黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔三段沉积体系研究
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摘要
孔南地区是指孔店凸起至灯明寺的广大坳陷地区,是黄骅坳陷中的第二大富油凹陷,勘探面积为4700km2。孔南地区油气资源的特点是小而肥,该地区是大港油田的后继战场。经过前人多年对该区进行的是有地质勘探与开发,对构造解剖、储层成岩作用、油气形成基础等多方面进行了研究,推动孔店组的地层-岩性油气藏勘探的进程,但仍在物源体系、沉积相类型等方面的认识上仍存在分歧。针对上述研究的意义和存在的问题,本论文以黄骅坳陷孔南地区为研究范围,以孔店组孔三段作为研究对象,以陆相层序地层学理论及其方法为指导,开展该地区地层格架及沉积体系类型、古物源和古水系等进行研究,以期揭示孔南地区层序地层和沉积体系的研究。
利用钻井岩心、测井、地震以及室内分析化验资料,在沉积相标志分析基础上,依据岩石组合、沉积组构、剖面结构等特征,识别出了辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲、扇三角洲、湖泊(淡水湖)、冲积扇和滩坝等6种沉积相类型,并对各沉积相、亚相和微相进行了详细分析。
采用砾石成分、砂岩骨架成分、重矿物、砂体分散体系、多元统计、地震反射结构等资料的分析,对孔三段沉积时期的物源体系进行了分析。认为孔三段存在北部、东部、南部和西部四大物源区和两大水系类型。
在上述分析的基础上,对孔三段开展了沉积体系分析,刻画沉积体系在空间上的展布规律。受控于盆缘类型,总结出于4种沉积体系充填样式,分别为辫状河三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式、冲积扇—冲积平原沉积体系充填样式、曲流河三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式、扇三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式。
孔店南部地区孔三段沉积时期属于华北大陆初次裂解期,也是黄骅坳陷新生代断陷盆地发育的最早期,研究区沧东断层开始活动并控制沉积,孔三段表现为早期断陷型沉积的特点。孔三段主要为伸展构造样式。
Kongnan area is the second oil-rich sag of southern Huanghua Depression,from Kongnan bulge to Dengming temple ; 4700km2 area.The hydrocarbon resource of Kongnan area’s feature is small but rich. As demonstrated by many years’petroleum exploration, Kongnan area is abundant of petroleum resources in Ek2 of Kongdian Formation. However, there are some differences in previous researches on deposit sourcees and sedimentary systems.
Aimed at the above research meaning and problems, this thesis studying on Ek3 of Kongnan area, analyses its isochronal stratigraphic framework, the types of sedimentary systems and paleo-river systems and basin margin types, then reveals sedimentary systems spatial distributing feature and deposition filling patterns through theories and methods of Sedimentary Geology and Continental sequence stratigraphy. Utilizating the datas of drilling core, well log, seismic and interior testing analysis, based on sedimentary facies indicator analysis, and also according to the characters of rock association, sedimentary structure, section structure and evolutionary series, it identifies 6 types of depositional systems, including braided river delta, fan delta meandering river delta, beach bar, tuibidite fan and lake. And the paper establishes typical phase sequences.
Utilizating the components of grave and sandstone, heavy minerals and sandstone bodies dispersion system to analyse paleo-provenances and paleo-river systems, it identifies that there were four provenance areas, northern, eastern, southern and western provenance area. And it developed two types of paleo-river systems, braided river systems and meandering river systems.
Based on the above analysis, this paper analyses on the sedimentary system and the spatial distributions of Kong Member 3. Restricted in the type of basin margin, It summarizes the four kinds of depositional systems, braided river delta-lake, alluvial fan-alluvial plain, meandering river delta-lake, and fan delta-lake depositional systems.
Deposition time of the Kong Member 3 in Kongnan area is during the first cracking in north China, and is also during the earliest development of Cenozoic fault basinin in Huanghua depression. Cangdong faults start its activities and to control the deposition, Kong Member 3 shows early faulting deposition features. structural models of Kong Member 3 is mainly Extensional Structural style.
利用钻井岩心、测井、地震以及室内分析化验资料,在沉积相标志分析基础上,依据岩石组合、沉积组构、剖面结构等特征,识别出了辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲、扇三角洲、湖泊(淡水湖)、冲积扇和滩坝等6种沉积相类型,并对各沉积相、亚相和微相进行了详细分析。
采用砾石成分、砂岩骨架成分、重矿物、砂体分散体系、多元统计、地震反射结构等资料的分析,对孔三段沉积时期的物源体系进行了分析。认为孔三段存在北部、东部、南部和西部四大物源区和两大水系类型。
在上述分析的基础上,对孔三段开展了沉积体系分析,刻画沉积体系在空间上的展布规律。受控于盆缘类型,总结出于4种沉积体系充填样式,分别为辫状河三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式、冲积扇—冲积平原沉积体系充填样式、曲流河三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式、扇三角洲—湖泊(滨浅湖)沉积体系充填样式。
孔店南部地区孔三段沉积时期属于华北大陆初次裂解期,也是黄骅坳陷新生代断陷盆地发育的最早期,研究区沧东断层开始活动并控制沉积,孔三段表现为早期断陷型沉积的特点。孔三段主要为伸展构造样式。
Kongnan area is the second oil-rich sag of southern Huanghua Depression,from Kongnan bulge to Dengming temple ; 4700km2 area.The hydrocarbon resource of Kongnan area’s feature is small but rich. As demonstrated by many years’petroleum exploration, Kongnan area is abundant of petroleum resources in Ek2 of Kongdian Formation. However, there are some differences in previous researches on deposit sourcees and sedimentary systems.
Aimed at the above research meaning and problems, this thesis studying on Ek3 of Kongnan area, analyses its isochronal stratigraphic framework, the types of sedimentary systems and paleo-river systems and basin margin types, then reveals sedimentary systems spatial distributing feature and deposition filling patterns through theories and methods of Sedimentary Geology and Continental sequence stratigraphy. Utilizating the datas of drilling core, well log, seismic and interior testing analysis, based on sedimentary facies indicator analysis, and also according to the characters of rock association, sedimentary structure, section structure and evolutionary series, it identifies 6 types of depositional systems, including braided river delta, fan delta meandering river delta, beach bar, tuibidite fan and lake. And the paper establishes typical phase sequences.
Utilizating the components of grave and sandstone, heavy minerals and sandstone bodies dispersion system to analyse paleo-provenances and paleo-river systems, it identifies that there were four provenance areas, northern, eastern, southern and western provenance area. And it developed two types of paleo-river systems, braided river systems and meandering river systems.
Based on the above analysis, this paper analyses on the sedimentary system and the spatial distributions of Kong Member 3. Restricted in the type of basin margin, It summarizes the four kinds of depositional systems, braided river delta-lake, alluvial fan-alluvial plain, meandering river delta-lake, and fan delta-lake depositional systems.
Deposition time of the Kong Member 3 in Kongnan area is during the first cracking in north China, and is also during the earliest development of Cenozoic fault basinin in Huanghua depression. Cangdong faults start its activities and to control the deposition, Kong Member 3 shows early faulting deposition features. structural models of Kong Member 3 is mainly Extensional Structural style.
引文
[1]杨克绳.2006.中国含油气盆地结构和构造样式地震解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社
[2]大港油田石油地质志编辑委员会.1991.中国石油地质志(4)-大港油田[M],北京:石油工业出版社.
[3]王德发等. 1987.黄骅坳陷第三系沉积相及沉积环境[M],北京:地质出版社.
[4]张本棋,张洪山,康仁华等.2004.车镇凹陷层序地层与石油地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社
[5].河北省地质矿产局,1989.河北省北京市天津市区域地质志[M],北京:地质出版社.
[6]姚超,焦贵浩,王同和,刑厚松.2004.中国含油气构造样式[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[7]于兴河.2002.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[8]赵澄林,陈纯芳等.2003.渤海湾早第三纪油区岩相古地理及储层[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[9].薛叔浩,刘雯林,薛良清,袁选俊等.2002.湖盆沉积地质与油气勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[10]张世明,王华,王家豪等.2004.东濮凹陷文东地区层序地层格架与油气成藏条件分析[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社.
[11]周海民,董月霞等.2006.陆相断陷盆地层序地层学工作方法图集[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[12]许卫平,田海芹.2000.东营凹陷-惠民凹陷孔店组层序地层学研究与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,27(6):28～30.
[13]袁静,姜在兴. 2000.东营凹陷下第三系沙三下亚段孔店组沉积、成岩和油气成藏综合模式.矿物岩石,20(1):57～60.
[14]王建伟,赵勇生,田海芹.2001.东营惠民凹陷孔店组层序地层学研究[J].石油大学学报,25(6):1～5.
[15]周立宏,李勇,王振生,肖敦清等.2009.陆相断陷盆地缓坡带沉积体系与成藏动力学.北京:科学出版社.
[16]周玉琦,周荔青,郭念发.2004.中国东部新生代盆地油气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[17]黎赵红.2006.东营凹陷深层层序地层学研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,12: 178～179.
[18]纪友亮.1994.东营凹陷下第三系陆相层序地层学研究[J].地质论评,40:30～59
[19]陈洁.2004.济阳孔店构造转型期沉积盆地的特征及勘探意义[J].地球物理学进展,19(2): 392～398.
[20]李勇,黎兵,Steffn D,Densmore A L,Richardson N J,周荣军,Ellis M A,张毅.2006.青藏高原东缘晚新生代成都盆地物源分析与水系演化[J].沉积学报,24(3):309-320.
[21]李勇,周荣军,Densmore A L,Ellis M A,黎兵. 2006.青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代走滑挤压作用的沉积响应[J].沉积学报,24(2): 153～164.
[22]李勇,周荣军,A.L.Densmore,M.A.Ellis.2006.龙门山断裂带走滑方向的反转及其沉积与地貌标志[J].矿物岩石,26(4): 26～34.
[23]赵瞻.埕宁隆起北坡缓坡带古近纪沙河街组沉积体系分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[24]陈蓉.埕宁隆起北坡新近纪河流相层序地层分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[25] Wang Yuman,Research on the Principles of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Neogene in Inshore of Bohai Bay Basin[D],China University of Geosiences,2002
[26] Allen, P. A. and Allen,J. R., Basin Analysis principles and applications[M], London: British Petroleum Company plc., 1992,43～143
[27] Vail P R, Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Using Sequence Stratigraphy Part I: Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Procedure in Bally A W, Ed Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy[J].AAPG, Studies in Geology, 1987, 27, l～10.
[28] Cross T.A. A Stratigraphic Architecture, Correlation Concepts, Volumetric Partioning, Facies Differentiation, and Reservoir Compartmentalization from the Perspective of High Resolutiong Sequence Stratigraphy[J]. Research report of the genetic stratigrphy research group, DGGE, CSM, 1994: 28～41
[29] Galloway W. E., Genetic stratigraphic sequence in basin analysis: architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1989, 73(2): 125～142.
[30] Johnson, J.G., Klapper, G., Sandberg, C.A.. Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1985, 96, 567–587
[31] Cross T.A. Stratigraphic Controls on Reservoir Attributes in Continental Strate[J].地学前缘, 2000,7(4):322～350.
[32] Vail P R,Audemard F,Bowman S A ,et al. The stratigraphic signatures to tectonics ,eustasy and sedimentation : an overview [A ] . In : Einsele, ed. Cycles and events instratigraphy [C] . Berlin Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag, 1991. 615～659
[33] Cross T.A. Application of high- resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis [A].Subsurface Reservoir Characterization from Outcrop Observations Proceedings of the 7th E&P R search Conference Paris, Tecchni, 1993. 11～33
[2]大港油田石油地质志编辑委员会.1991.中国石油地质志(4)-大港油田[M],北京:石油工业出版社.
[3]王德发等. 1987.黄骅坳陷第三系沉积相及沉积环境[M],北京:地质出版社.
[4]张本棋,张洪山,康仁华等.2004.车镇凹陷层序地层与石油地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社
[5].河北省地质矿产局,1989.河北省北京市天津市区域地质志[M],北京:地质出版社.
[6]姚超,焦贵浩,王同和,刑厚松.2004.中国含油气构造样式[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[7]于兴河.2002.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[8]赵澄林,陈纯芳等.2003.渤海湾早第三纪油区岩相古地理及储层[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[9].薛叔浩,刘雯林,薛良清,袁选俊等.2002.湖盆沉积地质与油气勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[10]张世明,王华,王家豪等.2004.东濮凹陷文东地区层序地层格架与油气成藏条件分析[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社.
[11]周海民,董月霞等.2006.陆相断陷盆地层序地层学工作方法图集[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[12]许卫平,田海芹.2000.东营凹陷-惠民凹陷孔店组层序地层学研究与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,27(6):28～30.
[13]袁静,姜在兴. 2000.东营凹陷下第三系沙三下亚段孔店组沉积、成岩和油气成藏综合模式.矿物岩石,20(1):57～60.
[14]王建伟,赵勇生,田海芹.2001.东营惠民凹陷孔店组层序地层学研究[J].石油大学学报,25(6):1～5.
[15]周立宏,李勇,王振生,肖敦清等.2009.陆相断陷盆地缓坡带沉积体系与成藏动力学.北京:科学出版社.
[16]周玉琦,周荔青,郭念发.2004.中国东部新生代盆地油气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
[17]黎赵红.2006.东营凹陷深层层序地层学研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,12: 178～179.
[18]纪友亮.1994.东营凹陷下第三系陆相层序地层学研究[J].地质论评,40:30～59
[19]陈洁.2004.济阳孔店构造转型期沉积盆地的特征及勘探意义[J].地球物理学进展,19(2): 392～398.
[20]李勇,黎兵,Steffn D,Densmore A L,Richardson N J,周荣军,Ellis M A,张毅.2006.青藏高原东缘晚新生代成都盆地物源分析与水系演化[J].沉积学报,24(3):309-320.
[21]李勇,周荣军,Densmore A L,Ellis M A,黎兵. 2006.青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代走滑挤压作用的沉积响应[J].沉积学报,24(2): 153～164.
[22]李勇,周荣军,A.L.Densmore,M.A.Ellis.2006.龙门山断裂带走滑方向的反转及其沉积与地貌标志[J].矿物岩石,26(4): 26～34.
[23]赵瞻.埕宁隆起北坡缓坡带古近纪沙河街组沉积体系分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[24]陈蓉.埕宁隆起北坡新近纪河流相层序地层分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[25] Wang Yuman,Research on the Principles of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Neogene in Inshore of Bohai Bay Basin[D],China University of Geosiences,2002
[26] Allen, P. A. and Allen,J. R., Basin Analysis principles and applications[M], London: British Petroleum Company plc., 1992,43～143
[27] Vail P R, Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Using Sequence Stratigraphy Part I: Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Procedure in Bally A W, Ed Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy[J].AAPG, Studies in Geology, 1987, 27, l～10.
[28] Cross T.A. A Stratigraphic Architecture, Correlation Concepts, Volumetric Partioning, Facies Differentiation, and Reservoir Compartmentalization from the Perspective of High Resolutiong Sequence Stratigraphy[J]. Research report of the genetic stratigrphy research group, DGGE, CSM, 1994: 28～41
[29] Galloway W. E., Genetic stratigraphic sequence in basin analysis: architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1989, 73(2): 125～142.
[30] Johnson, J.G., Klapper, G., Sandberg, C.A.. Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1985, 96, 567–587
[31] Cross T.A. Stratigraphic Controls on Reservoir Attributes in Continental Strate[J].地学前缘, 2000,7(4):322～350.
[32] Vail P R,Audemard F,Bowman S A ,et al. The stratigraphic signatures to tectonics ,eustasy and sedimentation : an overview [A ] . In : Einsele, ed. Cycles and events instratigraphy [C] . Berlin Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag, 1991. 615～659
[33] Cross T.A. Application of high- resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis [A].Subsurface Reservoir Characterization from Outcrop Observations Proceedings of the 7th E&P R search Conference Paris, Tecchni, 1993. 11～33