复合功能产品概念设计建模理论及自动化求解方法研究
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摘要
在综合分析概念设计领域国内外的研究历史和现状后,针对当前计算机辅助概
念设计研究存在的主要问题,探讨了基于循环映射的复合功能产品概念设计的进程、
方法和策略,取得了一些具有理论意义和应用价值的成果,主要体现在以下四个方
面:
(1)原理方案设计目录的结构模式研究
设计目录既是进行手工原理方案求解的知识库,也是构建面向计算机求解的知
识库的基础,其开发过程是一个繁杂的系统工程。本文从原理方案知识的收集和整
理入手,分析了原理方案设计目录的需求,提出了以功能目录、效应目录、作用原
理目录和结构方案目录四级子目录为基础的原理方案设计目录结构模式,详细分析
了各级子目录的具体构成和相互关系。在此基础上,收集了500多个典型功能产品,
经过整理、抽象和概括,研制出一个包括10多种典型功能的设计目录,较好地解决
了原理方案知识的获取和加工问题,为开发面向计算机求解的原理方案设计知识库
打下了坚实的基础。
(2)复合功能原理方案特征建模及求解过程研究
分析了设计目录与特征模型之间的关系,提出以特征模型来重组原理方案设计
目录知识,使之转化为计算机可以识别和利用的知识。在分析原理方案求解过程特
点的基础上,建立了面向计算机求解的复合功能原理方案特征模型,并重点研究了
原理方案接口表达模型及嵌套结构,探讨了原理方案的3种求解策略,提出了识别
复合功能中各相关功能解之间相容性的策略和进行复合功能解综合的有效方法,从
而较好地解决由单一功能向复合功能求解转变中所面临的解的可行性判断和接口相
容性判断问题,有助于设计师在原理方案设计阶段快速搜索到多解,为产品的创新
奠定坚实的基础。最后,以硬币分离机的原理方案设计为例进行了验证。
(3)基于循环映射的概念设计进程及其计算机辅助求解策略研究
复合功能产品概念设计过程中,辅助功能的生成和求解往往伴随着目的功能的
求解及其解的完善过程逐步得以实现;基于这一实际情况,提出了一种产品功能、
After a systematic analysis of the background and state-of-the art of research in conceptual design, course, method and strategy of conceptual design based on cyclic mapping are researched, aiming at solving some crucial issues in this research area. The primary contributions are as follows.First, the frame of design catalogue for principle solution is discussed. Design catalogue is the knowledge base for manually principle solving, as well as the foundation for automatic principle solving. On the basis of research on the demand of principle design catalogue, the frame of design catalogue based on four sub- catalogue including function catalogue, effect catalogue, principle catalogue and structure catalogue, and the structure and relation of sub-catalogue is put forward. 500 principle solutions of typical products are collected, classified and abstracted and a design catalog that includes ten kind of typical function is developed.Secondly, feature modeling and solving process of complex function is researched. On the basis of studying the process of principle solving, the feature model for complex function is established. The general solving process of complex function and the concurrent strategy of single function solving and interface feature matching are put forward. Then the nested structure of interface feature and the matching process are represented. Finally the principle solving of coin-assorter is given as an example.Thirdly, based on the fact that appending and solving auxiliary functions are always depended on solving the aim function during conceptual design phase for complex function, the conceptual design cyclic mapping model which supports cyclic solving between function layer, effect layer, principle layer and structure layer is put forward. It consists of three mapping pattern and twelve mapping relations, such as decomposing mapping, solving mapping and deriving mapping. A formal representation method for the conceptual design and/or tree that is suitable for automatic solution is put
forward and the solution algorithm is discussed. Finally the conceptual design of a woodworker is given as an example.Finally, based on the above researches, a computer aided conceptual design automatic software system named CACDS is developed based on the cyclic mapping model, which is composed of four sub-system, i.e. input sub-system, conceptual solving sub-system, output sub-system and knowledge-base management sub-system. The software can integrate principle solving with functional structure solving and can support conceptual design of creative products in a smooth way.
念设计研究存在的主要问题,探讨了基于循环映射的复合功能产品概念设计的进程、
方法和策略,取得了一些具有理论意义和应用价值的成果,主要体现在以下四个方
面:
(1)原理方案设计目录的结构模式研究
设计目录既是进行手工原理方案求解的知识库,也是构建面向计算机求解的知
识库的基础,其开发过程是一个繁杂的系统工程。本文从原理方案知识的收集和整
理入手,分析了原理方案设计目录的需求,提出了以功能目录、效应目录、作用原
理目录和结构方案目录四级子目录为基础的原理方案设计目录结构模式,详细分析
了各级子目录的具体构成和相互关系。在此基础上,收集了500多个典型功能产品,
经过整理、抽象和概括,研制出一个包括10多种典型功能的设计目录,较好地解决
了原理方案知识的获取和加工问题,为开发面向计算机求解的原理方案设计知识库
打下了坚实的基础。
(2)复合功能原理方案特征建模及求解过程研究
分析了设计目录与特征模型之间的关系,提出以特征模型来重组原理方案设计
目录知识,使之转化为计算机可以识别和利用的知识。在分析原理方案求解过程特
点的基础上,建立了面向计算机求解的复合功能原理方案特征模型,并重点研究了
原理方案接口表达模型及嵌套结构,探讨了原理方案的3种求解策略,提出了识别
复合功能中各相关功能解之间相容性的策略和进行复合功能解综合的有效方法,从
而较好地解决由单一功能向复合功能求解转变中所面临的解的可行性判断和接口相
容性判断问题,有助于设计师在原理方案设计阶段快速搜索到多解,为产品的创新
奠定坚实的基础。最后,以硬币分离机的原理方案设计为例进行了验证。
(3)基于循环映射的概念设计进程及其计算机辅助求解策略研究
复合功能产品概念设计过程中,辅助功能的生成和求解往往伴随着目的功能的
求解及其解的完善过程逐步得以实现;基于这一实际情况,提出了一种产品功能、
After a systematic analysis of the background and state-of-the art of research in conceptual design, course, method and strategy of conceptual design based on cyclic mapping are researched, aiming at solving some crucial issues in this research area. The primary contributions are as follows.First, the frame of design catalogue for principle solution is discussed. Design catalogue is the knowledge base for manually principle solving, as well as the foundation for automatic principle solving. On the basis of research on the demand of principle design catalogue, the frame of design catalogue based on four sub- catalogue including function catalogue, effect catalogue, principle catalogue and structure catalogue, and the structure and relation of sub-catalogue is put forward. 500 principle solutions of typical products are collected, classified and abstracted and a design catalog that includes ten kind of typical function is developed.Secondly, feature modeling and solving process of complex function is researched. On the basis of studying the process of principle solving, the feature model for complex function is established. The general solving process of complex function and the concurrent strategy of single function solving and interface feature matching are put forward. Then the nested structure of interface feature and the matching process are represented. Finally the principle solving of coin-assorter is given as an example.Thirdly, based on the fact that appending and solving auxiliary functions are always depended on solving the aim function during conceptual design phase for complex function, the conceptual design cyclic mapping model which supports cyclic solving between function layer, effect layer, principle layer and structure layer is put forward. It consists of three mapping pattern and twelve mapping relations, such as decomposing mapping, solving mapping and deriving mapping. A formal representation method for the conceptual design and/or tree that is suitable for automatic solution is put
forward and the solution algorithm is discussed. Finally the conceptual design of a woodworker is given as an example.Finally, based on the above researches, a computer aided conceptual design automatic software system named CACDS is developed based on the cyclic mapping model, which is composed of four sub-system, i.e. input sub-system, conceptual solving sub-system, output sub-system and knowledge-base management sub-system. The software can integrate principle solving with functional structure solving and can support conceptual design of creative products in a smooth way.
引文
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