电脑横机控制器的硬件设计
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摘要
电脑针织横机是一种由电脑控制的自动化程度很高的横编针织机械,主要用于针织服装和工艺品的编织制造,主要用户为羊毛/绒衫(裤)及手套生产厂家,尤其是高档产品--羊绒制品的生产厂家。电脑针织横机除了用于传统的棉、毛针织外,还可用于山羊绒、天然丝、麻、兔毛以及晴纶、锦纶等人造纤维和混纺纱线的针织。
本论文在对电脑横机系统的结构和功能进行分析的基础上,提出了一个以ARM微处理器和FPGA器件为中心构建硬件平台、基于Linux的嵌入式横机控制系统解决方案。
横机控制器可以根据编织要求输入的信号和来自机器的同步信号,及时发出各个控制指令,以实现编织所需的各个特定动作,自动完成编织。它主要由硬件平台和软件平台两部分组成。硬件平台主要包括基于三星公司的2410的CPU核心电路、基于FPGA的协处理器设计用以完成外围电磁铁和同步信号等的辅助管理、电磁铁以及电机等的功率驱动这几部分。软件平台主要包括Linux操作系统、设备驱动程序和协处理器的逻辑程序。
与传统的基于MCU或工控机的电脑横机控制系统相比,本横机系统设计合理,系统集成度高,具有很高的性价比,初步估算价格为同类进口产品的1/2,性能优越,有很强的市场竞争力,同时系统可设计和读取市面上流行的多种花型文件,具备很强的通用性。
Computerized flat knitter is a kind of highly automated flat knit machinery, used mainly in fabrication of clothes and crafts by textile industry. Computerized flat knitter could be used for fabrication of both traditional materials and various other kinds.Based on the analysis of construction and function of the system, the project proposes a design of an embedded control system based on ARM, FPGA and Linux for the flat knitter.The core part of the machine is the control system, which generates instructions following the requests of weaving and the synchronized signals from the machine to make it work automatically. The hardware platform of this scheme includes core application system circuit, implementing circuit of process, and those involving keyboard and display device. Specifically, S3C2410A processor based on ARM9 core of Samsung is applied as CPU. For the problem of more than 200 connections from I/O to main processor, we apply two FPGA chips as the expansion to form the implementing circuit of process. The software platform includes Boot Loader, device driver, man-machine interface and control application.Compared to traditional control systems based on MCU or IPC, this project processes the properties of proper design and highly integrated control ability, high performance/price ratio, estimated as half of the contemporary imports, and first class versatility, meaning ability to read and design various pattern files popular on the market.
本论文在对电脑横机系统的结构和功能进行分析的基础上,提出了一个以ARM微处理器和FPGA器件为中心构建硬件平台、基于Linux的嵌入式横机控制系统解决方案。
横机控制器可以根据编织要求输入的信号和来自机器的同步信号,及时发出各个控制指令,以实现编织所需的各个特定动作,自动完成编织。它主要由硬件平台和软件平台两部分组成。硬件平台主要包括基于三星公司的2410的CPU核心电路、基于FPGA的协处理器设计用以完成外围电磁铁和同步信号等的辅助管理、电磁铁以及电机等的功率驱动这几部分。软件平台主要包括Linux操作系统、设备驱动程序和协处理器的逻辑程序。
与传统的基于MCU或工控机的电脑横机控制系统相比,本横机系统设计合理,系统集成度高,具有很高的性价比,初步估算价格为同类进口产品的1/2,性能优越,有很强的市场竞争力,同时系统可设计和读取市面上流行的多种花型文件,具备很强的通用性。
Computerized flat knitter is a kind of highly automated flat knit machinery, used mainly in fabrication of clothes and crafts by textile industry. Computerized flat knitter could be used for fabrication of both traditional materials and various other kinds.Based on the analysis of construction and function of the system, the project proposes a design of an embedded control system based on ARM, FPGA and Linux for the flat knitter.The core part of the machine is the control system, which generates instructions following the requests of weaving and the synchronized signals from the machine to make it work automatically. The hardware platform of this scheme includes core application system circuit, implementing circuit of process, and those involving keyboard and display device. Specifically, S3C2410A processor based on ARM9 core of Samsung is applied as CPU. For the problem of more than 200 connections from I/O to main processor, we apply two FPGA chips as the expansion to form the implementing circuit of process. The software platform includes Boot Loader, device driver, man-machine interface and control application.Compared to traditional control systems based on MCU or IPC, this project processes the properties of proper design and highly integrated control ability, high performance/price ratio, estimated as half of the contemporary imports, and first class versatility, meaning ability to read and design various pattern files popular on the market.
引文
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[24] 刘光斌.单片机系统实用抗干扰技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[25] 王诚.FPGA/CPLD设计工具—Xilinx ISE 5.X使用详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2003.
[26] 胡伟雄.电脑横机控制器的设计[M].浙江大学硕士学位论文.2005.
[27] 胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.
[2] 郑向阳.电脑针织横机针床横移机构的设计[J].针织工业.2001.1
[3] 胡红.新型横机构造与编织[M].北京:中国纺织出版社.1993.
[4] 闫燕.CK132电脑提花横机的电气控制系统[M].黑龙江纺织.2003.1
[5] 徐志军.CPLD/FPGA的开发与应用[M].电子工业出版社.2004
[6] 孙航.Xilinx可编程逻辑器件的高级应用与设计技巧[M].电子工业出版社.2004
[7] 杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2003.
[8] 深圳市英蓓特信息技术有限公司.EMBEST ARM教学系统实验指导[M].深圳:深圳市英蓓特信息技术有限公司.2003.
[9] 慕春棣.嵌入式系统的构建[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2004.
[10] Altera company.ACEX 1K Programmable Logic Device Family.2003.5
[11] Altera company. Configuring Mercury,APEX 20K (2.5 V), ACEX 1K &FLEX 10K Devices.2004.7
[12] Altera company .Configuration Devices for RAM-Based LUT Devices Data Sheet.2004.7
[13] 陈耀和VHDL语言设计技术[M].电子工业出版社.2005
[14] 常小明.Verilog-HDL实践与应用系统设计[M].北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
[15] Altera company. Cyclone FPGA Family Data sheet
[16] Altera company. Configuration&test.2003.5
[17] 姜萍.FPGA实现的直接数字频率合成器[M].电子工程师,2002,28(5):43-47.
[18] 刘晨.直接数字频率合成器的设计及FPGA实现[M].微电子学与计算机,2004.21(5):63-65.
[19] 刘成尧 基于CPLD集成芯片FLEX6016实现DDS技术的任意波形发生器的研制[M].电测与仪表,2003.40(4):14-18.
[20] 陈泽强.基于FPGA的数控振荡器设计及其性能分析[M].山东工业大学学报,2000.30(6):584-588.
[21] Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. Platform-Based Design and Software Design Methodology for Embedded Systems. IEEE, 2001.
[22] IEEE Computer Society. IEEE Standard Verilog Hardware Description Language (IEEE Std 1364-2001).
[23] 蔡仁钢.电磁兼容原理、设计和预测技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2003.
[24] 刘光斌.单片机系统实用抗干扰技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[25] 王诚.FPGA/CPLD设计工具—Xilinx ISE 5.X使用详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2003.
[26] 胡伟雄.电脑横机控制器的设计[M].浙江大学硕士学位论文.2005.
[27] 胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.