从自然到仿生：超疏水材料制备方法研究
摘要
本论文以自然界中多种超疏水性现象为基础,发展了一系列针对于不同种类材料的超疏水表面制备方法,同时进行了详细的结构表征和有关的性能测试.主要研究内容和结论如下:
1.综述了对自然界中超疏水现象的研究进展,以及在此基础上所发展的仿生超疏水表面的制备方法研究进展.并对超疏水表面的种类、超疏水表面的性质和一些潜在应用做出了归纳.
2.提出了一种新颖的合金超疏水性表面的制备方法:对于钢、铜和钛合金,通过湿化学刻蚀和表面化学修饰使其表面呈现出优异的超疏水性能;详细研究了这些合金超疏水性材料的表面结构以及表面化学成分;考察了钢和铜合金在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;最后对这一现象给出了相关的理论解释.
3.提出了一种新颖的贵金属超疏水表面的制备方法:对于惰性金属铂,在钛硅基底上通过在阳极氧化铝模板的孔道中电沉积铂纳米线的方法构筑出了超疏水表面所要求的微纳米复合结构,并通过表面化学修饰获得了由铂纳米线阵列组成的超疏水表面;详细研究了所制备的超疏水材料的表而结构以及表面化学成分;并考察了其在在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;此方法可以拓展到其它的贵金属的超疏水表面的制备中.
4.提出了导电聚合物超疏水表面的制备方法:对丁聚苯胺,首次在钛硅基底上在阳极氧化铝模板的孔道中沉积聚苯胺纳米线的方法构筑出了超疏水表面所要求的微纳米复合结构,并通过表面化学修饰获得了聚苯胺纳米线阵列组成的超疏水表面;同时还考察了所制备的超疏水材料的表而结构以及表而化学成分;并考察了其在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;此方法可以拓展到其他的导电聚合物的超疏水表面的制备中.
Inspired by the superhydrophobic phenomena in the nature, a series of methods for the superhydrophobic surfaces preparation of different kinds of materials were developed. The detail structure investigation and the related properties of the fabricated superhydrophobic surfaces were carried out. The main contents and conclusions are listed in the following.
1. The recent development of the studies on superhydrophobic phenomena which existed in the nature was reviewed. The current biomimetic preparation of the superhydrophobic surfaces, the category of the artificial superhydrophobic surfaces, the properties of the superhydrophobic surfaces, and the potential applications of the superhydrophobic surfaces were reviewed too.
2. A novel preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the steel, copper and titanium alloy was presented that the wet-chemical etching method and the surface modification were employed to fabricate biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces on these engineering materials. The topography and the chemical composition of these surfaces were investigated in detail. The superhydrophobicity of the steel and copper alloy in the corrosive environment were also evaluated. The related theory models were employed to explain this phenomenon.
3. A novel preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the noble metal was presented that a superhydrophobic surface was achieved on Pt via the electrodeposition of Pt into the pores of anodic aluminum oxide template followed by surface fluorination. The topography and the chemical composition of the surface were investigated in detail. The preparation method is easily to be extended from platinum to other metal materials.
4. A preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the conducting polymer was demonstrated that Polyaniline was electrodeposited into the pores of anodic aluminum oxide template followed by surface fluorination. The topography and the chemical composition of the surface were investigated. The preparation method is able to be extended from Polyaniline to other conducting polymers.
1.综述了对自然界中超疏水现象的研究进展,以及在此基础上所发展的仿生超疏水表面的制备方法研究进展.并对超疏水表面的种类、超疏水表面的性质和一些潜在应用做出了归纳.
2.提出了一种新颖的合金超疏水性表面的制备方法:对于钢、铜和钛合金,通过湿化学刻蚀和表面化学修饰使其表面呈现出优异的超疏水性能;详细研究了这些合金超疏水性材料的表面结构以及表面化学成分;考察了钢和铜合金在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;最后对这一现象给出了相关的理论解释.
3.提出了一种新颖的贵金属超疏水表面的制备方法:对于惰性金属铂,在钛硅基底上通过在阳极氧化铝模板的孔道中电沉积铂纳米线的方法构筑出了超疏水表面所要求的微纳米复合结构,并通过表面化学修饰获得了由铂纳米线阵列组成的超疏水表面;详细研究了所制备的超疏水材料的表而结构以及表面化学成分;并考察了其在在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;此方法可以拓展到其它的贵金属的超疏水表面的制备中.
4.提出了导电聚合物超疏水表面的制备方法:对丁聚苯胺,首次在钛硅基底上在阳极氧化铝模板的孔道中沉积聚苯胺纳米线的方法构筑出了超疏水表面所要求的微纳米复合结构,并通过表面化学修饰获得了聚苯胺纳米线阵列组成的超疏水表面;同时还考察了所制备的超疏水材料的表而结构以及表而化学成分;并考察了其在腐蚀环境下的超疏水性能;此方法可以拓展到其他的导电聚合物的超疏水表面的制备中.
Inspired by the superhydrophobic phenomena in the nature, a series of methods for the superhydrophobic surfaces preparation of different kinds of materials were developed. The detail structure investigation and the related properties of the fabricated superhydrophobic surfaces were carried out. The main contents and conclusions are listed in the following.
1. The recent development of the studies on superhydrophobic phenomena which existed in the nature was reviewed. The current biomimetic preparation of the superhydrophobic surfaces, the category of the artificial superhydrophobic surfaces, the properties of the superhydrophobic surfaces, and the potential applications of the superhydrophobic surfaces were reviewed too.
2. A novel preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the steel, copper and titanium alloy was presented that the wet-chemical etching method and the surface modification were employed to fabricate biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces on these engineering materials. The topography and the chemical composition of these surfaces were investigated in detail. The superhydrophobicity of the steel and copper alloy in the corrosive environment were also evaluated. The related theory models were employed to explain this phenomenon.
3. A novel preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the noble metal was presented that a superhydrophobic surface was achieved on Pt via the electrodeposition of Pt into the pores of anodic aluminum oxide template followed by surface fluorination. The topography and the chemical composition of the surface were investigated in detail. The preparation method is easily to be extended from platinum to other metal materials.
4. A preparation method of superhydrophobic surface for the conducting polymer was demonstrated that Polyaniline was electrodeposited into the pores of anodic aluminum oxide template followed by surface fluorination. The topography and the chemical composition of the surface were investigated. The preparation method is able to be extended from Polyaniline to other conducting polymers.
引文
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