车辆监控系统中Web GIS服务的设计与实现
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摘要
作为监控系统重要组成部分的车辆监控系统已经得到广泛应用,而其传统的数据表现形式却缺乏直观性和决策可视化。结合了Internet和地理信息系统(GIS)优点的WebGIS能把地理位置和监控系统中的现场状态有机结合起来,使得数据表现直观性强,实现了决策可视化。因此把Web GIS应用于车辆监控系统中是十分必要的。
论文首先根据项目对地理信息服务的需求设计了Web GIS的整体框架,将其划分成三层结构:数据管理层、地理信息服务逻辑层和数据表现层,并对每层进行了研究分析;运用专业GIS软件对空间数据实施了裁剪与合并,并设计了XML数据实现了地图图层的分层显示,有效解决了空间数据数量巨大,加载速度慢的问题;引入开源空间数据库来管理空间数据和属性数据,并把空间数据导入到空间数据库中,建立了空间索引,解决了用文件管理空间数据和属性数据无法实现复杂空间查询和空间分析的问题:运用ASENETAjaX技术对开源地图引擎SharpMap进行了重新设计和封装,解决了原开源地图引擎功能有限、封装性差的问题,更改了异步通信方式,提高了系统的实时性。
运用Web Service技术、数据库连接技术、面向对象的设计思想,以前面所做的工作为基础设计并实现了地理信息服务,并在车辆监控系统中取得了良好的应用效果。
As an important component of Moitoring System, Vehicle Monitoring System has been used widely, but its traditional data presentation method is lack of intuitive and decision-making visualization. Inherited the advantages of Internet and Geographic Information System(GIS), Web GIS can combine geographic location with field states in Monitoring System to give a very strong visual impression of the data presentation and realize decision-making visualization. So it is very essential to applicate Web GIS services in Vehicle Monitoring System.
First of all, considering the requirements of the geographic information services in this dissertation, the whole architecture of Web GIS is designed as three-layered structure: Data Management Tier, Geographic Information Services Logic Tier and Data Presentation, and then each tier is studied and analyzed respectively; Spatial data is cut and merged with professional GIS software, and XML data is designed to achieve display of map layers, so loading rate problem because of enormous amount of spatial data is resolved effectively; Open-source spatial database is introduced to manage spatial data and attribute data, and then spatial data is imported into spatial database, at the same time, spatial index is established to accelerate the speed of data query, at final, the problem which complex spatial query and spatial analysis can not be achieved by using file to manage spatial data and attribute data is resolved; Open-source map engine SharpMap is re-designed and re-packaged with ASP.NET Ajax technology to resolve problems of limited functions and poor encapsulation of the original map engine, the way of asynchronous communication is changed and the system's real-time is improved.
In the end, geographic information services which are designed and achieved with Web Service technology, database connection technology and object-oriented design ideas according to what you have done above have gained good results in Vehicle Monitoring System.
论文首先根据项目对地理信息服务的需求设计了Web GIS的整体框架,将其划分成三层结构:数据管理层、地理信息服务逻辑层和数据表现层,并对每层进行了研究分析;运用专业GIS软件对空间数据实施了裁剪与合并,并设计了XML数据实现了地图图层的分层显示,有效解决了空间数据数量巨大,加载速度慢的问题;引入开源空间数据库来管理空间数据和属性数据,并把空间数据导入到空间数据库中,建立了空间索引,解决了用文件管理空间数据和属性数据无法实现复杂空间查询和空间分析的问题:运用ASENETAjaX技术对开源地图引擎SharpMap进行了重新设计和封装,解决了原开源地图引擎功能有限、封装性差的问题,更改了异步通信方式,提高了系统的实时性。
运用Web Service技术、数据库连接技术、面向对象的设计思想,以前面所做的工作为基础设计并实现了地理信息服务,并在车辆监控系统中取得了良好的应用效果。
As an important component of Moitoring System, Vehicle Monitoring System has been used widely, but its traditional data presentation method is lack of intuitive and decision-making visualization. Inherited the advantages of Internet and Geographic Information System(GIS), Web GIS can combine geographic location with field states in Monitoring System to give a very strong visual impression of the data presentation and realize decision-making visualization. So it is very essential to applicate Web GIS services in Vehicle Monitoring System.
First of all, considering the requirements of the geographic information services in this dissertation, the whole architecture of Web GIS is designed as three-layered structure: Data Management Tier, Geographic Information Services Logic Tier and Data Presentation, and then each tier is studied and analyzed respectively; Spatial data is cut and merged with professional GIS software, and XML data is designed to achieve display of map layers, so loading rate problem because of enormous amount of spatial data is resolved effectively; Open-source spatial database is introduced to manage spatial data and attribute data, and then spatial data is imported into spatial database, at the same time, spatial index is established to accelerate the speed of data query, at final, the problem which complex spatial query and spatial analysis can not be achieved by using file to manage spatial data and attribute data is resolved; Open-source map engine SharpMap is re-designed and re-packaged with ASP.NET Ajax technology to resolve problems of limited functions and poor encapsulation of the original map engine, the way of asynchronous communication is changed and the system's real-time is improved.
In the end, geographic information services which are designed and achieved with Web Service technology, database connection technology and object-oriented design ideas according to what you have done above have gained good results in Vehicle Monitoring System.
引文
[1]马玉春.计算机监控技术与系统开发.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[2]何小阳.计算机监控原理与技术.重庆大学出版社,2003
[3]万加富,张文斐,张占松.网络监控系统原理与应用.机械工业出版社,2003
[4]刘明德,林杰斌.地理信息系统GIS理论与实务.北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[5]周文生,毛锋,胡鹏.丌放式Web GIS的理论与实践.北京:科学出版社,2007
[6]陆守一.地理信息系统.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[7]王占全,赵斯思,徐慧.地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[8]黄丁发,熊永良,袁林果.全球定位系统(GPS)理论与实践.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2006
[9]崔铁军.地理空间数据库原理.北京:科学出版社,2007
[10]马林兵,张新长,伍少坤.Web GIS原理与方法教程.北京:科学出版社,2006
[11]刘美凤.开源软件:最佳选择,还是另一种选择?.中国远程教育,2007,03S:70
[12]WebGIS缔造无缝世界.中国建设信息,2007,01X:3-3
[13](美)Rockford Lhotka.Expert C# Business Objects(Second Edition).电子工业出版社,2007
[14].NET 数据访问体系结构指南.http://www.microsoft.com/china/MSDN/library/EnterpriseDevelopment/BuildDistApp/Vsdnbdadaag.mspx?mfr=true
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[16]Bill Evjen,Scott Hanselman,Farhan Muhammad,Srinivasa Sivakumar,Denin Rader.Professional ASP.NET2.0.Wiley Publishing,Inc.,2006
[17]陈冠军.征服ASRNET 2.0 AjaX—Web开发技术详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[18]李清文.面向组件的空间数据库引擎的研究与实现.北京:北京工业大学,1999
[19]汪明冲,赵军,李玉琳.空间数据库引擎及其解决方案分析.地理信息世界,2005,4(4):63-64
[20]开源对象关系型数掘库PostgreSQL网址.http://www.postgresql.org/
[21]刘宏杰.PostgreSQL数据库及应用.石油工业计算机应用,2002,3:17-30
[22]夏鹏万.PostGIS开启开源空间数据库未来.软件世界,2006,20:52-54
[23]王家耀,华一新.军事地理信息系统.北京:解放军出版社,1997
[24]李滨,王青山,冯猛.空间数据库引擎关键技术剖析.测绘学院学报,2003,20(1):35-38
[25]王国仁,于戈,杨晓春,于亚新.XML数据管理技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[26](美)Sas Jacobs.XML基础教程:入门、DOM、Ajax与Flash.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[27]Extensible Markup Language 1.0(Fourth Edition).http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-origin-goals
[28](美)Karli Watson,Christian Nagel.C#入门经典(第3版).北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[29]MSA 企业设计.http://www.microsoft.com/china/technet/itsolutions/techguide/msa/vmhtm25.mspx
[30]开源地图引擎SharpMap源代码网址.http://www.codeplex.com/SharpMap
[31]Justin Gehtland,Ben Galbraith,DionAlmaer.Ajax 修炼之道.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[32]施伟伟,张蓓.[Ajax]Web 2.0快速入门与项目实践(.net).北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[33]陈黎夫.ASP.NET Ajax程序设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[34]郭磬君,张艳丽,王芳芳.ASP.NET Aax入门与案例详解.机械工业出版社,2007
[35]冷英男,李文超.面向对象程序设计教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[36]黄永忠,陈新,陈海勇.面向对象方法与技术基础.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[37]莫勇腾.深入浅出设计模式(C#/Java版).北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[38]Google Maps 网址.http://maps.google.com/
[39]文登敏,张丽梅.面向对象理论与实践.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005
[40][美]Sahil Malik.ADO.NET 2.0高级程序设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[41](美)David Sceppa.ADO.NET 2.0技术内幕.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[2]何小阳.计算机监控原理与技术.重庆大学出版社,2003
[3]万加富,张文斐,张占松.网络监控系统原理与应用.机械工业出版社,2003
[4]刘明德,林杰斌.地理信息系统GIS理论与实务.北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[5]周文生,毛锋,胡鹏.丌放式Web GIS的理论与实践.北京:科学出版社,2007
[6]陆守一.地理信息系统.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[7]王占全,赵斯思,徐慧.地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[8]黄丁发,熊永良,袁林果.全球定位系统(GPS)理论与实践.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2006
[9]崔铁军.地理空间数据库原理.北京:科学出版社,2007
[10]马林兵,张新长,伍少坤.Web GIS原理与方法教程.北京:科学出版社,2006
[11]刘美凤.开源软件:最佳选择,还是另一种选择?.中国远程教育,2007,03S:70
[12]WebGIS缔造无缝世界.中国建设信息,2007,01X:3-3
[13](美)Rockford Lhotka.Expert C# Business Objects(Second Edition).电子工业出版社,2007
[14].NET 数据访问体系结构指南.http://www.microsoft.com/china/MSDN/library/EnterpriseDevelopment/BuildDistApp/Vsdnbdadaag.mspx?mfr=true
[15]Dave Crane,Eric Pascarello,Darren James.Aiax in Action.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[16]Bill Evjen,Scott Hanselman,Farhan Muhammad,Srinivasa Sivakumar,Denin Rader.Professional ASP.NET2.0.Wiley Publishing,Inc.,2006
[17]陈冠军.征服ASRNET 2.0 AjaX—Web开发技术详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[18]李清文.面向组件的空间数据库引擎的研究与实现.北京:北京工业大学,1999
[19]汪明冲,赵军,李玉琳.空间数据库引擎及其解决方案分析.地理信息世界,2005,4(4):63-64
[20]开源对象关系型数掘库PostgreSQL网址.http://www.postgresql.org/
[21]刘宏杰.PostgreSQL数据库及应用.石油工业计算机应用,2002,3:17-30
[22]夏鹏万.PostGIS开启开源空间数据库未来.软件世界,2006,20:52-54
[23]王家耀,华一新.军事地理信息系统.北京:解放军出版社,1997
[24]李滨,王青山,冯猛.空间数据库引擎关键技术剖析.测绘学院学报,2003,20(1):35-38
[25]王国仁,于戈,杨晓春,于亚新.XML数据管理技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[26](美)Sas Jacobs.XML基础教程:入门、DOM、Ajax与Flash.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[27]Extensible Markup Language 1.0(Fourth Edition).http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-origin-goals
[28](美)Karli Watson,Christian Nagel.C#入门经典(第3版).北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[29]MSA 企业设计.http://www.microsoft.com/china/technet/itsolutions/techguide/msa/vmhtm25.mspx
[30]开源地图引擎SharpMap源代码网址.http://www.codeplex.com/SharpMap
[31]Justin Gehtland,Ben Galbraith,DionAlmaer.Ajax 修炼之道.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[32]施伟伟,张蓓.[Ajax]Web 2.0快速入门与项目实践(.net).北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[33]陈黎夫.ASP.NET Ajax程序设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[34]郭磬君,张艳丽,王芳芳.ASP.NET Aax入门与案例详解.机械工业出版社,2007
[35]冷英男,李文超.面向对象程序设计教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[36]黄永忠,陈新,陈海勇.面向对象方法与技术基础.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[37]莫勇腾.深入浅出设计模式(C#/Java版).北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[38]Google Maps 网址.http://maps.google.com/
[39]文登敏,张丽梅.面向对象理论与实践.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005
[40][美]Sahil Malik.ADO.NET 2.0高级程序设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[41](美)David Sceppa.ADO.NET 2.0技术内幕.北京:清华大学出版社,2007