基于光谱特征信息的芦苇生物量反演研究
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摘要
芦苇作为辽宁双台河口湿地的第一生产者,其生长状况直接决定了该湿地生态系统的生态功能,芦苇生物量的遥感研究对湿地生态系统的质量评价和生态系统的保护具有重要的意义。
本项研究以辽宁双台河口自然保护区为试验区,根据实地测量的芦苇反射光谱数据,建立该区域芦苇的光谱数据库,提取芦苇光谱维特征参数;并以光谱维特征为依据选取卫星数据,分析卫星数据与实测芦苇光谱特征的相关性,进而应用光谱角角度匹配、光谱特征拟合、二进制编码等三种光谱匹配技术,研究卫星数据光谱与实测芦苇光谱的匹配度,提取影像的芦苇像元,作为大面积自动估算芦苇生物量的基础。
分析卫星数据反演所得的DⅥ、NDⅥ、RDⅥ、ARⅥ与实测芦苇生物量的变化趋势和相关关系,选择相关性良好的植被指数拟合其与芦苇生物量的回归关系,建立芦苇生物量估算的回归模型,并应用该模型对二进制编码分类的芦苇像元进行生物量估算和生物量分布特征分析;复合人工分类的芦苇长势图和MODIS等数据探讨TM数据反映芦苇生物量的能力及其不确定性;最后提出了进一步研究的关键和重点。
Reed is the primary producer of the Shuangtai Estuary Wetland. How well reed grows has a great controlling impact on the ecologic function of this wetland ecosystem. Thus, study on reed biomass using remote sensing technology makes good sense because it will help us in estimating the ecologic function as well as protecting the ecosystem.
This research took Shuangtai Estuary Nature Reserve as a case study, during which, reed's spectrum was collected in field firstly with Fieldspec FSR VNIR., then the Vegetation Spectral Features (VSFs) of reed were extracted and reed spectral library was built up. TM images were selected and spectrum of reed on them was then analysed to see how well it related to field-collected spectrum. Spectrum matching methiods such as Spectrum Angle Matching (SAM), Spectral Feature Fitting (SFF), Binary Encoding (BE) were tried to classify reed pixels from other pixels, then into different kinds with respect to their different field spectrums.
Vegetation Indexes (VIs) were derived from TM images, and their relationship with field-collected biomass were studied. Among the VIs, the ones that were well related to biomass were chosen to conduct regression analysis with biomass, and models to estimate reed biomass from VI were finally created. In the end, artificial classification was done to see how well the Matching methods do in classification of reed pixels, as well as how well the estimation models work, and uncertainties and work for future were also discussed.
本项研究以辽宁双台河口自然保护区为试验区,根据实地测量的芦苇反射光谱数据,建立该区域芦苇的光谱数据库,提取芦苇光谱维特征参数;并以光谱维特征为依据选取卫星数据,分析卫星数据与实测芦苇光谱特征的相关性,进而应用光谱角角度匹配、光谱特征拟合、二进制编码等三种光谱匹配技术,研究卫星数据光谱与实测芦苇光谱的匹配度,提取影像的芦苇像元,作为大面积自动估算芦苇生物量的基础。
分析卫星数据反演所得的DⅥ、NDⅥ、RDⅥ、ARⅥ与实测芦苇生物量的变化趋势和相关关系,选择相关性良好的植被指数拟合其与芦苇生物量的回归关系,建立芦苇生物量估算的回归模型,并应用该模型对二进制编码分类的芦苇像元进行生物量估算和生物量分布特征分析;复合人工分类的芦苇长势图和MODIS等数据探讨TM数据反映芦苇生物量的能力及其不确定性;最后提出了进一步研究的关键和重点。
Reed is the primary producer of the Shuangtai Estuary Wetland. How well reed grows has a great controlling impact on the ecologic function of this wetland ecosystem. Thus, study on reed biomass using remote sensing technology makes good sense because it will help us in estimating the ecologic function as well as protecting the ecosystem.
This research took Shuangtai Estuary Nature Reserve as a case study, during which, reed's spectrum was collected in field firstly with Fieldspec FSR VNIR., then the Vegetation Spectral Features (VSFs) of reed were extracted and reed spectral library was built up. TM images were selected and spectrum of reed on them was then analysed to see how well it related to field-collected spectrum. Spectrum matching methiods such as Spectrum Angle Matching (SAM), Spectral Feature Fitting (SFF), Binary Encoding (BE) were tried to classify reed pixels from other pixels, then into different kinds with respect to their different field spectrums.
Vegetation Indexes (VIs) were derived from TM images, and their relationship with field-collected biomass were studied. Among the VIs, the ones that were well related to biomass were chosen to conduct regression analysis with biomass, and models to estimate reed biomass from VI were finally created. In the end, artificial classification was done to see how well the Matching methods do in classification of reed pixels, as well as how well the estimation models work, and uncertainties and work for future were also discussed.
引文
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[2]杜华强.荒漠化地区高光谱遥感数据预处理及地物光谱重建的研究[D].东北林业大学学位论文,2002.
[3]张凯,郭铌,王润元,等.西北荒漠草甸植被光谱反射特征研究[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(10):1063-1069.
[4]童庆禧,田国良,中国典型地物波谱及其特征分析[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
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[6]田庆久,宫鹏,赵春江等.用光谱反射率诊断小麦水分状况的可行性分析[J].科学通报,2000,45(24):2645-2650.
[7]唐延林,黄敬峰,王秀珍等.水稻、玉米、棉花的高光谱及其红边特征比较[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(1):29-35.
[8]刘建明,陈建平.波谱曲线指数化的方法和意义[J].地球科学进展,1995,10(2):205-209.
[9]田国良.矿产地质调查中的成像光谱遥感技术[J].地球科学进展,1992,7(5):74-75.
[10]苏理宏,李小文,王锦地等.典型地物波谱知识库建库与波谱服务的若干问题[J].地球科学进展.2002,12(4):8-15.
[11]田庆久,王世新,王乐意等.典型地物标准波谱数据库系统设计[J].遥感技术与应用,2003,18(4):185-190.
[12]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[13]Boochs F.Shape of the Red Edge as Vitality Indicator for plants.International Journal of Remote Sensing[J],1990:11(10):1741-1753.
[14]Green A,Berman M,Switzer P,et al.A transformation for ordering multispectral data in terms of image quality with implications for noise removal[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1988,26(1):65-74
[15]谭倩,赵永超,童庆禧,郑兰芬.植被光谱维特征提取模型[J].遥感信息.2001,1:14-18.
[16]沈涛.干旱区植被光谱特征分析研究[D].新疆大学硕士研究生学位论文,2004.
[17]郝文芳,陈存根,梁宗锁等.植被生物量的研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(2):175-182.
[18]仝慧杰.森林生物量遥感反演建模基础与方法研究[D].北京林业大学博士学位论文,2007.
[19]FOODY,G.M.,CUTLER,M.E.,MCMORROW,J.,et al,Mapping the biomass of Bornean tropical rain forest from remotely sensed data[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2001,10:379-387.
[20]Curran P J,Dungan J L,Gholz H L,Seasonal LAI in slash pine estimated with Landsat TM[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1992,39:3 - 13.
[21]Daolan Zheng,John Rademacherb,J iquan Chena,et al,Estimating aboveground biomass usingLandsat 7 ETM+ data across a managed landscape in northern Wisconsin,USA[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,93:402 - 411.
[22]Dong J,Kanfmann R K,Myneni R B,et al,Remote sensing estimates of boreal and temperate forest woody biomass:Carbonpools,sources and sinks[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,84:393-410.
[23]Sophie Moreau,Thuy Le Toan,Biomass quantification of Andean wetland forages using ERS satellite SAR data for optimizing livestock management[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,84(2003)477-492
[24]A.Leboeuf,A.Beaudoin,R.A.Fournier,et al,shadow fraction method for mapping biomass of northern boreal black spruce forests using QuickBird imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,110(2007):488-500.
[25]Christophe Proisy,Pierre Couteron,Fran(?)ois Fromard,Predicting and mapping mangrove biomass from canopy grain analysis using Fourier-based textural ordination of IKONOS images[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,109(2007) 379 - 392.
[26]H.Balzter,C.S.Rowland,P.Saich,Forest canopy height and carbon estimation at Monks Wood National Nature Reserve,UK,using dual-wavelength SAR interferometry[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,108(2007) 224 - 239.
[27]李开丽,蒋建军,等.植被叶面积指数遥感监测模型[J].生态学报,2005,25(6):1491-1496.
[28]郑元润,周广胜,等.基于NDVI的中国天然森林植被净第一性生产力模型[J],植物生态学报,2000,24(1):9-12.
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