沪杭高铁连续梁桥施工控制若干问题研究
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摘要
桥梁在设计过程中,对于施工现场的现实环境和相关参数取值不可能做到准确把握。为了使施工过程中各个工况的现实状态最大程度的符合设计要求,并确保施工过程中的各关键控制截面满足理论应力状态和结构的整体稳定安全,我们有必要对桥梁的施工过程进行全程的施工控制。
本文结合沪杭客专跨沪杭高速公路特大桥跨秀州塘连续梁施工控制实例,首先介绍了目前我国高速铁路的发展概况,连续梁桥施工控制对于高速铁路施工的必要性以及施工控制的原理和方法。
运用Midas建立仿真计算模型并得出计算结果,对具体施工控制过程中的实际问题进行研究,其中包括连续梁墩顶42m零号块施工中的挠度控制和温度裂缝以及应力监测、零号块施工中遇到的问题、各悬浇和合拢段的施工控制等,最终得出了全桥施工的温度、应力和线形控制结果。在施工控制过程中,我们必须根据现场实测数据和现场试验参数对模型计算结果进行了反复修正,使桥梁结构实际状态不断的趋近于理想状态,圆满的完成施工控制工作。
在零号块大体积混凝土施工过程中,应该对零号块施工阶段的温度裂缝控制给予高度重视,提高监测频次,认真分析监测数据结果,防止混凝土温度裂缝的产生。同时在零号块养护过程中,应该特别注意在环境温度变化较大的情况下,做好梁面混凝土的保温措施,防止混凝土因内外温差过大而产生开裂现象。悬臂浇筑施工过程中的最关键的工程设备就是施工挂篮。在施工过程中,由于工期和现场环境的限制,施工挂篮的压载时间有时并未达到规定的时长,导致挂篮的非弹性变形并未完全消除,同时也造成了挂篮弹性变形的计算结果的不精确,导致悬浇段预拱度的计算产生偏差。在挂篮预压时,必须严格按照试验方案进行预压,完全消除其非弹性变形,才能更加精确的控制桥梁的整体线形。
最后,在总结本文工作的基础上,提出了本研究方向仍需进一步深入发掘的若干研究课题。
The bridge design process, in theory, the reality of the construction site for the environment and the values of relevant parameters can not be done accurately. To make the construction process of the real state of the various conditions the maximum extent consistent with theoretical design and construction process to ensure that all critical control sections to meet the theoretical structure of stress state and stability of the overall security, we need to bridge the entire process of construction process Construction Control.
In this paper, cross-Hangzhou Expressway, Shanghai-Hangzhou-off special show bridge span continuous beam construction control state Tong instance, first introduced the current overview of the development of high-speed railway, construction control for continuous bridge the need for high-speed railway construction and construction control principles and methods of controlling the results of the relevant factors and error adjustment method.
Build simulation models using Midas and the results obtained, the construction control of specific practical problems in the study, including the 42m pier continuous beam construction in the block zero degree of control and temperature around the crack and stress monitoring, zero blocks problems encountered in the construction, the cantilever section of the construction and close control, and ultimately obtained full-bridge construction of the temperature, stress, and linear control results. Control in the construction process, we must field data and field test results on the model parameters repeated correction, on-site construction control survey work is the basis of the actual construction site to obtain the key parameter is the model, only in a serious and responsible attitude, ground measurements, ground calculation, diligence analysis, ground thinking to manipulation in the construction of the bridge structure, close to the actual state of constant theoretical ideal, the successful completion of construction control.
Zero block in the large volume construction process, it should block the construction phase of the zero temperature crack control given high priority to improve the monitoring frequency, a careful analysis of the results of the monitoring data to prevent the concrete temperature cracks. Zero blocks while curing process, we should pay special attention to the larger temperature changes in the environment situation, do a good job of concrete girder insulation measures to prevent excessive temperature difference between inside and outside of concrete due to cracking phenomenon caused. Cantilever construction process is the most critical engineering equipment construction Cradle. During the construction process, because the duration and site constraints, the construction of ballast hanging basket did not meet the requirements of time and sometimes the length of time, resulting in Basket does not completely eliminate the non-elastic deformation, but also elastic deformation caused by the Cradle The results of the imprecise, resulting in cantilever section of the calculation of camber bias. Preload in the Cradle, the pilot program must be strictly in accordance with the pre-pressure, complete elimination of the non-elastic deformation of the bridge to more precise control of the whole line.
Finally, in a programmatic summary of this work, the proposed direction of this research still needs some further research to explore.
本文结合沪杭客专跨沪杭高速公路特大桥跨秀州塘连续梁施工控制实例,首先介绍了目前我国高速铁路的发展概况,连续梁桥施工控制对于高速铁路施工的必要性以及施工控制的原理和方法。
运用Midas建立仿真计算模型并得出计算结果,对具体施工控制过程中的实际问题进行研究,其中包括连续梁墩顶42m零号块施工中的挠度控制和温度裂缝以及应力监测、零号块施工中遇到的问题、各悬浇和合拢段的施工控制等,最终得出了全桥施工的温度、应力和线形控制结果。在施工控制过程中,我们必须根据现场实测数据和现场试验参数对模型计算结果进行了反复修正,使桥梁结构实际状态不断的趋近于理想状态,圆满的完成施工控制工作。
在零号块大体积混凝土施工过程中,应该对零号块施工阶段的温度裂缝控制给予高度重视,提高监测频次,认真分析监测数据结果,防止混凝土温度裂缝的产生。同时在零号块养护过程中,应该特别注意在环境温度变化较大的情况下,做好梁面混凝土的保温措施,防止混凝土因内外温差过大而产生开裂现象。悬臂浇筑施工过程中的最关键的工程设备就是施工挂篮。在施工过程中,由于工期和现场环境的限制,施工挂篮的压载时间有时并未达到规定的时长,导致挂篮的非弹性变形并未完全消除,同时也造成了挂篮弹性变形的计算结果的不精确,导致悬浇段预拱度的计算产生偏差。在挂篮预压时,必须严格按照试验方案进行预压,完全消除其非弹性变形,才能更加精确的控制桥梁的整体线形。
最后,在总结本文工作的基础上,提出了本研究方向仍需进一步深入发掘的若干研究课题。
The bridge design process, in theory, the reality of the construction site for the environment and the values of relevant parameters can not be done accurately. To make the construction process of the real state of the various conditions the maximum extent consistent with theoretical design and construction process to ensure that all critical control sections to meet the theoretical structure of stress state and stability of the overall security, we need to bridge the entire process of construction process Construction Control.
In this paper, cross-Hangzhou Expressway, Shanghai-Hangzhou-off special show bridge span continuous beam construction control state Tong instance, first introduced the current overview of the development of high-speed railway, construction control for continuous bridge the need for high-speed railway construction and construction control principles and methods of controlling the results of the relevant factors and error adjustment method.
Build simulation models using Midas and the results obtained, the construction control of specific practical problems in the study, including the 42m pier continuous beam construction in the block zero degree of control and temperature around the crack and stress monitoring, zero blocks problems encountered in the construction, the cantilever section of the construction and close control, and ultimately obtained full-bridge construction of the temperature, stress, and linear control results. Control in the construction process, we must field data and field test results on the model parameters repeated correction, on-site construction control survey work is the basis of the actual construction site to obtain the key parameter is the model, only in a serious and responsible attitude, ground measurements, ground calculation, diligence analysis, ground thinking to manipulation in the construction of the bridge structure, close to the actual state of constant theoretical ideal, the successful completion of construction control.
Zero block in the large volume construction process, it should block the construction phase of the zero temperature crack control given high priority to improve the monitoring frequency, a careful analysis of the results of the monitoring data to prevent the concrete temperature cracks. Zero blocks while curing process, we should pay special attention to the larger temperature changes in the environment situation, do a good job of concrete girder insulation measures to prevent excessive temperature difference between inside and outside of concrete due to cracking phenomenon caused. Cantilever construction process is the most critical engineering equipment construction Cradle. During the construction process, because the duration and site constraints, the construction of ballast hanging basket did not meet the requirements of time and sometimes the length of time, resulting in Basket does not completely eliminate the non-elastic deformation, but also elastic deformation caused by the Cradle The results of the imprecise, resulting in cantilever section of the calculation of camber bias. Preload in the Cradle, the pilot program must be strictly in accordance with the pre-pressure, complete elimination of the non-elastic deformation of the bridge to more precise control of the whole line.
Finally, in a programmatic summary of this work, the proposed direction of this research still needs some further research to explore.
引文
[1]钱仲侯.高速铁路概论[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994：24-25
[2]潘可权,黄振民.高速铁路·线路[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1996：31-36
[3]Kristek V. Theory of Box Girders[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1979:44-46
[4]张继尧,王吕将.悬臂浇注预应力混凝土连续梁桥[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004：45-51
[5]Podolny W J, M.J.M. Construction and Design of Prestressed Concrete Segmental Bridge[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1982:75-76
[6]Ramondenc. P, Design and construction of structures for high-speed railway lines[C].3rd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance,2006,157(1):169-170
[7]刘重庆.国外铁路主要领域发展水平和趋势[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994：67
[8]Wu Yechun, Luo Ping. Impacts of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway on urban system development[C]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Transportation Engineering,2009,22(1):562-567
[9]叶再军.多跨长联预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工控制研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2006：4-8
[10]韩红春.大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥悬臂施工控制研究与实践[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007：10-12
[11]Maeda.K, Otsuka.A, Takano.H. The Design and Construction of the Yokohama Bay Bridge[M]. Tokyo:Elsevier Science Publisher,1991:377-395
[12]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001：12-13
[13]徐君兰.大跨度桥梁施工控制[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000：9-11
[14]H.S.Chiu. Long-Term Deflection Control in Cantilever Prestressed Concrete Bridge[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1996,122(6):489-494
[15]Casas, J.R. Probability-based Stability Design in Cantilever Bridge Construction[J]. Structural Engineering Institute,1993,3(4):233-239
[16]林元培.桥梁设计工程师手册[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2007：10-11
[17]张洲.高速铁路连续梁施工控制关键问题研究[D].武汉：武汉理大学,2010：9-11
[18]齐春峰.点头特大桥孔道摩阻的试验研究[J].路基工程,2008,(6)：92-93
[19]O.C.Zeinkiewicz, R.L.Taylor. The Finite Element Method (the Fourth Edition) [M]. Columbus:McGraw-Hill,2002:56-57
[20]Brooks J.J. Theory for drying creep of concrete[J]. Magazine of Concrete Research,2001, 53(1):51-61
[21]管延武,赵冠刚,龚爱军.混凝土收缩徐变机理综述[J].山西建筑,2009,35(10)：166-167
[22]Smith Donald M, Hammons Michael I. Creep of mass concrete at early ages[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1993,5(3):411-417
[23]薛凯.武广客运专线试验段32m简支梁徐变测试与预测[D].长沙：中南大学,2009：16-19
[24]周履,陈永春.收缩徐变[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994：18-25
[25]Enrigue Mirambell, Antonio Aquado. Temperature and Stress Distributions Engineering in Concrete Box Girder Bridge[J]. Journal of Structural,1990,116(9):2388-2409
[26]惠荣炎,黄国兴,易冰若.混凝土的徐变[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1988：21-23
[27]Bissonnette Benoit, Pigeon Michel, Vaysburd Alexander M. Tensile creep of concrete:Study of its sensitivity to basic parameters[J]. ACI Materials Journal,2007,104(4):360-368
[28]Sabeur H, Meftah F, Colina H, Platret G. Correlation between transient creep of concrete and its dehydration [J]. Magazine of Concrete Research,2008,60(3):157-163
[29]唐宠钊.混凝土的徐变力学与试验技术[M].北京：水利水电出版社,1982：8-9
[30]Walter Podolny, Jean M.Muller. Construction and Design of Prestressed Concrete Segmental Bridges[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1982:12-13
[31]中华人民共和国交通部标准.JTGD62-2004公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2004：156-167
[32]陈辉,韩芳垣.大体积混凝土温度裂缝的成因分析及控制措施[J].混凝土,2006,196(2)：74-75
[33]陈林生.金水沟特大桥承台大体积混凝土施工技术[J].公路工程与运输,2006,(2)：139-140
[34]屈涛.大体积混凝土温度应力及裂缝扩展的研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2007：9-11
[35]Minchao Jin, Tiefei He, Changsheng Guan. The influence of temporary fixation to deflection control in construction of multi-span continuous beam bridge[R]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modeling and Simulation,2009, (4):219-224
[36]Mathivat, The Cantilever Construction of Prestressed Concrete Bridge[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1983:54-56
[37]张道省,朱小坚,王善举.梁济运河大桥挂篮预压试验[J].山西建筑,2007,33(15)：309-310
[38]谢海涛.某大桥挂篮预压试验及实测结果分析[J].建材世界,2009,30(1)：81-83
[39]张鸣.预应力混凝土连续梁桥悬臂施工控制技术研究[D].南京：东南大学,2007：25-29
[40]郑青松,欧阳旋宇,曾清生.京津客运专线悬浇连续梁桥面平整度控制技术[J].国防交通工程与技术,2008,6(4)：70-72
[41]贾兆兵,解玉洋,余信箭,王平安.宽截面现浇混凝土箱梁顶板平整度控制[J].交通科技,2007,(3)：26-28
[2]潘可权,黄振民.高速铁路·线路[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1996：31-36
[3]Kristek V. Theory of Box Girders[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1979:44-46
[4]张继尧,王吕将.悬臂浇注预应力混凝土连续梁桥[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004：45-51
[5]Podolny W J, M.J.M. Construction and Design of Prestressed Concrete Segmental Bridge[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1982:75-76
[6]Ramondenc. P, Design and construction of structures for high-speed railway lines[C].3rd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance,2006,157(1):169-170
[7]刘重庆.国外铁路主要领域发展水平和趋势[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994：67
[8]Wu Yechun, Luo Ping. Impacts of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway on urban system development[C]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Transportation Engineering,2009,22(1):562-567
[9]叶再军.多跨长联预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工控制研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2006：4-8
[10]韩红春.大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥悬臂施工控制研究与实践[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007：10-12
[11]Maeda.K, Otsuka.A, Takano.H. The Design and Construction of the Yokohama Bay Bridge[M]. Tokyo:Elsevier Science Publisher,1991:377-395
[12]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001：12-13
[13]徐君兰.大跨度桥梁施工控制[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2000：9-11
[14]H.S.Chiu. Long-Term Deflection Control in Cantilever Prestressed Concrete Bridge[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1996,122(6):489-494
[15]Casas, J.R. Probability-based Stability Design in Cantilever Bridge Construction[J]. Structural Engineering Institute,1993,3(4):233-239
[16]林元培.桥梁设计工程师手册[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2007：10-11
[17]张洲.高速铁路连续梁施工控制关键问题研究[D].武汉：武汉理大学,2010：9-11
[18]齐春峰.点头特大桥孔道摩阻的试验研究[J].路基工程,2008,(6)：92-93
[19]O.C.Zeinkiewicz, R.L.Taylor. The Finite Element Method (the Fourth Edition) [M]. Columbus:McGraw-Hill,2002:56-57
[20]Brooks J.J. Theory for drying creep of concrete[J]. Magazine of Concrete Research,2001, 53(1):51-61
[21]管延武,赵冠刚,龚爱军.混凝土收缩徐变机理综述[J].山西建筑,2009,35(10)：166-167
[22]Smith Donald M, Hammons Michael I. Creep of mass concrete at early ages[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1993,5(3):411-417
[23]薛凯.武广客运专线试验段32m简支梁徐变测试与预测[D].长沙：中南大学,2009：16-19
[24]周履,陈永春.收缩徐变[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994：18-25
[25]Enrigue Mirambell, Antonio Aquado. Temperature and Stress Distributions Engineering in Concrete Box Girder Bridge[J]. Journal of Structural,1990,116(9):2388-2409
[26]惠荣炎,黄国兴,易冰若.混凝土的徐变[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1988：21-23
[27]Bissonnette Benoit, Pigeon Michel, Vaysburd Alexander M. Tensile creep of concrete:Study of its sensitivity to basic parameters[J]. ACI Materials Journal,2007,104(4):360-368
[28]Sabeur H, Meftah F, Colina H, Platret G. Correlation between transient creep of concrete and its dehydration [J]. Magazine of Concrete Research,2008,60(3):157-163
[29]唐宠钊.混凝土的徐变力学与试验技术[M].北京：水利水电出版社,1982：8-9
[30]Walter Podolny, Jean M.Muller. Construction and Design of Prestressed Concrete Segmental Bridges[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1982:12-13
[31]中华人民共和国交通部标准.JTGD62-2004公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2004：156-167
[32]陈辉,韩芳垣.大体积混凝土温度裂缝的成因分析及控制措施[J].混凝土,2006,196(2)：74-75
[33]陈林生.金水沟特大桥承台大体积混凝土施工技术[J].公路工程与运输,2006,(2)：139-140
[34]屈涛.大体积混凝土温度应力及裂缝扩展的研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2007：9-11
[35]Minchao Jin, Tiefei He, Changsheng Guan. The influence of temporary fixation to deflection control in construction of multi-span continuous beam bridge[R]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modeling and Simulation,2009, (4):219-224
[36]Mathivat, The Cantilever Construction of Prestressed Concrete Bridge[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1983:54-56
[37]张道省,朱小坚,王善举.梁济运河大桥挂篮预压试验[J].山西建筑,2007,33(15)：309-310
[38]谢海涛.某大桥挂篮预压试验及实测结果分析[J].建材世界,2009,30(1)：81-83
[39]张鸣.预应力混凝土连续梁桥悬臂施工控制技术研究[D].南京：东南大学,2007：25-29
[40]郑青松,欧阳旋宇,曾清生.京津客运专线悬浇连续梁桥面平整度控制技术[J].国防交通工程与技术,2008,6(4)：70-72
[41]贾兆兵,解玉洋,余信箭,王平安.宽截面现浇混凝土箱梁顶板平整度控制[J].交通科技,2007,(3)：26-28