杉木人工林密度调控试验研究
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摘要
林分密度调控,是培养杉木大径材的主要技术措施,本研究旨在通过不同造林密度、间伐后保留不同密度林分的对比试验,确定培养杉木大径材的合理密度、在不同的林龄阶段的林分密度调控技术,保证林木的个体和群体得到最大的生长量。
本研究以人工杉木林为试验对象,进行不同造林密度和中龄林间伐两个不同阶段的研究,分析各试验林分密度对胸径、单株材积、林分蓄积和冠幅的影响。
对不同造林密度的林分进行15年的连续调查和分析,结果表明：造林密度对树高有一定影响,但差异不显著；胸径、单株材积和冠幅随密度的增大而减小,4年后各区组间差异一直显著,并且差异越来越大；蓄积量随密度的增加而增加,在7-12年差异显著。随着密度的增加,小径阶株数百分比明显增大,大径阶株数急剧减小,株数分布曲线峰值(中央径阶)偏左,每降低一个密度级,峰值向右移动一个径阶。
间伐后,林分密度对林分平均胸径的影响显著,胸径随年龄的增加而递增；从方差分析的F检验值的变化看出,F值随林龄的增加而减小,差异均不显著；林分平均树高生长随年龄增加而递增,通过方差分析,差异不显著；林分密度对林分平均单株材积有显著影响,而且影响的规律和林分密度对林分平均胸径的影响相同,单株材积密度Ⅰ-1125株/hm2更加明显的大于另外三个密度处理下的林分样地,并且密度间差值随年龄增加而增加；相同密度下林分蓄积随林龄增加而增加,密度Ⅰ-1125株/hm2与密度Ⅳ-1575株/hm2的蓄积量明显大于密度Ⅲ、Ⅳ下处理的林分,方差分析的结果：F检验值随林龄增加而减小,不同密度对林分的蓄积量均无差异。
The density regulation is the main technique means of cultivating large diameter timber for Cunninghamia lanceolata, through the different density and different forest ages trials, the rational density and regulation technique for different forest ages would be determined to get maximum growth of the Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamo)
This research with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation for example, carry on a different planting density, different density regulation and selecting feeling at middle-aged forest,to analysis the effects of each trials on the DBH, tree volume, forest volume and crown.
Through different planting density investigated and analysis for 15 years, the results showed that the planting density had certain influence on the tree height, but non significant difference. The DBH tree volume and crown reduced with the density increased, with a significant difference after 4 years, and the difference increased with the ages; stand volume increased with the increment of the density, and difference at 7-12 years.Along with the increment of the density, small diameter hold a large proportion and big diameter had the few percentages, The tree number distribute curve value to be partial to left, each lower a density class, peak value rightwards move a diameter rank.
After felling, the influence of the density upon the average diameter was significant, DBH increased with age incresing;From square variation analysis of F test value can see, F value reduced with ages increment but non significant difference; the average tree height increased with the age increment but non significant difference.The density had a significant effect on the tree volume and the effect was same as DBH, The density of 1125 stub/hm2 had more obvious than other treatments and the density difference was increased with the age increasing, under the same density, the stand volume increased with the age increasing. From a variation test, F value reduced with the age increasing and the effect of density on the stand volume had non significant difference.
本研究以人工杉木林为试验对象,进行不同造林密度和中龄林间伐两个不同阶段的研究,分析各试验林分密度对胸径、单株材积、林分蓄积和冠幅的影响。
对不同造林密度的林分进行15年的连续调查和分析,结果表明：造林密度对树高有一定影响,但差异不显著；胸径、单株材积和冠幅随密度的增大而减小,4年后各区组间差异一直显著,并且差异越来越大；蓄积量随密度的增加而增加,在7-12年差异显著。随着密度的增加,小径阶株数百分比明显增大,大径阶株数急剧减小,株数分布曲线峰值(中央径阶)偏左,每降低一个密度级,峰值向右移动一个径阶。
间伐后,林分密度对林分平均胸径的影响显著,胸径随年龄的增加而递增；从方差分析的F检验值的变化看出,F值随林龄的增加而减小,差异均不显著；林分平均树高生长随年龄增加而递增,通过方差分析,差异不显著；林分密度对林分平均单株材积有显著影响,而且影响的规律和林分密度对林分平均胸径的影响相同,单株材积密度Ⅰ-1125株/hm2更加明显的大于另外三个密度处理下的林分样地,并且密度间差值随年龄增加而增加；相同密度下林分蓄积随林龄增加而增加,密度Ⅰ-1125株/hm2与密度Ⅳ-1575株/hm2的蓄积量明显大于密度Ⅲ、Ⅳ下处理的林分,方差分析的结果：F检验值随林龄增加而减小,不同密度对林分的蓄积量均无差异。
The density regulation is the main technique means of cultivating large diameter timber for Cunninghamia lanceolata, through the different density and different forest ages trials, the rational density and regulation technique for different forest ages would be determined to get maximum growth of the Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamo)
This research with Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation for example, carry on a different planting density, different density regulation and selecting feeling at middle-aged forest,to analysis the effects of each trials on the DBH, tree volume, forest volume and crown.
Through different planting density investigated and analysis for 15 years, the results showed that the planting density had certain influence on the tree height, but non significant difference. The DBH tree volume and crown reduced with the density increased, with a significant difference after 4 years, and the difference increased with the ages; stand volume increased with the increment of the density, and difference at 7-12 years.Along with the increment of the density, small diameter hold a large proportion and big diameter had the few percentages, The tree number distribute curve value to be partial to left, each lower a density class, peak value rightwards move a diameter rank.
After felling, the influence of the density upon the average diameter was significant, DBH increased with age incresing;From square variation analysis of F test value can see, F value reduced with ages increment but non significant difference; the average tree height increased with the age increment but non significant difference.The density had a significant effect on the tree volume and the effect was same as DBH, The density of 1125 stub/hm2 had more obvious than other treatments and the density difference was increased with the age increasing, under the same density, the stand volume increased with the age increasing. From a variation test, F value reduced with the age increasing and the effect of density on the stand volume had non significant difference.
引文
[1]吴中伦.1984.杉木.北京：中国林业出版社
[2]温佐吾.不同密度2代连栽马尾松人工林生产力水平比较.浙江林学院学报,2004,21(1)：22-27
[3]谌红辉,丁贵杰.马尾松造林密度效应研究.林业科学,2004,40(1)：92-98
[4]林建华.马尾松造林密度与林分生长效应试验.福建林业科技,2005,32(3)：137-139
[5]刘潘全.马尾松桐棉种源优良家系造林密度试验初报.广西林业科学,2006,35(supp)：20-21
[6]夏玉芳,谌红辉.造林密度对马尾松木材主要性质影响的研究.林业科学,2002,38(2)：114-118
[7]坂上幸雄,朱配演,陈学群等.马尾松造林密度试验研究.福建林业科技,1997,24(4)：9-13
[8]黄旺志,赵剑平,王昌薇等.不同造林密度对杉木生长的影响.河南农业大学学报,1997,31(4)：379-385
[9]黄传英,林星华.杉木造林密度实验研究报告.福建林业科技,1990,59(1)：18-27
[10]杉木造林密度试验协作组.杉木造林密度试验阶段报告.林业科学,1994,30(5)：419-429
[11]方文彬,钟丽辉,戴秀珍.栽植密度对杉木木材干缩性能的影响.中南林学院学报,1998,18(2)：52-55
[12]陈孝.关于杉木成林密度和木材产量关系的研究
[13]童书振,盛炜彤,张建国.杉木林分密度效应研究.林业科学研究,2002,15(1)：66-75
[14]陈辉,何宗明,洪伟.杉木人工林密度效应模型研究福建林学院学报1992,12(3)：277-282
[15]揭建林,骆昱春,龙蔚等.南岭山地杉木人工林密度试验研究.江西农业大学学报,2007,29(2)
[16]林开敏,俞新妥,邱尔发.杉木造林密度生长效应规律的研究.福建林学院学报1996,16(1)：53-56
[17]李春明抚育间伐对人工林分生物量的影响研究 学位论文：1
[18]项文化,田大伦,闰文德.中低强度间伐对杆材阶段马尾松林生物量的影响.中南林学院学报,2001,21(1)：10-13
[19,24]宋庆安,李午平,唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林抚育间伐试验研究.湖南林业科技,2005,32(5)：25-28
[20]林少华.马尾松抚育问伐强度效应试验.林业调查规划,2006,Feb31(1)：9-10
[21]姚克平.马尾松人工林不同抚育间伐强度的生长效应研究
[22]李志新.适用技术.杉木林抚育间伐
[23]童书振,张建国,罗红艳等.杉木林密度间伐试验.林业科学,2000,36(1)：86-89
[24]宋庆安,李午平,唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林抚育间伐试验研究.湖南林业科技,2005,32(5)：25-28
[25]李春明,杜纪山,张会儒.抚育间伐对森林生长的影响及其模型研究[J].林业科学,2003,16(5)：636-641.
[26]吴际友,龙应忠,童方平等湿地松人工林间伐效果初步研究.林业科学,1995,8(6)：630-633
[27]黄家荣,杨世逸.预估间伐后林分直径分布特征数的研究.北京林业大学学报1995,17(3)：16-17
[28]孙建昌,罗兴会.麻江示范区森林健康现状及健康经营探讨[J].贵州林业科技,2002,12,30(4)：34-38.
[29]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[30]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[31]北京林业大学1986测树学中国林业出版社
[32]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[33]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[2]温佐吾.不同密度2代连栽马尾松人工林生产力水平比较.浙江林学院学报,2004,21(1)：22-27
[3]谌红辉,丁贵杰.马尾松造林密度效应研究.林业科学,2004,40(1)：92-98
[4]林建华.马尾松造林密度与林分生长效应试验.福建林业科技,2005,32(3)：137-139
[5]刘潘全.马尾松桐棉种源优良家系造林密度试验初报.广西林业科学,2006,35(supp)：20-21
[6]夏玉芳,谌红辉.造林密度对马尾松木材主要性质影响的研究.林业科学,2002,38(2)：114-118
[7]坂上幸雄,朱配演,陈学群等.马尾松造林密度试验研究.福建林业科技,1997,24(4)：9-13
[8]黄旺志,赵剑平,王昌薇等.不同造林密度对杉木生长的影响.河南农业大学学报,1997,31(4)：379-385
[9]黄传英,林星华.杉木造林密度实验研究报告.福建林业科技,1990,59(1)：18-27
[10]杉木造林密度试验协作组.杉木造林密度试验阶段报告.林业科学,1994,30(5)：419-429
[11]方文彬,钟丽辉,戴秀珍.栽植密度对杉木木材干缩性能的影响.中南林学院学报,1998,18(2)：52-55
[12]陈孝.关于杉木成林密度和木材产量关系的研究
[13]童书振,盛炜彤,张建国.杉木林分密度效应研究.林业科学研究,2002,15(1)：66-75
[14]陈辉,何宗明,洪伟.杉木人工林密度效应模型研究福建林学院学报1992,12(3)：277-282
[15]揭建林,骆昱春,龙蔚等.南岭山地杉木人工林密度试验研究.江西农业大学学报,2007,29(2)
[16]林开敏,俞新妥,邱尔发.杉木造林密度生长效应规律的研究.福建林学院学报1996,16(1)：53-56
[17]李春明抚育间伐对人工林分生物量的影响研究 学位论文：1
[18]项文化,田大伦,闰文德.中低强度间伐对杆材阶段马尾松林生物量的影响.中南林学院学报,2001,21(1)：10-13
[19,24]宋庆安,李午平,唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林抚育间伐试验研究.湖南林业科技,2005,32(5)：25-28
[20]林少华.马尾松抚育问伐强度效应试验.林业调查规划,2006,Feb31(1)：9-10
[21]姚克平.马尾松人工林不同抚育间伐强度的生长效应研究
[22]李志新.适用技术.杉木林抚育间伐
[23]童书振,张建国,罗红艳等.杉木林密度间伐试验.林业科学,2000,36(1)：86-89
[24]宋庆安,李午平,唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林抚育间伐试验研究.湖南林业科技,2005,32(5)：25-28
[25]李春明,杜纪山,张会儒.抚育间伐对森林生长的影响及其模型研究[J].林业科学,2003,16(5)：636-641.
[26]吴际友,龙应忠,童方平等湿地松人工林间伐效果初步研究.林业科学,1995,8(6)：630-633
[27]黄家荣,杨世逸.预估间伐后林分直径分布特征数的研究.北京林业大学学报1995,17(3)：16-17
[28]孙建昌,罗兴会.麻江示范区森林健康现状及健康经营探讨[J].贵州林业科技,2002,12,30(4)：34-38.
[29]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[30]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[31]北京林业大学1986测树学中国林业出版社
[32]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷
[33]丁贵杰,周政贤,严仁发.造林密度对杉木进程及经济效果影响的研究,林业科学.1997第33卷