矿山法隧道下穿铁路位移控制对策及影响敏感度研究
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摘要
经过近几十年的发展,现在我国经济已经进入了一个较高的水平,城市化进程不断加快,北京、上海这样的大城市人口早已过2000万,人口超过500万的数不胜数。为满足出行的要求,各大城市都在努力发展城市快轨交通和高速铁路,带来越来越多的立体交叉问题。
本文结合长春市快轨交通某标段下穿轨道结构,研究城市快轨下穿轨道结构中各项辅助措施对路基面沉降的敏感度和轨面高低偏差的敏感度,应用的方法包括调查研究、数值分析、现场测试和经验类比。通过研究获得以下方面的成果：
1、通过路基沉降研究和区域沉降研究成果诠释了轨道不平顺产生的原因和随机性特征。阐述了快轨隧道下穿铁路施工过程中对轨道不平顺影响的研究思路。
2、总结隧道施工引起的地层力学和位移变化机理,以及地面沉降影响因素和地面沉降基本规律,以及常用的辅助施工措施。
3、研究了单、双洞隧道开挖面前方预加固注浆有效长度和弹模对开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的减少情况和敏感度,并评价设计方案的合理性。
4、研究了拱部锚杆纵向间距、锁脚锚杆纵向间距对单、双洞隧道开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的控制效果和敏感度,并评价设计方案的合理性。
5、研究了多种措施共同施加对单、双洞隧道开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的控制效果和敏感度,以及多种辅助施工措施共同作用情况下路基面沉降规律和轨面偏差变化规律。
For the development of the past several decades,The economy of China has been reached a high-level. The population of many cities is outnumber five millions, especially in some big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, the population is outnumber Twenty million, In order to relax the traffic jam, the rapid railway system and high-speed railway are planned to be constructed for the big cities. In the case, the problem of grade separation came out unavoidably.
Based on the engineering that the metro goes under-passing the railway in Changchun, the sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation for the rail caused by the auxiliary measures in construction process is researched by some method such as investigation, numerical analysis, field test and experience analogy. The Conclusions of the research was summarized as follows:
1、Based on the basic theories of the stratum settlement and the regional subsidence, the influencing factor and random features of the track irregularity is researched. In combination with the research result and application situation at home and abroad, the research thinking of the engineering for the metro goes under-passing the railway is formulated.
2、The mechanism of the mechanical and the displacement is researched by searching information, the influencing factors and the basic law for the surface subsidence and the common accessorial measures in construction is studied by searching information too.
3、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by single or twin-tube tunnels construction with metamorphic length, thickness and intensity grouting around the tunnel and forward the tunnel face is researched. The rationality of the grouting for the tunnel with empirical parameter in construction process is evaluated.
4、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by Single or twin-tube tunnels construction with metamorphic Vertical density rock bolt and feet-lock bolt around the tunnel is researched. The rationality of rock bolt and the feet-lock bolt with empirical parameter in construction process is evaluated.
5、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by Single or twin-tube tunnels construction with various measures is researched. The superimposed offect of the settlement regularity of the road bed and the high-low deviation of the rail caused by the various measures is researched.
本文结合长春市快轨交通某标段下穿轨道结构,研究城市快轨下穿轨道结构中各项辅助措施对路基面沉降的敏感度和轨面高低偏差的敏感度,应用的方法包括调查研究、数值分析、现场测试和经验类比。通过研究获得以下方面的成果：
1、通过路基沉降研究和区域沉降研究成果诠释了轨道不平顺产生的原因和随机性特征。阐述了快轨隧道下穿铁路施工过程中对轨道不平顺影响的研究思路。
2、总结隧道施工引起的地层力学和位移变化机理,以及地面沉降影响因素和地面沉降基本规律,以及常用的辅助施工措施。
3、研究了单、双洞隧道开挖面前方预加固注浆有效长度和弹模对开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的减少情况和敏感度,并评价设计方案的合理性。
4、研究了拱部锚杆纵向间距、锁脚锚杆纵向间距对单、双洞隧道开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的控制效果和敏感度,并评价设计方案的合理性。
5、研究了多种措施共同施加对单、双洞隧道开挖引起的路基面沉降和轨道高低偏差值的控制效果和敏感度,以及多种辅助施工措施共同作用情况下路基面沉降规律和轨面偏差变化规律。
For the development of the past several decades,The economy of China has been reached a high-level. The population of many cities is outnumber five millions, especially in some big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, the population is outnumber Twenty million, In order to relax the traffic jam, the rapid railway system and high-speed railway are planned to be constructed for the big cities. In the case, the problem of grade separation came out unavoidably.
Based on the engineering that the metro goes under-passing the railway in Changchun, the sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation for the rail caused by the auxiliary measures in construction process is researched by some method such as investigation, numerical analysis, field test and experience analogy. The Conclusions of the research was summarized as follows:
1、Based on the basic theories of the stratum settlement and the regional subsidence, the influencing factor and random features of the track irregularity is researched. In combination with the research result and application situation at home and abroad, the research thinking of the engineering for the metro goes under-passing the railway is formulated.
2、The mechanism of the mechanical and the displacement is researched by searching information, the influencing factors and the basic law for the surface subsidence and the common accessorial measures in construction is studied by searching information too.
3、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by single or twin-tube tunnels construction with metamorphic length, thickness and intensity grouting around the tunnel and forward the tunnel face is researched. The rationality of the grouting for the tunnel with empirical parameter in construction process is evaluated.
4、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by Single or twin-tube tunnels construction with metamorphic Vertical density rock bolt and feet-lock bolt around the tunnel is researched. The rationality of rock bolt and the feet-lock bolt with empirical parameter in construction process is evaluated.
5、The decrement and sensibility of settlement for road bed and high-low deviation of the rail, caused by Single or twin-tube tunnels construction with various measures is researched. The superimposed offect of the settlement regularity of the road bed and the high-low deviation of the rail caused by the various measures is researched.
引文
[1]娄国充.铁路隧道下穿既有路基沉降规律及控制标准研究[D].北京交通大学,2012.
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[4]牛国辉,蒋关鲁,詹永祥等.遂渝铁路无碴轨道桩板结构路基大比例动态模型试验研究[J].铁道建筑技术,2007,(1)：1-5.
[5]Kobayashi M,Seki S,Iwamura I,Nagai H.Design and construction of urban tunnels beneath operating railway. Conference Information:Proceedings of the world tunnelling congress 2003.
[6]Gordon T K L,Charles W W N.Effects of advancing opening face tunneling on an existing loaded pile. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering.2005.
[7]朱正国,黄松,朱永全等.铁路隧道下穿公路引起的路面沉降规律和控制基准研究[J].岩土力学,2012,,33(2)：558-563,576.
[8]丁智,魏新江,魏纲等.盾构隧道与邻近结构物相互影响研究分析[C].//中国地质学会2007年生态环境脆弱区工程地质学术论坛论文汇编.2007：644-649.
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[16]凌昊,仇文革,孙兵等.双孔盾构隧道近接施工离心模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,,2010,31(9)：2849-2853.
[17]杨龙才,周顺华,姚燕明等.变跨度隧道施工引起的地表沉降[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,,31(4)：408-412.
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[19]Ito T, Hisatake M.Three dimensional surface subsidence caused by tunnel driving[A].In:Balke ma A Z. Processings of the Fourth International Conference on Numerical Methods in Gomethanieals[C].Rotterdam.1982:551 — 559.
[20]张冬梅,黄宏伟,王箭明等.盾构推进引起地面沉降的粘弹性分析[J].岩土力学,2001,22(3)：311-314.
[21]孙钧,刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构法施工土体变形的三维数值模拟[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(4)：379-385.
[22]吕峰.车辆与结构相互作用随机动力分析[D].大连理工大学,2008.
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[25]徐金明,汤永净.分层总和法计算沉降的几点改进[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4)：518-521.
[26]李海芳,龚晓南.路堤下复合地基沉降影响因素有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2005,35(6)：49-51,25.
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[33]刘毅.地面沉降研究的新进展与面临的新问题[J].地学前缘,2001,8(2)：273-278.
[34]Richard J,Finno,Frank T,et al.Evaluating damage potential in buildings affected by excavations. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering.2005.
[35]王秀艳,刘长礼.深层黏性土渗透释水规律的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(3)：308-312.
[36]武强,谢海澜,赵增敏,等.弱透水层变形机理研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,28(3)：207-210.
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[2]王荻.城市轨道交通规划与城市规划的关系研究[D].同济大学,2007.
[3]Richard J,Finno,Frank T,et al.Evaluating damage potential in buildings affected by excavations. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering.2005
[4]牛国辉,蒋关鲁,詹永祥等.遂渝铁路无碴轨道桩板结构路基大比例动态模型试验研究[J].铁道建筑技术,2007,(1)：1-5.
[5]Kobayashi M,Seki S,Iwamura I,Nagai H.Design and construction of urban tunnels beneath operating railway. Conference Information:Proceedings of the world tunnelling congress 2003.
[6]Gordon T K L,Charles W W N.Effects of advancing opening face tunneling on an existing loaded pile. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering.2005.
[7]朱正国,黄松,朱永全等.铁路隧道下穿公路引起的路面沉降规律和控制基准研究[J].岩土力学,2012,,33(2)：558-563,576.
[8]丁智,魏新江,魏纲等.盾构隧道与邻近结构物相互影响研究分析[C].//中国地质学会2007年生态环境脆弱区工程地质学术论坛论文汇编.2007：644-649.
[9]Martos.F Concerning an exproximate equation of subsidence trough and its time factors, ProC. of the International strata control Congress, ZeiPzig,1958
[10]PeckR.B.Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground[A].Proceed in soft the 7th International Conference on soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering[C].Mexico City:State of the Art Volume,1969:225-290.
[11]日本土木学会隧道标准规范(盾构篇)及解说『M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[12]0. Reilly, M. P., New, B. M.,1982, settlements above tunnels in the United Kingdom their magnitude and Prediction. Proc. of Tunnelling.82Symposiuni, London, pp.173～181,0
[13]0. Reilly, M. P., New, B. M.,1991. Tunnelling Induced Ground Movements: predicting their Magnitude and Effeets.4th Int. Conf. on Ground Movements & Structures. PP.671-697.
[14]Wu B R, Chiou S Y. Lee C J. et al. Soil movements around parallel tunnels in soft ground[A].Centrifuge 98 [C]., Tokyo 1988,2(1):739-744.
[15]Shinichiro Imamura, Toshiyuki Hagiwara. Kenji Mito et al. Settlement through above a model shield observed in a centrifuge [A]. Centrifuge 98[C], Tokyo 1998,2(1)::713-719.
[16]凌昊,仇文革,孙兵等.双孔盾构隧道近接施工离心模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,,2010,31(9)：2849-2853.
[17]杨龙才,周顺华,姚燕明等.变跨度隧道施工引起的地表沉降[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,,31(4)：408-412.
[18]Lee K M, Rowe R K.Finite element modeling of the three-dimensional ground deformations due to tunneling in son eohesive soil:Pant I-method of analysis[J]. Computers and Geoteehnies,1990, (10):57 — 109.
[19]Ito T, Hisatake M.Three dimensional surface subsidence caused by tunnel driving[A].In:Balke ma A Z. Processings of the Fourth International Conference on Numerical Methods in Gomethanieals[C].Rotterdam.1982:551 — 559.
[20]张冬梅,黄宏伟,王箭明等.盾构推进引起地面沉降的粘弹性分析[J].岩土力学,2001,22(3)：311-314.
[21]孙钧,刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构法施工土体变形的三维数值模拟[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(4)：379-385.
[22]吕峰.车辆与结构相互作用随机动力分析[D].大连理工大学,2008.
[23]Garg V K, Dukkipati R V. Dynamics of railway vehicle systems. New York:Acaemic Press,1984:150 200
[24]刘晓敏.典型轨道谱的仿真分析研究.吉林：吉林大学硕士学位论文,2009
[25]徐金明,汤永净.分层总和法计算沉降的几点改进[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4)：518-521.
[26]李海芳,龚晓南.路堤下复合地基沉降影响因素有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2005,35(6)：49-51,25.
[27]Roseoe,K.H.&Burland,J.B.On the Generalized Stress-strain Behavior of wetClay.Engineering Plasticity Cambridge:CambridgeUniv.Press,1968:536-609
[28]Dunean,J.M.&C.Y.Chang.Nonlinear Analysis of Stress and Strain in 5011.J.of5011 Meehanies and Foundation Division,Proe.ASCE,96(5),1970:1629-165
[29]殷宗泽.土力学学科发展的现状与展望[J].河海大学学报,1999,27(1)：1-5.
[30]平海庆.沉降预测方法在工程中的应用与研究[D].同济大学工学硕士学位论文.上海.2007.
[31]平海庆.沉降预测方法在工程中的应用与研究[D).同济大学工学硕士学位论文.上海.2007.
[32]何庆成,叶晓滨,李志明,等.我国地面沉降现状及防治战略设想[J].高校地质学报,2006,12(2)：161-168.
[33]刘毅.地面沉降研究的新进展与面临的新问题[J].地学前缘,2001,8(2)：273-278.
[34]Richard J,Finno,Frank T,et al.Evaluating damage potential in buildings affected by excavations. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering.2005.
[35]王秀艳,刘长礼.深层黏性土渗透释水规律的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(3)：308-312.
[36]武强,谢海澜,赵增敏,等.弱透水层变形机理研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2006,28(3)：207-210.
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