基于GPS & GPRS个人追踪系统的设计与实现
摘要
随着全球范围内通信、导航和计算机技术的不断融合,传统的GPS应用领域不断得到扩展,越来越多的通信、计算机、安全和消费类电子产品中嵌入了GPS技术。车用GPS、GPS手机等便携式定位追踪产品已经成为市场应用中的热点,但针对个人追踪的产品开发较少,特别是具有实时追踪功能的中低端产品更是少之又少。
本论文提出的基于GPS & GPRS个人追踪系统是以自我保护能力较弱的人群为使用对象,如体弱的老人、年幼的儿童以及某些疾病(各种类型的痴呆症、老年痴呆症、自闭症、唐氏症或其他类似疾病)的患者等。本系统能够帮助人们快捷、简便地寻找到走失者或是需要救助的人,以避免危险的发生。系统设计基于一个微处理器,包括一个GPS接收模块以及一个GPRS调制解调器和SIM卡。
本论文主要完成了三个方面的工作:
(1)个人追踪系统的整体方案设计:结合该领域的技术背景、市场应用情况,对系统的使用对象、功能定位以及应用前景进行了分析,并在此基础上,给出了系统的工作模型和整体结构框架。
(2)个人追踪系统的硬件设计:完成了微处理器、GPS模块和GPRS模块间的通信端口配置和接口设计;完成了系统中各功能部分的硬件电路设计;对在设计中遇到的疑难问题给出了相应的解决办法。
(3)个人追踪系统的部分软件设计:完成了GPS、GPRS等主要功能的详细流程设计。
通过对相关硬件的充分研讨和对电路连接的认真设计,本人完成了基于GPS & GPRS个人追踪系统的实验用板,经测试,硬件电路连接性良好、基本符合设计要求,证明了论文中阐述的硬件设计的正确性。
With the worldwide integration of communication, navigation and computer technologies, the traditional GPS appliction has been extended and the GPS technology is embedded into more and more communication devices, computers, security and cosumer electronics products. Automotive GPS products, GPS cell phones and other portable tracking sets have become the hot spots in market, but personal tracking products haven’t been developed so much. In particular, the products with the real-time tracking function and in the low-end are less.
This thesis puts forwad the personal tracking system based on GPS & GPRS for the target groups who can’t protect themselves well, such as frail elderly, young children, as well as certain diseases (all types of dementia, senile dementia, autism, Down’s syndrome or other similar diseases) patients and so on. The system can help people quickly and easily find lost persons or those who need help, in order to avoid danger. Based on a microprocessor, the system design includs a GPS receiver module, and a GPRS module with a SIM card.
The thesis includes following aspects:
(1) The whole design of personal tracking system: based on the technical background and market situation of this feild, the objects, functions positoning, as well as application prospects of the system are introduced, and then the working model and whole structure framework design are given.
(2) The hardware design of personal tracking system: the port configuration and interface design among microprocessor, GPS module and GPRS communication module are given; the hardware circuit for each function part in the system are designed and realized; and the problems that occured in the design process also have been given the solutions.
(3) The software design of personal tracking system: the software process of GPS, GPRS and other major functions of the system are given in detail. Through the full discussion of related hardware and careful design of circuit connection, the PCB board of the personal tracking system based on GPS & GPRS has been finished, and the hardware circuit connectivity tests well and meets basic design requirements, which proves that the hardware design in this thesis is correct.
本论文提出的基于GPS & GPRS个人追踪系统是以自我保护能力较弱的人群为使用对象,如体弱的老人、年幼的儿童以及某些疾病(各种类型的痴呆症、老年痴呆症、自闭症、唐氏症或其他类似疾病)的患者等。本系统能够帮助人们快捷、简便地寻找到走失者或是需要救助的人,以避免危险的发生。系统设计基于一个微处理器,包括一个GPS接收模块以及一个GPRS调制解调器和SIM卡。
本论文主要完成了三个方面的工作:
(1)个人追踪系统的整体方案设计:结合该领域的技术背景、市场应用情况,对系统的使用对象、功能定位以及应用前景进行了分析,并在此基础上,给出了系统的工作模型和整体结构框架。
(2)个人追踪系统的硬件设计:完成了微处理器、GPS模块和GPRS模块间的通信端口配置和接口设计;完成了系统中各功能部分的硬件电路设计;对在设计中遇到的疑难问题给出了相应的解决办法。
(3)个人追踪系统的部分软件设计:完成了GPS、GPRS等主要功能的详细流程设计。
通过对相关硬件的充分研讨和对电路连接的认真设计,本人完成了基于GPS & GPRS个人追踪系统的实验用板,经测试,硬件电路连接性良好、基本符合设计要求,证明了论文中阐述的硬件设计的正确性。
With the worldwide integration of communication, navigation and computer technologies, the traditional GPS appliction has been extended and the GPS technology is embedded into more and more communication devices, computers, security and cosumer electronics products. Automotive GPS products, GPS cell phones and other portable tracking sets have become the hot spots in market, but personal tracking products haven’t been developed so much. In particular, the products with the real-time tracking function and in the low-end are less.
This thesis puts forwad the personal tracking system based on GPS & GPRS for the target groups who can’t protect themselves well, such as frail elderly, young children, as well as certain diseases (all types of dementia, senile dementia, autism, Down’s syndrome or other similar diseases) patients and so on. The system can help people quickly and easily find lost persons or those who need help, in order to avoid danger. Based on a microprocessor, the system design includs a GPS receiver module, and a GPRS module with a SIM card.
The thesis includes following aspects:
(1) The whole design of personal tracking system: based on the technical background and market situation of this feild, the objects, functions positoning, as well as application prospects of the system are introduced, and then the working model and whole structure framework design are given.
(2) The hardware design of personal tracking system: the port configuration and interface design among microprocessor, GPS module and GPRS communication module are given; the hardware circuit for each function part in the system are designed and realized; and the problems that occured in the design process also have been given the solutions.
(3) The software design of personal tracking system: the software process of GPS, GPRS and other major functions of the system are given in detail. Through the full discussion of related hardware and careful design of circuit connection, the PCB board of the personal tracking system based on GPS & GPRS has been finished, and the hardware circuit connectivity tests well and meets basic design requirements, which proves that the hardware design in this thesis is correct.
引文
1 (美)卡普兰著,邱致和,王万义译. GPS原理与应用.电子工业出版社, 2002:1~3
2李明峰,冯宝红,刘三枝. GPS定位技术及其应用.国防工业出版社, 2006:160~181
3徐绍铨,张华海,杨志强,王泽民. GPS测量原理及应用.武汉大学出版社. 2003.01:154~190
4文志成.通用分组无线业务.电子工业出版社, 2004:125~137
5李贤成.基于GPS & GPRS的移动定位及信息交换终端的研究与实现.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007:6~9
6何香玲等. GPS全球卫星定位技术的发展现状、动态及应用.微计算机信息, 2002.18(5)
7黄国聪.从GPS产业链动荡看便携式导航技术的发展.电子产品世界. 2008.03:46~48
8 Telit.轻松监控安全无虞——便携式GSM/GPRS/GPS解决方案. http://www.enet.com.cn/article/2007/0217/A20070217447871.shtml, 2007.2.17
9环天卫星科技: http://www.globalsat.com.tw/
10危急时刻显身手SPOT个人追踪器简评. http://publish.it168.com/2008/0125/20080125005201.shtml, 2008.01.05
11中国空间信息产业进入快速发展阶段. http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20070517/02351409983.shtml, 2007.05.17
12欧敏铨. GPS接收器架构与设计挑战.电子产品世界. 2008.03:41
13王志英,李宗伯,陆洪毅,沈立,王进,侯方勇.嵌入式系统原理与设计.高等教育出版社. 2007.11:8~26 108~114
14田鹏飞.基于GPS & GPRS的车载监控终端硬件设计.中国科学技术大学硕士论文, 2006
15胡睿.嵌入式GPS多功能手持终端的设计与实现.华中师范大学硕士学位论文, 2007:10~13
16 Chin E. Lin, C. C. Li, J. H. Yeh. A Handy Surveillance System for e-Life Applications. IEEE. National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.2005:242~243
17 Guo Yongqiang, Fang Kangling, Nie Zedong. Design of Portable Personal Positioning System Based on SoC Technology. The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 2007
18 Cyan Technology: http://www.cyantechnology.com/
19 Cyan Technology. Asset Tracker Reference Design Description V1.1. January 2006
20高平.电子线路设计基础.化学工业出版社, 2006.11:61~65
21王松武,赵旦峰,于蕾,王扬.常用电路模块分析与设计指导.清华大学出版社, 2007.04:230~235 1~12
22 Cyan Technology. eCOG1k/μCOG1m 16位微处理器用户手册V4.6. 2006.08.25
23蒋辉平,周国雄.单片机原理与应用设计.北京航空航天大学出版社, 2007.09
24谢瑞和等.微机原理与接口技术.第2版.高等教育出版社, 2007.07
25 Cyan Technology. eCOG1 USB eICE Programming Adaptor User Manual V1.0. 2005.09.07
26 MStar. GPS Module MG1613S Specification V1.3. 2007.09
27 TOREX. XC6204 Series Datasheet. 257~262
28 BenQ Corp. M32 GSM/GPRS Wireless Module Datasheet Rev. 0.4. May 2003
29北高智科技. BENQ GSM模块应用指南. 2004.04.21
30 National Semiconductor Corporation. LP3470 Tiny Power on Reset Circuit. June 1999
31 Brilliance Semiconductor Inc. BS62LV4001 Datasheet Revision 2.5. April 2002: 1~2
32 SPANSION. S29AL008D_00 Datasheet. February 2005: 1~12
33 Philips Semiconductors. 74LVC573 Product Specification. December 1993
34 Microchip Technology Inc. 24AA512/24LC512/24FC512 Datasheet. 2004: 1~6
35 MAXIM. MAX3221/MAX3223/MAX3243* Datasheet Rev 6. 1999.03
36 MAXIM. MAX8880/MAX8881 Datasheet Rev 0. 2000.04: 1~2
37 Noppadol Chadil, Apirak Russameesawang, Phongsak Keeratiwintakorn. Real-Time Tracking Management System Using GPS, GPRS and Google Earth. Proceedings of ECTI-CON. 2008:393~394
38 Mauricio Daniel Gomez Torres, Jose Antonio Miranda Solis, Jesus Gutierrez Gomez. Design and Development of Application Software Systems for the Acquisition and Storage of Local and Remote Data for Mobile Applications using TCP/IP protocols and GPS/GPRS services. Proceedings of the 46th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computer. 2006
39姜雪松,陈绮,许灵军,范博.印制电路板设计.机械工业出版社, 2005.10:138~145 86~109
40黄书伟,卢申林,钱毓清.印刷电路板的可靠性设计.国防工业出版社. 2004.06:123~128
41魏雄. OrCAD9.2和PowerPCB5.0实用教程.国防工业出版社. 2006.06
42 MICREL. MIC37300/37301/37302 Datasheet. November 2003
43 Cyan Technology. eCOG1 C Compiler Manual Version 1.12. January 2008
44李熹. A-GPS混合定位终端的研究与开发.北京邮电大学硕士论文. 2007
45 BenQ Corp. BenQ M32 GSM/GPRS Wireless Module AT Command List Rev. 0.5.0 Jun. 2004
46 Xing Jianping, Zhang Jun, Cheng Hebin, Li Changqing, Shi Xiaohui. GPS Real Time Vehicle Alarm Monitoring System Based on GPRS/CSD using the Embedded System. 6th Intermational Coference on ITS Teleconunuiiications Proceedings, 2006:1156~1158
47 NMEA Data. http://www.gpsinformation.org/dale/nmea.htm
48张兰云,张高伟.基于GPS与GPRS的车载监控系统的设计与实现.电子技术, 2008,45(03):28~29
2李明峰,冯宝红,刘三枝. GPS定位技术及其应用.国防工业出版社, 2006:160~181
3徐绍铨,张华海,杨志强,王泽民. GPS测量原理及应用.武汉大学出版社. 2003.01:154~190
4文志成.通用分组无线业务.电子工业出版社, 2004:125~137
5李贤成.基于GPS & GPRS的移动定位及信息交换终端的研究与实现.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007:6~9
6何香玲等. GPS全球卫星定位技术的发展现状、动态及应用.微计算机信息, 2002.18(5)
7黄国聪.从GPS产业链动荡看便携式导航技术的发展.电子产品世界. 2008.03:46~48
8 Telit.轻松监控安全无虞——便携式GSM/GPRS/GPS解决方案. http://www.enet.com.cn/article/2007/0217/A20070217447871.shtml, 2007.2.17
9环天卫星科技: http://www.globalsat.com.tw/
10危急时刻显身手SPOT个人追踪器简评. http://publish.it168.com/2008/0125/20080125005201.shtml, 2008.01.05
11中国空间信息产业进入快速发展阶段. http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20070517/02351409983.shtml, 2007.05.17
12欧敏铨. GPS接收器架构与设计挑战.电子产品世界. 2008.03:41
13王志英,李宗伯,陆洪毅,沈立,王进,侯方勇.嵌入式系统原理与设计.高等教育出版社. 2007.11:8~26 108~114
14田鹏飞.基于GPS & GPRS的车载监控终端硬件设计.中国科学技术大学硕士论文, 2006
15胡睿.嵌入式GPS多功能手持终端的设计与实现.华中师范大学硕士学位论文, 2007:10~13
16 Chin E. Lin, C. C. Li, J. H. Yeh. A Handy Surveillance System for e-Life Applications. IEEE. National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.2005:242~243
17 Guo Yongqiang, Fang Kangling, Nie Zedong. Design of Portable Personal Positioning System Based on SoC Technology. The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 2007
18 Cyan Technology: http://www.cyantechnology.com/
19 Cyan Technology. Asset Tracker Reference Design Description V1.1. January 2006
20高平.电子线路设计基础.化学工业出版社, 2006.11:61~65
21王松武,赵旦峰,于蕾,王扬.常用电路模块分析与设计指导.清华大学出版社, 2007.04:230~235 1~12
22 Cyan Technology. eCOG1k/μCOG1m 16位微处理器用户手册V4.6. 2006.08.25
23蒋辉平,周国雄.单片机原理与应用设计.北京航空航天大学出版社, 2007.09
24谢瑞和等.微机原理与接口技术.第2版.高等教育出版社, 2007.07
25 Cyan Technology. eCOG1 USB eICE Programming Adaptor User Manual V1.0. 2005.09.07
26 MStar. GPS Module MG1613S Specification V1.3. 2007.09
27 TOREX. XC6204 Series Datasheet. 257~262
28 BenQ Corp. M32 GSM/GPRS Wireless Module Datasheet Rev. 0.4. May 2003
29北高智科技. BENQ GSM模块应用指南. 2004.04.21
30 National Semiconductor Corporation. LP3470 Tiny Power on Reset Circuit. June 1999
31 Brilliance Semiconductor Inc. BS62LV4001 Datasheet Revision 2.5. April 2002: 1~2
32 SPANSION. S29AL008D_00 Datasheet. February 2005: 1~12
33 Philips Semiconductors. 74LVC573 Product Specification. December 1993
34 Microchip Technology Inc. 24AA512/24LC512/24FC512 Datasheet. 2004: 1~6
35 MAXIM. MAX3221/MAX3223/MAX3243* Datasheet Rev 6. 1999.03
36 MAXIM. MAX8880/MAX8881 Datasheet Rev 0. 2000.04: 1~2
37 Noppadol Chadil, Apirak Russameesawang, Phongsak Keeratiwintakorn. Real-Time Tracking Management System Using GPS, GPRS and Google Earth. Proceedings of ECTI-CON. 2008:393~394
38 Mauricio Daniel Gomez Torres, Jose Antonio Miranda Solis, Jesus Gutierrez Gomez. Design and Development of Application Software Systems for the Acquisition and Storage of Local and Remote Data for Mobile Applications using TCP/IP protocols and GPS/GPRS services. Proceedings of the 46th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computer. 2006
39姜雪松,陈绮,许灵军,范博.印制电路板设计.机械工业出版社, 2005.10:138~145 86~109
40黄书伟,卢申林,钱毓清.印刷电路板的可靠性设计.国防工业出版社. 2004.06:123~128
41魏雄. OrCAD9.2和PowerPCB5.0实用教程.国防工业出版社. 2006.06
42 MICREL. MIC37300/37301/37302 Datasheet. November 2003
43 Cyan Technology. eCOG1 C Compiler Manual Version 1.12. January 2008
44李熹. A-GPS混合定位终端的研究与开发.北京邮电大学硕士论文. 2007
45 BenQ Corp. BenQ M32 GSM/GPRS Wireless Module AT Command List Rev. 0.5.0 Jun. 2004
46 Xing Jianping, Zhang Jun, Cheng Hebin, Li Changqing, Shi Xiaohui. GPS Real Time Vehicle Alarm Monitoring System Based on GPRS/CSD using the Embedded System. 6th Intermational Coference on ITS Teleconunuiiications Proceedings, 2006:1156~1158
47 NMEA Data. http://www.gpsinformation.org/dale/nmea.htm
48张兰云,张高伟.基于GPS与GPRS的车载监控系统的设计与实现.电子技术, 2008,45(03):28~29