中国支付系统的优化方案初探
摘要
支付系统是通过运用现代计算机技术和网络通讯技术构建的安全、高效的平台,其面向支付参与者提供资金流通渠道和清算、结算服务,并对支付风险进行有效监控。它是支付体系的核心,是实现上述功能的各类业务信息系统的有机整合,是信息系统的集群。支付体系在国民经济的健康发展中发挥着重要作用,是经济金融活动的重要组成部分。
目前,我国并存有四套支付系统:首先是各商业银行建立的行内支付业务系统;其次是银行卡支付系统;第三是票据支付系统;第四是以中国现代化支付系统(CNAPS)为核心业务系统的信息系统集群。CNAPS包括大额实时支付系统(HVPS)、小额批量支付系统(BEPS)、支票影像交换系统(CIS)以及清算账户管理系统(SAPS)、支付管理信息系统(PMIS)。本文所述中国支付系统特指由CNAPS及其相关信息系统有机组合而成的信息系统集群。
通过MBA的学习并结合中国支付系统现状,笔者认为,中国人民银行应对中国支付系统所含各信息系统进行优化整合以及相应的业务改造。这样能加强支付风险防范和控制,发挥系统整合优势,进一步确保中国支付系统的安全、高效运行,并在促进央行货币政策的传导与执行、促进国民经济健康发展发挥出更有效的作用。本文对此进行了分析和探讨。全文主要由四个章节组成。
第一章是我国的支付系统发展历程及现状。本章对支付系统概念、分类及其业务特点进行了概述,对我国的支付系统发展历程及现状进行了回顾与归纳。
第二章是中国支付系统的风险分析。本章首先对支付系统风险进行概述,然后针对中国支付系统存在的风险展开论述,根据其信息系统集群的特点,对其核心业务系统和其他有机组成部分可能引发的支付风险进行分析,并充分考虑各有机组成部分因系统整合不完善可能引发的各类支付系统风险。
第三章是对中国支付系统各有机组成部分优化整合及其相关业务调整的建议。在上两章的基础上,结合目前中国支付系统的业务、技术特点,从加强中国支付系统的支付系统风险防范和控制能力,以及促进支付结算、征信管理、反洗钱等工作全面协调开展的角度,笔者对中国支付系统总体结构调整提出优化方案的建议,并对中国支付系统各组成部分中具体信息系统提出业务、技术优化方案的建议。
第四章是中国支付系统优化方案实施的关键因素分析。笔者运用关键因素分析法(CSF),对第三章中提出的中国支付系统优化方案的实施进行关键因素分析,试图找出影响优化方案实施的关键成功因素,并结合方案本身特点和方案实施的主体及环境特点,针对关键成功因素提出相应的建议,以确保中国支付系统优化方案实施成功。
本文结合笔者工作实际情况,运用MBA所学管理知识对中国支付系统进行了分析,从加强支付系统风险管理,促进支付结算工作、征信管理、反洗钱等工作的全面协调开展角度出发,对中国支付系统提出优化方案,从业务完善、信息系统整合等角度提出了笔者个人的建议,希望对于中国人民银行加强支付系统建设具有一点参考意义。
由于笔者掌握知识以及写作水平有限,同时由于我国的支付系统建设研究仍然处于初级阶段,因此文中难免出现错误和疏漏之处,在此恳请各位老师不吝赐教。
Payment system which playing an important role in the healthy development of the economy, is an important part of economic and financial activity. Payment system provides the channel of fund circulation and the service of liquidation and settlement with Effective Supervision of Payment Risk, by using the safe efficient terrace of modern computer technology and network communication technique. Payment system is the core of national payment, and it is the organic integration of variety business information systems to realize above-mentioned functions. It is also an information system cluster.
Now, there are four sets of payment system in our country: the first is the inner payment system established by each commercial bank; the second is the payment system of bank card; the third is the note payment system; the fourth is the information system cluster, whose core business system is the China National Automation Payment System(CNAPS) . CNAPS includes the High Value Payment System (HVPS), Bulk Electronic Payment System (BEPS), CICS/National Cheque Image clearing System (CIS) , Settlement Account Payment System(SAPS), and Payment Management Information System(PMIS).The China payment system mentioned in this paper especially refers to China National Automation Payment System(CNAPS) and the information system clusters of related information system .
Through the study of MBA, and considering the current situation of China's payment system, the writer believes that the People's Bank of China should improve the China's payment system through the integration and optimization of the information contained in the system, to enhance the payment, control and prevent the risk, ensure the safety of China's payment system, and help the implementation of the central bank's monetary policy . In this article, there are four chapters to analyze the improvements.
The first chapter summarizes China's payment system development and evolution of the status. It concerns the concept, classifications and operational characteristics, and it reviews the development of Chinese payment systems.
From the viewpoint of the risk management, Chapter II analyzes the need of optimization to the system. It summarizes the risk of payment system at first, then studies the risk in the China payment system. And last, analyzes the risk initiated by the core business systems and other systems and the risk caused by the not enough conformity between the systems.
Chapter III is the adjustment for the China payment.
In Chapter IV, the author analyzes the adjustment by CSF to find out the key factors that could influence the adjustment greatly. And then, the author gives some suggestions about the implementation of the adjustment.
The author of this thesis, combined the practice and the knowledge of MBA, analyzes the China’s payment system, and put forward to the optimization program of the China's payment system to be a reference, and to strengthen the payment system for the People's Bank of China.
Because of the limits of the knowledge, and the fact that China's construction payment systems are still in the initial stage of research, please be so kind as to give me any advice on the inevitable errors and omissions, thanks!
目前,我国并存有四套支付系统:首先是各商业银行建立的行内支付业务系统;其次是银行卡支付系统;第三是票据支付系统;第四是以中国现代化支付系统(CNAPS)为核心业务系统的信息系统集群。CNAPS包括大额实时支付系统(HVPS)、小额批量支付系统(BEPS)、支票影像交换系统(CIS)以及清算账户管理系统(SAPS)、支付管理信息系统(PMIS)。本文所述中国支付系统特指由CNAPS及其相关信息系统有机组合而成的信息系统集群。
通过MBA的学习并结合中国支付系统现状,笔者认为,中国人民银行应对中国支付系统所含各信息系统进行优化整合以及相应的业务改造。这样能加强支付风险防范和控制,发挥系统整合优势,进一步确保中国支付系统的安全、高效运行,并在促进央行货币政策的传导与执行、促进国民经济健康发展发挥出更有效的作用。本文对此进行了分析和探讨。全文主要由四个章节组成。
第一章是我国的支付系统发展历程及现状。本章对支付系统概念、分类及其业务特点进行了概述,对我国的支付系统发展历程及现状进行了回顾与归纳。
第二章是中国支付系统的风险分析。本章首先对支付系统风险进行概述,然后针对中国支付系统存在的风险展开论述,根据其信息系统集群的特点,对其核心业务系统和其他有机组成部分可能引发的支付风险进行分析,并充分考虑各有机组成部分因系统整合不完善可能引发的各类支付系统风险。
第三章是对中国支付系统各有机组成部分优化整合及其相关业务调整的建议。在上两章的基础上,结合目前中国支付系统的业务、技术特点,从加强中国支付系统的支付系统风险防范和控制能力,以及促进支付结算、征信管理、反洗钱等工作全面协调开展的角度,笔者对中国支付系统总体结构调整提出优化方案的建议,并对中国支付系统各组成部分中具体信息系统提出业务、技术优化方案的建议。
第四章是中国支付系统优化方案实施的关键因素分析。笔者运用关键因素分析法(CSF),对第三章中提出的中国支付系统优化方案的实施进行关键因素分析,试图找出影响优化方案实施的关键成功因素,并结合方案本身特点和方案实施的主体及环境特点,针对关键成功因素提出相应的建议,以确保中国支付系统优化方案实施成功。
本文结合笔者工作实际情况,运用MBA所学管理知识对中国支付系统进行了分析,从加强支付系统风险管理,促进支付结算工作、征信管理、反洗钱等工作的全面协调开展角度出发,对中国支付系统提出优化方案,从业务完善、信息系统整合等角度提出了笔者个人的建议,希望对于中国人民银行加强支付系统建设具有一点参考意义。
由于笔者掌握知识以及写作水平有限,同时由于我国的支付系统建设研究仍然处于初级阶段,因此文中难免出现错误和疏漏之处,在此恳请各位老师不吝赐教。
Payment system which playing an important role in the healthy development of the economy, is an important part of economic and financial activity. Payment system provides the channel of fund circulation and the service of liquidation and settlement with Effective Supervision of Payment Risk, by using the safe efficient terrace of modern computer technology and network communication technique. Payment system is the core of national payment, and it is the organic integration of variety business information systems to realize above-mentioned functions. It is also an information system cluster.
Now, there are four sets of payment system in our country: the first is the inner payment system established by each commercial bank; the second is the payment system of bank card; the third is the note payment system; the fourth is the information system cluster, whose core business system is the China National Automation Payment System(CNAPS) . CNAPS includes the High Value Payment System (HVPS), Bulk Electronic Payment System (BEPS), CICS/National Cheque Image clearing System (CIS) , Settlement Account Payment System(SAPS), and Payment Management Information System(PMIS).The China payment system mentioned in this paper especially refers to China National Automation Payment System(CNAPS) and the information system clusters of related information system .
Through the study of MBA, and considering the current situation of China's payment system, the writer believes that the People's Bank of China should improve the China's payment system through the integration and optimization of the information contained in the system, to enhance the payment, control and prevent the risk, ensure the safety of China's payment system, and help the implementation of the central bank's monetary policy . In this article, there are four chapters to analyze the improvements.
The first chapter summarizes China's payment system development and evolution of the status. It concerns the concept, classifications and operational characteristics, and it reviews the development of Chinese payment systems.
From the viewpoint of the risk management, Chapter II analyzes the need of optimization to the system. It summarizes the risk of payment system at first, then studies the risk in the China payment system. And last, analyzes the risk initiated by the core business systems and other systems and the risk caused by the not enough conformity between the systems.
Chapter III is the adjustment for the China payment.
In Chapter IV, the author analyzes the adjustment by CSF to find out the key factors that could influence the adjustment greatly. And then, the author gives some suggestions about the implementation of the adjustment.
The author of this thesis, combined the practice and the knowledge of MBA, analyzes the China’s payment system, and put forward to the optimization program of the China's payment system to be a reference, and to strengthen the payment system for the People's Bank of China.
Because of the limits of the knowledge, and the fact that China's construction payment systems are still in the initial stage of research, please be so kind as to give me any advice on the inevitable errors and omissions, thanks!
引文
①李红梅,浅议我国中央银行支付清算体系的建立与发展,《新疆金融》,2006年11期
②李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
①李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
①许臻,谢群松,漫议支付系统风险管理,《银行家》,2003年2期
1.中国人民银行,中国人民银行网站,http://www.pbc.gov.cn/
2.中国人民银行支付结算司,《中国支付体系发展报告(2006)》中国金融出版社,2007年4月
3.十国集团中央银行支付结算体系委员会编写,《支付体系比较研究》,中国金融出版社,2005年6月
4.许臻,谢群松,漫议支付系统风险管理,《银行家》,2003年2期
5.李红梅,浅议我国中央银行支付清算体系的建立与发展,《新疆金融》,2006年11期
6.李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
7.付荃,关于完善我国大额支付系统建设的思考,《中国集体经济》,2004年10期
8.陶华东,改进支付系统清算账户管理方式的思考,《金融电子化》,2006年12期
9.薛华成主编,《管理信息系统(第三版)》,清华大学出版社,1999年5月
10.现代管理领域知识更新教材编写委员会,《企业信息化建设——理论·实务·案例》,经济管理出版社,2007年5月
11. (美)科兹纳(Kerzner,H.)著,杨爱华,杨敏,王丽珍等译,《项目管理:计划、进度和控制的系统方法(第9版)》,电子工业出版社,2006年9月
12. (美)菲利普斯(Phillips,J.)著,冯博琴等译,《实用IT项目管理(第2版)》,机械工业出版社,2005年9月
②李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
①李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
①许臻,谢群松,漫议支付系统风险管理,《银行家》,2003年2期
1.中国人民银行,中国人民银行网站,http://www.pbc.gov.cn/
2.中国人民银行支付结算司,《中国支付体系发展报告(2006)》中国金融出版社,2007年4月
3.十国集团中央银行支付结算体系委员会编写,《支付体系比较研究》,中国金融出版社,2005年6月
4.许臻,谢群松,漫议支付系统风险管理,《银行家》,2003年2期
5.李红梅,浅议我国中央银行支付清算体系的建立与发展,《新疆金融》,2006年11期
6.李晓晟,中国现代化支付系统建设情况概述,《华南金融电脑》,2006年9期
7.付荃,关于完善我国大额支付系统建设的思考,《中国集体经济》,2004年10期
8.陶华东,改进支付系统清算账户管理方式的思考,《金融电子化》,2006年12期
9.薛华成主编,《管理信息系统(第三版)》,清华大学出版社,1999年5月
10.现代管理领域知识更新教材编写委员会,《企业信息化建设——理论·实务·案例》,经济管理出版社,2007年5月
11. (美)科兹纳(Kerzner,H.)著,杨爱华,杨敏,王丽珍等译,《项目管理:计划、进度和控制的系统方法(第9版)》,电子工业出版社,2006年9月
12. (美)菲利普斯(Phillips,J.)著,冯博琴等译,《实用IT项目管理(第2版)》,机械工业出版社,2005年9月