海港建设规划的海洋物理环境累积影响评价实例研究
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摘要
当前我国海港规划建设蓬勃发展,其港区包括了港口和相关的临港产业,研究海港建设对海洋自然环境和当地社会经济环境的影响具有重要意义。本文综述了国内外环境影响评价和海港规划的研究进展,介绍了用于海港建设的深水岸线资源规划原则和海港规划环境影响评价的理论基础,重点研究了海港规划环评的海洋物理环境累积影响评价。
本文选取海洋物理环境作为评价对象,详述了潮流场、悬浮泥沙、温排水和海床泥沙冲淤的数值模拟研究概况,重点研究了应用以上技术评价海港建设规划对海洋物理环境(海洋水动力环境、悬浮泥沙、温排水和泥沙冲淤环境)的累积影响,并划定了该海域的热污染混合区,计算了热环境容量,研究了电厂从半封闭港池取水,对港池泥沙回淤分布和回淤贡献率的影响。
将规划海洋环境影响评价理论、评价指标和评价方法应用于日照岚山北港区的建设规划中,研究了各工程建设对海洋物理环境的累积影响,评价结果表明：①大范围的围填海未改变该海域潮流场的运动趋势,但近岸潮流流速显著减弱；②施工产生的悬浮泥沙对水质累积影响范围较大,将对周边养殖区造成损害；③电厂温排水扩散范围集中于规划的两码头之间,温升不会对取水口造成影响,经计算该海域热环境容量尚有余量；④海港建设对海床泥沙冲淤影响较小,不会改变老港区的泥沙冲淤现状；⑤电厂取水对半封闭港池的泥沙回淤贡献有轻微影响,泥沙回淤分布随离取水口的远近而不同。在社会经济环境方面,北港区规划将对山东省钢铁产业和日照市经济发展产生巨大推动作用。本文最后提出了规划实施后的环境综合管理机制和建议,以更好促进经济社会发展和环境保护的和谐统一。
通过本文的研究,对规划海洋环境影响评价的理论、评价指标和评价方法进行了进一步的探讨和应用,有利于提高海港建设规划的海洋环境管理水平。
At present, the planning and construction of sea port in China develops greatly, and the sea port area contains of harbors and port-centered industries, so the research about the influence of planning and construction is important for natural environment and social economic environment. This paper reviews the development of environmental impact assessment and port planning at home and abroad, and introduces the planning principles of the deep shoreline resources, which is used to construct sea port, and shows the theoretical basis of planning environmental impact assessment about port planning and construction, and mainly studies the marine cumulative evaluation of port planning environmental impact assessment.
This paper chooses marine physical envrionment as the research object, and introduces the research situation of numerical simulation about the tidal current field, suspended sediment, shoreline sediment scouring and thermal discharge, and studies the marine environmental problem which used above technology to assess the construction and planning of sea port, such as marine hydrological dynamic environment, marine water quality environment, sediment scouring environment. This paper plans to lay out the range of the thermal pollution mixed area, and calculates the thermal environmental capacity for the power plant's thermal discharge problem. The paper also studies the change of sediment scouring distribution and contribution rate in semi-closed port basin when power plant gets water from it.
This paper uses the theories, evaluation indexes and evaluation methods of marine planning environmental impact assessment to the construction and planning of north port area in Lanshan district of Rizhao city, and researches the marine physical environment cumulative impacts under the circumstance of kinds projects. The evaluation results show that:①the large range of sea reclamation in port area doesn't change the movement tendency of tidal current field in this sea area, however, the flow velocity in nearshore becomes decreased significantly;②the influence range of suspended sediment produced from construction is larger, which will cause damage for the nearby culture area;③the diffusion range of thermal discharge distributes between the two planning piers; the temperature rise will not influence the cooling function in water intake, we know the thermal environmental capacity in this sea area still has margin after calculation;④this planning has a little influence on sediment scouring, it doesn't change the present scouring situation in old port area;⑤the water intake of power plant has a definite influence on sediment scouring in semi-closed port basin, the distribution of scouring changes along with the distance from water intake point. On the aspect of social economic, the north port planning will have a great promotion for the development of steel industry in Shandong province and the economy in Rizhao city. At last, the comprehensive managemental mechanism and proposal of environment after planning are advanced, in order to make balanced between economical development and environmental protection.
Through the research of this paper, the theories, evaluation indexes and evaluation methods of marine planning environmental impact assessment are further studied and utilized, it is helpful to improve the marine environmental management on the aspect of planning and construction about the sea port.
本文选取海洋物理环境作为评价对象,详述了潮流场、悬浮泥沙、温排水和海床泥沙冲淤的数值模拟研究概况,重点研究了应用以上技术评价海港建设规划对海洋物理环境(海洋水动力环境、悬浮泥沙、温排水和泥沙冲淤环境)的累积影响,并划定了该海域的热污染混合区,计算了热环境容量,研究了电厂从半封闭港池取水,对港池泥沙回淤分布和回淤贡献率的影响。
将规划海洋环境影响评价理论、评价指标和评价方法应用于日照岚山北港区的建设规划中,研究了各工程建设对海洋物理环境的累积影响,评价结果表明：①大范围的围填海未改变该海域潮流场的运动趋势,但近岸潮流流速显著减弱；②施工产生的悬浮泥沙对水质累积影响范围较大,将对周边养殖区造成损害；③电厂温排水扩散范围集中于规划的两码头之间,温升不会对取水口造成影响,经计算该海域热环境容量尚有余量；④海港建设对海床泥沙冲淤影响较小,不会改变老港区的泥沙冲淤现状；⑤电厂取水对半封闭港池的泥沙回淤贡献有轻微影响,泥沙回淤分布随离取水口的远近而不同。在社会经济环境方面,北港区规划将对山东省钢铁产业和日照市经济发展产生巨大推动作用。本文最后提出了规划实施后的环境综合管理机制和建议,以更好促进经济社会发展和环境保护的和谐统一。
通过本文的研究,对规划海洋环境影响评价的理论、评价指标和评价方法进行了进一步的探讨和应用,有利于提高海港建设规划的海洋环境管理水平。
At present, the planning and construction of sea port in China develops greatly, and the sea port area contains of harbors and port-centered industries, so the research about the influence of planning and construction is important for natural environment and social economic environment. This paper reviews the development of environmental impact assessment and port planning at home and abroad, and introduces the planning principles of the deep shoreline resources, which is used to construct sea port, and shows the theoretical basis of planning environmental impact assessment about port planning and construction, and mainly studies the marine cumulative evaluation of port planning environmental impact assessment.
This paper chooses marine physical envrionment as the research object, and introduces the research situation of numerical simulation about the tidal current field, suspended sediment, shoreline sediment scouring and thermal discharge, and studies the marine environmental problem which used above technology to assess the construction and planning of sea port, such as marine hydrological dynamic environment, marine water quality environment, sediment scouring environment. This paper plans to lay out the range of the thermal pollution mixed area, and calculates the thermal environmental capacity for the power plant's thermal discharge problem. The paper also studies the change of sediment scouring distribution and contribution rate in semi-closed port basin when power plant gets water from it.
This paper uses the theories, evaluation indexes and evaluation methods of marine planning environmental impact assessment to the construction and planning of north port area in Lanshan district of Rizhao city, and researches the marine physical environment cumulative impacts under the circumstance of kinds projects. The evaluation results show that:①the large range of sea reclamation in port area doesn't change the movement tendency of tidal current field in this sea area, however, the flow velocity in nearshore becomes decreased significantly;②the influence range of suspended sediment produced from construction is larger, which will cause damage for the nearby culture area;③the diffusion range of thermal discharge distributes between the two planning piers; the temperature rise will not influence the cooling function in water intake, we know the thermal environmental capacity in this sea area still has margin after calculation;④this planning has a little influence on sediment scouring, it doesn't change the present scouring situation in old port area;⑤the water intake of power plant has a definite influence on sediment scouring in semi-closed port basin, the distribution of scouring changes along with the distance from water intake point. On the aspect of social economic, the north port planning will have a great promotion for the development of steel industry in Shandong province and the economy in Rizhao city. At last, the comprehensive managemental mechanism and proposal of environment after planning are advanced, in order to make balanced between economical development and environmental protection.
Through the research of this paper, the theories, evaluation indexes and evaluation methods of marine planning environmental impact assessment are further studied and utilized, it is helpful to improve the marine environmental management on the aspect of planning and construction about the sea port.
引文
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