陕南青木川古镇传统建筑初探
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摘要
青木川古镇位于陕西南部宁强县西南角,与四川、甘肃两省接壤。明成化年间,这里曾是西部繁华集市,虽历经百年沧桑,现仍留有大量保存完好、风格迥异的古街、古祠、古栈道、古建筑。当地善良淳朴的居民、独特的地理环境和特殊的人文历史造就了古镇极富特色的地域建筑。
民居保护在我国已经发展了二十多年,但对民居聚落的保护仍显得不够,急功近利的思想和国际化趋势正使得这些宝贵的特色文化逐渐被淡漠和忽视。青木川古镇也是如此,随着城市建设和旅游业的迅速发展,它正面临着前所未有的冲击,因此对该地区民居聚落进行研究和整理是一件迫在眉睫的事情,通过归纳、总结和提升,理性的协调好旅游开发和古建保护的关系,将对保护当地民族文化、发展特设地域建筑、良性持续发展旅游业都有着重要的现实意义。
本文在大量调研的基础上,综合运用资料收集、整理、归纳和总结等方法对青木川古镇的建筑进行了较为细致的研究,并提出在目前现实条件下保护和发展青木川古镇民居建筑的基本方法。从结构上这篇文章可以分为三个部分,第一部分主要对研究了青木川的地理气候、风土人情、特殊历史文化和古镇选址及街道组织的基本情况,这些都是青木川古镇民居存属的背景;第二部分主要对青木川古镇的建筑现象、建筑文化做了深入的研究,在剖析建筑空间、结构、装饰的同时揭示了地域文化对它们的影响,并进一步分析了这二者之间的联系;第三部分分析了青木川古建筑保护和旅游开发之间可能出现的矛盾,并立足于现实提出了对青木川古镇的保护和发展的措施。
论文的撰写力求论证环境历史、经济发展、建造技术和古建筑保护之间的辨证关系,认为在较完整的建筑资料基础之上,通过多方面协作,具有实际应用价值的古民居保护与旅游开发是可以和谐发展的。
The town of Qingmuchuan is located in the southwest of Ningqiang, a county in southern Shaanxi. It borders Sichuan province and Gansu province. In Ming dynasty, Qingmuchuan was a very prosperous town. However, even so many years have passed, Qingmuchuan still managed to preserve a great number of ancient streets, temples, Ancient plank road and buildings. The honest people there, the special geographic features, as well as the special history makes the town abundant in buildings with distinct regional features.
Residence protection is not a new area. It has been developed in China for over twenty years. However, more work should be done to the protection of residence settlements. In recent years, the pursuit of quick success and instant benefits, together with the trend of internationalization makes people gradually ignore these valuable feature cultural heritages. This is also true with Qingmuchuan. With the rapid development of urban construction and the tourism industry, the town is facing unprecedented challenges. Therefore, it is qute urgent to conduct a study on the residence settlements in this region. Hopefully, the research results will be helpful in coordinating the relationship between tourism development and the preservation of ancient buildings, which will in turn, contribute to the preservation of local culture, the development of feature regional buildings and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.
This thesis is based on an extensive study of Qingmuchuan. By analyzing, and summarizing the data, the author has proposed some feasible ways to protect and develop the residence settlements in Qingmuchuan. The thesis can be divided into three parts. In the first part the author introduces the weather condition, the geographic features, the local customs, and the special history of Qingmuchuan, as well as the selection of the town site and the location of streets. These are the background information of the residences of Qingmuchuan. In the second part the author conducts a thorough study on the architecture culture and phenomenon in Qingmuchuan, and exposes the influence of regional culture upon these buildings when analyzing features such as architecture space, sturcture and decoration and then goes further to detect the relationship between the two. In the third part, the author analyzes the possible contradictory between the preservation of ancient buildings and tourism development and proposes some measures for the protection and development of Qingmuchuan.
In this thesis, the author tries to prove the philosophic relationship between environment, history, economic development and the preservation of ancient buildings. The author holds that by cooperation and coordination the preservation of ancient buildings and tourism development can co-exist harmoniously.
民居保护在我国已经发展了二十多年,但对民居聚落的保护仍显得不够,急功近利的思想和国际化趋势正使得这些宝贵的特色文化逐渐被淡漠和忽视。青木川古镇也是如此,随着城市建设和旅游业的迅速发展,它正面临着前所未有的冲击,因此对该地区民居聚落进行研究和整理是一件迫在眉睫的事情,通过归纳、总结和提升,理性的协调好旅游开发和古建保护的关系,将对保护当地民族文化、发展特设地域建筑、良性持续发展旅游业都有着重要的现实意义。
本文在大量调研的基础上,综合运用资料收集、整理、归纳和总结等方法对青木川古镇的建筑进行了较为细致的研究,并提出在目前现实条件下保护和发展青木川古镇民居建筑的基本方法。从结构上这篇文章可以分为三个部分,第一部分主要对研究了青木川的地理气候、风土人情、特殊历史文化和古镇选址及街道组织的基本情况,这些都是青木川古镇民居存属的背景;第二部分主要对青木川古镇的建筑现象、建筑文化做了深入的研究,在剖析建筑空间、结构、装饰的同时揭示了地域文化对它们的影响,并进一步分析了这二者之间的联系;第三部分分析了青木川古建筑保护和旅游开发之间可能出现的矛盾,并立足于现实提出了对青木川古镇的保护和发展的措施。
论文的撰写力求论证环境历史、经济发展、建造技术和古建筑保护之间的辨证关系,认为在较完整的建筑资料基础之上,通过多方面协作,具有实际应用价值的古民居保护与旅游开发是可以和谐发展的。
The town of Qingmuchuan is located in the southwest of Ningqiang, a county in southern Shaanxi. It borders Sichuan province and Gansu province. In Ming dynasty, Qingmuchuan was a very prosperous town. However, even so many years have passed, Qingmuchuan still managed to preserve a great number of ancient streets, temples, Ancient plank road and buildings. The honest people there, the special geographic features, as well as the special history makes the town abundant in buildings with distinct regional features.
Residence protection is not a new area. It has been developed in China for over twenty years. However, more work should be done to the protection of residence settlements. In recent years, the pursuit of quick success and instant benefits, together with the trend of internationalization makes people gradually ignore these valuable feature cultural heritages. This is also true with Qingmuchuan. With the rapid development of urban construction and the tourism industry, the town is facing unprecedented challenges. Therefore, it is qute urgent to conduct a study on the residence settlements in this region. Hopefully, the research results will be helpful in coordinating the relationship between tourism development and the preservation of ancient buildings, which will in turn, contribute to the preservation of local culture, the development of feature regional buildings and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.
This thesis is based on an extensive study of Qingmuchuan. By analyzing, and summarizing the data, the author has proposed some feasible ways to protect and develop the residence settlements in Qingmuchuan. The thesis can be divided into three parts. In the first part the author introduces the weather condition, the geographic features, the local customs, and the special history of Qingmuchuan, as well as the selection of the town site and the location of streets. These are the background information of the residences of Qingmuchuan. In the second part the author conducts a thorough study on the architecture culture and phenomenon in Qingmuchuan, and exposes the influence of regional culture upon these buildings when analyzing features such as architecture space, sturcture and decoration and then goes further to detect the relationship between the two. In the third part, the author analyzes the possible contradictory between the preservation of ancient buildings and tourism development and proposes some measures for the protection and development of Qingmuchuan.
In this thesis, the author tries to prove the philosophic relationship between environment, history, economic development and the preservation of ancient buildings. The author holds that by cooperation and coordination the preservation of ancient buildings and tourism development can co-exist harmoniously.
引文
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[2]单德启.论中国传统民居村寨集落的改造[J].建筑学报, 1992.4.
[3]张建民.明代秦巴山区的流民与资源开发[J].人文论丛,1999.合卷.
[4]黄旭曦.简论中国古代民居设计[J].南平师专学报,2004.1.
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