深海中深孔岩芯取样钻机监控系统设计与实现
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摘要
20世纪60年代以来,人类对矿物资源、能源的需求量不断增加,开始大规模地开发和探索海洋。近年来相继发展起来的海洋高科技开发技术有海水淡化技术、深海探测与深潜技术、大洋钻探技术、海洋遥感技术、海洋导航技术等。本课题研究的深海取样钻机技术属于深海探测与大洋钻探技术领域。深海探测,对于深海生态的研究、深海矿物的开采以及深海地质结构的研究,均具有非常重要的意义。
目前国内取样探测技术水平较国外还有差距,在近海作业的探测技术比较成熟,但是在深海探测设备较少,自从成功研制了深海浅地层岩芯取样钻机才填补了该领域国内技术空白,因此急需改进取样技术。本文针对深海取样钻机智能远程监控的实际需要,设计了一套深海中深孔岩芯取样钻机的监视和测控系统,该系统采用分布式方式。上位机可以对水下设备作业情况进行监视和控制;水下测控系统执行上位机下达的命令,实现对水下各种传感器数据的采集,钻机的控制;上位机与水下嵌入式测控系统通过光纤动力复合钢缆实时通信。
首先对取样钻机监控系统设计制定了系统总体结构设计方案。然后介绍了硬件系统的设计原理与实现,包括电源监控模块硬件设计、字幕叠加模块硬件设计、数据传输接口电路设计和水下测控中心模块电路设计。接着对软件系统开发作了详细的介绍,软件系统设计主要有主控单片机软件设计和甲板监控平台软件设计。最后对系统电源供电方式以及如何监测系统电力参数进行了细致的说明。
本文进行了实验室和现场海洋环境的测试,分析对比了在实验室测量到的数据与现场测试到的数据的差别,然后不断完善,最终获得成功,系统运行稳定可靠。
深海中深孔岩芯取样钻机装置在深海探测、采集矿产样本、探测海洋地质结构方面有着广泛的应用前景和发展空间,其电子监控系统具有较好的通用性,适用于多种监控场合。这套设备将为我国在大洋钻探方面提供了有力的工具,为我国科学家提供第一手深海研究样品。
本系统为我国自主研制的第一台基于10KM铠装复合光缆的深海监控系统,经2009年5月南海试验和10月东太平洋深海现场实际应用,成功取到深海样品,研制工作取得圆满成功。
Since the 1960s, human need more and more mineral resources and energy. People focus their eyes on the ocean and obtain from the large-scale wealth from the marine. With the progress of science and technology, people improve their knowledge of marine resources; Ocean engineering technology comes a long way; Ocean exploitation step into new period. In recent years, a series of Marine high-tech technologies have developed, such as sea water desalination technology, deep-sea exploration technology, ocean drilling technology, remote sensing technique of oceanography, marine navigation technology and so on. Sampling technique of deep-sea drilling machine was introduced in this paper; it belongs to field of deep-sea exploration technology and ocean drilling technology. Deep-sea exploration technology plays an important role in the investigation and utilization of marine ecology, abyssal mineral mining and research on deep geological structure.
The technical level of domestic sampling detection technology has a big gap compared to overseas. Exploration technology off shore is a mature technology, but prospecting apparatuses in the deep sea are few. Since developing the machine drilling shallow stratum core sample in deep sea successfully, this has filled the gap in china. So, sampling technique is updated and improved urgently. In view of actual requirement of remote intellective monitoring in the deep-sea drilling machine, this paper introduces an electronic monitoring system for the machine drilling the Sample of Medium-Deep Core in deep sea. The system applies distributed control. Host computer monitors and controls the underwater devices how to operator. Underwater measurement and control system executes command from host computer, collects data from various sensors and control the drilling machine. Underwater control system connects to the host computer with thousands of meters sheathed cable.
Above all, this article proposes the system solution based on t the design and realization of the Drilling Machine for Monitoring System. And then the paper introduced the design principle of hardware system. It contains power monitor systems, OSD on screen display, data transmission interface and underwater measurement and control system. The software of the system is framed and designed in the forth chapter. The system software design includes MCU control program, the deck monitoring software system. Finally the paper describes the power supply mode and how to monitor the electric parameters of the whole monitoring system.
This thesis also raises a scheme in laboratory, analyzes and compares the parameters between laboratory and the marine environment at the scene, and then continuously improves and obtains the ultimate success. The whole system is stable and reliable.
The machine drilling the Sample of Medium-Deep Core in deep sea has broad application prospects and development of space in aspect of deep-sea exploration, acquisition of mineral samples and detection of marine geological structure. Its’electronic monitoring system has generality and could be used for many situations. This set of equipment for ocean drilling in our country will provide a powerful tool; also provide first-hand data for Chinese scientists researching on deep-sea mineral samples.
The system that is the first kind of Deep-sea monitoring system based on thousands of meters sheathed cable, which is developed firstly in China. In May 2009, we hold the Drill sampling experiment in the South China Sea. In October 2009, we also do the same experiment again in Eastern Pacific and took some core samples successfully. the development effort was achieved complete success.
目前国内取样探测技术水平较国外还有差距,在近海作业的探测技术比较成熟,但是在深海探测设备较少,自从成功研制了深海浅地层岩芯取样钻机才填补了该领域国内技术空白,因此急需改进取样技术。本文针对深海取样钻机智能远程监控的实际需要,设计了一套深海中深孔岩芯取样钻机的监视和测控系统,该系统采用分布式方式。上位机可以对水下设备作业情况进行监视和控制;水下测控系统执行上位机下达的命令,实现对水下各种传感器数据的采集,钻机的控制;上位机与水下嵌入式测控系统通过光纤动力复合钢缆实时通信。
首先对取样钻机监控系统设计制定了系统总体结构设计方案。然后介绍了硬件系统的设计原理与实现,包括电源监控模块硬件设计、字幕叠加模块硬件设计、数据传输接口电路设计和水下测控中心模块电路设计。接着对软件系统开发作了详细的介绍,软件系统设计主要有主控单片机软件设计和甲板监控平台软件设计。最后对系统电源供电方式以及如何监测系统电力参数进行了细致的说明。
本文进行了实验室和现场海洋环境的测试,分析对比了在实验室测量到的数据与现场测试到的数据的差别,然后不断完善,最终获得成功,系统运行稳定可靠。
深海中深孔岩芯取样钻机装置在深海探测、采集矿产样本、探测海洋地质结构方面有着广泛的应用前景和发展空间,其电子监控系统具有较好的通用性,适用于多种监控场合。这套设备将为我国在大洋钻探方面提供了有力的工具,为我国科学家提供第一手深海研究样品。
本系统为我国自主研制的第一台基于10KM铠装复合光缆的深海监控系统,经2009年5月南海试验和10月东太平洋深海现场实际应用,成功取到深海样品,研制工作取得圆满成功。
Since the 1960s, human need more and more mineral resources and energy. People focus their eyes on the ocean and obtain from the large-scale wealth from the marine. With the progress of science and technology, people improve their knowledge of marine resources; Ocean engineering technology comes a long way; Ocean exploitation step into new period. In recent years, a series of Marine high-tech technologies have developed, such as sea water desalination technology, deep-sea exploration technology, ocean drilling technology, remote sensing technique of oceanography, marine navigation technology and so on. Sampling technique of deep-sea drilling machine was introduced in this paper; it belongs to field of deep-sea exploration technology and ocean drilling technology. Deep-sea exploration technology plays an important role in the investigation and utilization of marine ecology, abyssal mineral mining and research on deep geological structure.
The technical level of domestic sampling detection technology has a big gap compared to overseas. Exploration technology off shore is a mature technology, but prospecting apparatuses in the deep sea are few. Since developing the machine drilling shallow stratum core sample in deep sea successfully, this has filled the gap in china. So, sampling technique is updated and improved urgently. In view of actual requirement of remote intellective monitoring in the deep-sea drilling machine, this paper introduces an electronic monitoring system for the machine drilling the Sample of Medium-Deep Core in deep sea. The system applies distributed control. Host computer monitors and controls the underwater devices how to operator. Underwater measurement and control system executes command from host computer, collects data from various sensors and control the drilling machine. Underwater control system connects to the host computer with thousands of meters sheathed cable.
Above all, this article proposes the system solution based on t the design and realization of the Drilling Machine for Monitoring System. And then the paper introduced the design principle of hardware system. It contains power monitor systems, OSD on screen display, data transmission interface and underwater measurement and control system. The software of the system is framed and designed in the forth chapter. The system software design includes MCU control program, the deck monitoring software system. Finally the paper describes the power supply mode and how to monitor the electric parameters of the whole monitoring system.
This thesis also raises a scheme in laboratory, analyzes and compares the parameters between laboratory and the marine environment at the scene, and then continuously improves and obtains the ultimate success. The whole system is stable and reliable.
The machine drilling the Sample of Medium-Deep Core in deep sea has broad application prospects and development of space in aspect of deep-sea exploration, acquisition of mineral samples and detection of marine geological structure. Its’electronic monitoring system has generality and could be used for many situations. This set of equipment for ocean drilling in our country will provide a powerful tool; also provide first-hand data for Chinese scientists researching on deep-sea mineral samples.
The system that is the first kind of Deep-sea monitoring system based on thousands of meters sheathed cable, which is developed firstly in China. In May 2009, we hold the Drill sampling experiment in the South China Sea. In October 2009, we also do the same experiment again in Eastern Pacific and took some core samples successfully. the development effort was achieved complete success.
引文
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