Ciuffreda KJ,Ordonez X.Vision therapy to reduce abnormal near work induced transient myopia.Optom Vis Sci,1998,75:311-315.
[20]Kotegawa Y,et.al.Mukuno K.Influence of accommodative response and visual symptoms on visual display terminal adult operators with asthenopia through adequately corrected refractive errors[J].Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi,2008,112(4):376-381.
[21]Cakk R,Wick B.The symptomatic patient with normal phorias at distance and near:what tests detect a binocular vision problem[J].Opometry,2003,74:309-322.
[22]吕帆,David A.Goss.双眼视觉问题分析与处理[M].1999:159-164.
[23]Schaeffel F,Glasser A,Howland HC.Accommodation,refractive error and eye growth in chicken[J].Vision Res,1988,28:639-657.
[24]Wallman J,Wildsoet C,Xu A,et al.Moving the retina:Choridal modulation of refractive state[J].Vision Res,1995,35:37-50.
[25]Tosha C,Borsting E,Ridder WH 3rd[J].Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,2009 Nov,29(6):625-633.
[26]Gur S,Ron S,Heicklen,et al.Objective evaluation of visual fatigue in VDU workers[J].Occup Med(Lond).1994 Sep;44(4):201-204.
[27]Uchino M,Schaumberg DA,Dogru M.Prevalence of dry eye disease among Japanese visual display terminal users[J].Ophthalmology,2008,115(11):1982-1988.
[28]Clayton Blehm,Vishnu S,Khattak A,et al.Computer vision syndrome:a review[J].Surv Ophthalmol,2005,50:253-261.
[29]Fenga C,Aragona P,Cacciola A et al.Meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular discomfort in video display terminal workers[J].Eye,2008,22(1):91-95.
[30]Howarth PA,Clemes SA.Susceptibility to induced visual discomfort during the menstrual cycle while viewing a visual disp lay unit[J].Op tom Vis Sci,2006,83:190-194.
[31]孙重,柯敏.VDT作业者视疲劳的临床观察与分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2006,6(5):1192-1193.
[32]Tomei G,Rosati MV,Ciarrocca M,et al.Anxiety,musculoskeletal and visual disorders in video display terminal workers[J].Minerva Med,2006,97(6):459-466.
[33]Yamamura E.VDT Workers Survey and Ergonomics initiative.IBM JAPAN,Occupational Health and Safety Department,Tokyo,Japan,2002.
[34]Gur S,Ron S,Heicklen2Klein A.Objective evaluation of visual fatigue in VDU workers[J].Occup Med(Lond),1994,44:201-204.
[35]#12
[36]Jaschinski W,Bonacker M,Alshuth E.Accommodation,convergence,pupil diameter and eye blinks at a CRT display flickering near fusion limit[J].Ergonomics,1996,39:152-164.
[37]林敏,张绮珠.视频显示终端性视疲劳148例的临床研究[J].河北医学,2004,(10)5:410-412.
[38]Harisinghani MG,Blake MA,Saksena M,et al.Importance and effects of altered workplace ergonomics in modern radiology suites[J].Radiographics,2004,24:615-627.
[39]R ocha L E,Debert Ribeiro M.Working conditions,visual fatigue,and mental health among systems analysts in Sao Paulo,Brazil.Oc2cup Environ Med,2004,61:242-321.
[40]Guillon M,Maissa C,Pouliquen P,et al.Effect of povidone 2%preservative-free eye drops on contact lens wearers with computer visualsyndrome:pilot study[J].Eye Contact Lens,2004,30:34-39.
[41]Miyake-KashimaM,DogruM,Nojima T,et al.The effect of anti reflection film use on blink rate and asthenopic symptoms during visual display terminal work[J].Cornea,2005,24:567-570.
[42]Ziemssen F,Freudenthaler N,Regnery K,et al.Blinking activity during display terminal work[J].Ophthalmologe,2005,102:895-901.
[43]Fostervold KJ.VDT work with downward gaze:the emperor's new clothes or scientifically sound[J].Intern J Industr Ergonom,2003,29:161-167 Janosik E,Grzesik J.Links.Influence of different lighting levels at workstations with video display terminals on operators' work efficiency[J].Med Pr,2003,54(2):123-132.
[44]张智君,朱祖祥.VDT屏面亮度和文件背景照度对视觉核读作业的影响[J].心理科学,2001,24(1):26-29.
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