黄顶菊入侵地土壤因子及黄顶菊与AM真菌共生研究
摘要
黄顶菊(Flaveria bidentis)是近年来广泛蔓延于河北境内的一种入侵植物,具有非常强的入侵性,严重威胁当地生态环境和农业生产。目前对黄顶菊开展的研究很多,多数是对其预防、控制和消除的研究,对其入侵机制研究主要集中在化感作用和黄顶菊生理生态特性方面,而且多是在实验室条件下进行研究,在自然条件下对黄顶菊的入侵机制研究较少。本论文通过河北省黄顶菊主要入侵区域野外考察和采样分析,研究了黄顶菊入侵前后土壤因子变化及黄顶菊根围土壤AM真菌定殖和分布情况,为探明黄顶菊入侵机理,预防和控制黄顶菊蔓延提供依据。主要获得如下试验结果:
1.黄顶菊入侵地土壤均为碱性,入侵地土壤养分由低到高分布范围广。
2.黄顶菊入侵对土壤pH的影响因样地不同而异。对土壤养分的影响与入侵地营养水平有关,当土壤营养水平低时,黄顶菊入侵提高了土壤养分含量;当水平高时,则降低土壤养分含量;黄顶菊生长于贫瘠土壤时,可以向其根围聚集养分。
3.黄顶菊入侵对土壤的影响,受样地间空间距离影响,距离越大样地间差异越明显,说明黄顶菊入侵对土壤的影响与入侵地环境条件密切相关。
4.黄顶菊能与AM真菌形成良好的丛枝菌根共生体;土壤因子对黄顶菊根围AM真菌菌丝生长影响较小,而与AM真菌泡囊、丛枝和孢子的生长发育密切相关。
Flaveria bidentis is an invasive plant that spread in Hebei in the recent years widely, has very strong invasiveness and serious threat to ecosystem, environment and agricultural production of invasion area. The most of searches on F. bidentis are about prevention, control and eradication currently, the studies on invasion mechanism have focused on allelopathy and physiological and ecological characteristics, but mostly in laboratory studies, the study carried out under natural conditions is little. This paper studies the change of soil factors before and after invasion and colonization and distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis by field investigations and analysis in major F. bidentis invasion region in Hebei, so as to provide the bases for ascertaining invasion mechanisms to prevent and control F. bidentis spread. Main results are as follows:
1. The soil of F. bidentis invasion area is alkaline and has a wide range of nutrients content from low to high.
2. The effect of F. bidentis invasion on soil pH is different among sites, the effect on soil factors relating to soil nutrient levels in invasion area, and when at a low level, the F. bidentis invasion increases content of soil nutrient, when at a high level, then lowers soil nutrients, the F. bidentis could gather nutriens while it grows in low nutrients level soil.
3. The impact of F. bidentis invasion on the soil is affected by the distance among sites, the further distance among sites, the more different effect, so the impact of F. bidentis invasion on the soil is closely related to environmental conditions.
4. F. bidentis could form very symbiosis with AM fungi. Soil factors has little effect on the growth of AM fungal hyphae in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis, but the growth and development of AM fungal vesicles, arbuscules and spores in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis was closely associated with soil factors.
1.黄顶菊入侵地土壤均为碱性,入侵地土壤养分由低到高分布范围广。
2.黄顶菊入侵对土壤pH的影响因样地不同而异。对土壤养分的影响与入侵地营养水平有关,当土壤营养水平低时,黄顶菊入侵提高了土壤养分含量;当水平高时,则降低土壤养分含量;黄顶菊生长于贫瘠土壤时,可以向其根围聚集养分。
3.黄顶菊入侵对土壤的影响,受样地间空间距离影响,距离越大样地间差异越明显,说明黄顶菊入侵对土壤的影响与入侵地环境条件密切相关。
4.黄顶菊能与AM真菌形成良好的丛枝菌根共生体;土壤因子对黄顶菊根围AM真菌菌丝生长影响较小,而与AM真菌泡囊、丛枝和孢子的生长发育密切相关。
Flaveria bidentis is an invasive plant that spread in Hebei in the recent years widely, has very strong invasiveness and serious threat to ecosystem, environment and agricultural production of invasion area. The most of searches on F. bidentis are about prevention, control and eradication currently, the studies on invasion mechanism have focused on allelopathy and physiological and ecological characteristics, but mostly in laboratory studies, the study carried out under natural conditions is little. This paper studies the change of soil factors before and after invasion and colonization and distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis by field investigations and analysis in major F. bidentis invasion region in Hebei, so as to provide the bases for ascertaining invasion mechanisms to prevent and control F. bidentis spread. Main results are as follows:
1. The soil of F. bidentis invasion area is alkaline and has a wide range of nutrients content from low to high.
2. The effect of F. bidentis invasion on soil pH is different among sites, the effect on soil factors relating to soil nutrient levels in invasion area, and when at a low level, the F. bidentis invasion increases content of soil nutrient, when at a high level, then lowers soil nutrients, the F. bidentis could gather nutriens while it grows in low nutrients level soil.
3. The impact of F. bidentis invasion on the soil is affected by the distance among sites, the further distance among sites, the more different effect, so the impact of F. bidentis invasion on the soil is closely related to environmental conditions.
4. F. bidentis could form very symbiosis with AM fungi. Soil factors has little effect on the growth of AM fungal hyphae in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis, but the growth and development of AM fungal vesicles, arbuscules and spores in the rhizosphere of F. bidentis was closely associated with soil factors.
引文
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