人工曝气强化技术对缓流重污染水体水质应急修复的研究
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摘要
人工曝气强化技术(The artificial aeration strengthening technology)经过多年发展广泛应用于各个工程中,对黑臭河道除污以及应急修复起到重大作用。课题以水体水质净化与长效保持为目的,通过人工曝气强化技术,来改变城镇污染河道黑臭现状。课题考察人工曝气强化技术对同心河应急修复及除污效果影响,研究在试验条件下,不同曝气强度与不同外源污染负荷对同心河水质人工曝气除污效果的影响。
现场运行人工曝气系统,短时间内进行人工复氧,对去除水体有机物及营养盐无明显效果,仅对提高水体溶解氧、消除水体恶臭有一定作用。在限定水体范围内,曝气强度越大,水体溶解氧越容易短时间内升高,有利于提高河流水质,发挥曝气机应急处理作用。对同心河这样流动性较差的河流,曝气起到一定的推流作用。
在相同工况条件下,水车式曝气机的复氧能力较强,服务范围大,对河底底泥扰动程度小,曝气后水体感官效果好。两种曝气机对水体中CODcr均有去除,水车式去除氨氮效果好于潜水式曝气机,但两种曝气机对溶解性磷酸盐均无去除效果。
在限定范围水体、无外源污染进入的条件下,控制对水体恒定的充氧量,污染水体水质能得到好转。结果表明,当曝气强度为250L/(m~3.h)时即能有较好的除污效果,加大曝气强度污染水体除污率并没有提高。因此建议不需要加大曝气强度,避免浪费。
在试验条件下,当水体CODcr容积负荷为0.02Kg/(m~3.d)、氨氮容积负荷为0.004Kg/(m~3.d)、TP容积负荷为0.00013Kg/(m~3.d),相当于同心河现在每日流进污水4000m~3左右时,对曝气去除污染物效果影响很大,应急修复效果较差;当水体CODcr容积负荷0.005Kg/(m~3.d)、氨氮容积负荷0.00082Kg/(m~3.d)、TP容积负荷0.00004Kg/(m~3.d),相当于同心河现在每日流进污水1000m~3左右时,人工曝气对污染物能起到较好的去除作用。
建议昆山同心河每天排入污水量由4000m~3减少到959m~3(新增截流污水量3000吨)。截污后,进入同心河污染物总量分别为CODcr为220.57Kg/d、NH_4~+-N为14.58Kg/d、TP为3.45Kg/d。曝气运行对污染物削减量CODcr为220.69 Kg/d、NH_4~+-N为41.66Kg/d、TP为3.6Kg/d。新增截污后,以现有人工曝气条件下运行可达到短期治理目标。
试验所有结论对同心河人工曝气应急修复及除污有着重要的理论和实践意义。
Artificial aeration strengthen technology what been widely appled in each project have developed many years, played an important function to defaecate the black smelly river course as well as emergency repair the water body. The goal of this topic is enhancing the water body water quality purification and the persistent effect well, changing the city polluted stream black smelly present situation by the artificial aeration strengthen technology. The topic have inspected the artificial aeration strengthen technology to the concentric river emergency repair and the defaecated effect influence; studied the different aeration intensity and different extraneous source pollution load to concentric river water quality artificial aeration defaecated effect influence under the small scale condition.
Running the artificial aeration system in the scene movement, artificial reaerationon in a short time, to removes the water body organic matter and the nutrient salt not tangible effect, only to enhances the water body dissolved oxygen, to eliminate the water body odor to have certain function.In defines in the water body scope, the aeration intensity is bigger, the level of the water body dissolved oxygen is higher in the short time to elevate, advantageous in enhancing the rivers water quality, the display insolation internal combustion engine emergency processing function.As the concentric river such fluidity bad rivers, the aeration plays certain drift role.
The waterwheel type aeration machine and the diving type aeration machine under the same operating mode condition, waterwheel type aeration machine reaerationon ability is stronger, smaller perturbation degree to the bottom mud of river bottom, after the aeration, the water body sense organ effect is better.Two kinds of aeration machine can reduce CODcr in the water body, the waterwheel type’s denitrogenation effect better than the diving type aeration machine, but two kinds of aeration machine do not have the elimination effect to the soluble phosphate.
In a limited range of water body, the non-extraneous source pollution, controled artificial aeration to the water body constant oxygenizement quantity, Pollution water’s quality to be able to obtain the change for the better. The experiment discovered that when controled aeration intensity is 250L/(m~3.h) can have the good defaecating effect, increased the aeration intensity to pollute water body defaecating rate not be enhanced. Therefore, suggested it does not need to increase the aeration intensity, avoid wasting.
Under the small scale condition, when influent CODcr volume load is 0.02Kg/(m~3.d), the ammonia nitrogen volume load is 0.004Kg/(m~3.d), the TP volume load is 0.00013Kg/(m~3.d), equal everyday influent about 4000m~3 water into concentric river now, to the aeration elimination pollutant effect influence is very big, emergency repair effect is poorer; When the influent CODcr volume load is 0.005Kg/(m~3.d), the influent ammonia nitrogen volume load is 0.00082Kg/(m~3.d), the influent TP volume load is 0.00004Kg/(m~3.d), to be equal everyday influent about 1000m~3 water into concentric river now, the artificial aeration to the pollutant elimination can play the good elimination role.
It is suggested that Kunshan concentric river disperses into the volume of contaminated water waste to reduce from 4000m~3 to 959m~3 about (additional cut-off volume of contaminated water waste 3000 tons) every day. After truncation dirt, the total pollutant quantity what inflow into the concentric river respectively is CODcr=220.57Kg/d, NH_4~+-N= 14.58Kg/d, TP= 3.45Kg/d every day.The aeration machine can reduce the pollutant measures CODcr is 220.69 Kg/d, NH_4~+-N is 41.66Kg/d, TP is 3.6Kg/d. After additional truncation dirt, running the existing artificial aeration condition can achieve the short-term government goal.
All conclusions of the experiments have the important theory and the practice significance to the concentric river artificial aeration emergency repair and defaecating.
现场运行人工曝气系统,短时间内进行人工复氧,对去除水体有机物及营养盐无明显效果,仅对提高水体溶解氧、消除水体恶臭有一定作用。在限定水体范围内,曝气强度越大,水体溶解氧越容易短时间内升高,有利于提高河流水质,发挥曝气机应急处理作用。对同心河这样流动性较差的河流,曝气起到一定的推流作用。
在相同工况条件下,水车式曝气机的复氧能力较强,服务范围大,对河底底泥扰动程度小,曝气后水体感官效果好。两种曝气机对水体中CODcr均有去除,水车式去除氨氮效果好于潜水式曝气机,但两种曝气机对溶解性磷酸盐均无去除效果。
在限定范围水体、无外源污染进入的条件下,控制对水体恒定的充氧量,污染水体水质能得到好转。结果表明,当曝气强度为250L/(m~3.h)时即能有较好的除污效果,加大曝气强度污染水体除污率并没有提高。因此建议不需要加大曝气强度,避免浪费。
在试验条件下,当水体CODcr容积负荷为0.02Kg/(m~3.d)、氨氮容积负荷为0.004Kg/(m~3.d)、TP容积负荷为0.00013Kg/(m~3.d),相当于同心河现在每日流进污水4000m~3左右时,对曝气去除污染物效果影响很大,应急修复效果较差;当水体CODcr容积负荷0.005Kg/(m~3.d)、氨氮容积负荷0.00082Kg/(m~3.d)、TP容积负荷0.00004Kg/(m~3.d),相当于同心河现在每日流进污水1000m~3左右时,人工曝气对污染物能起到较好的去除作用。
建议昆山同心河每天排入污水量由4000m~3减少到959m~3(新增截流污水量3000吨)。截污后,进入同心河污染物总量分别为CODcr为220.57Kg/d、NH_4~+-N为14.58Kg/d、TP为3.45Kg/d。曝气运行对污染物削减量CODcr为220.69 Kg/d、NH_4~+-N为41.66Kg/d、TP为3.6Kg/d。新增截污后,以现有人工曝气条件下运行可达到短期治理目标。
试验所有结论对同心河人工曝气应急修复及除污有着重要的理论和实践意义。
Artificial aeration strengthen technology what been widely appled in each project have developed many years, played an important function to defaecate the black smelly river course as well as emergency repair the water body. The goal of this topic is enhancing the water body water quality purification and the persistent effect well, changing the city polluted stream black smelly present situation by the artificial aeration strengthen technology. The topic have inspected the artificial aeration strengthen technology to the concentric river emergency repair and the defaecated effect influence; studied the different aeration intensity and different extraneous source pollution load to concentric river water quality artificial aeration defaecated effect influence under the small scale condition.
Running the artificial aeration system in the scene movement, artificial reaerationon in a short time, to removes the water body organic matter and the nutrient salt not tangible effect, only to enhances the water body dissolved oxygen, to eliminate the water body odor to have certain function.In defines in the water body scope, the aeration intensity is bigger, the level of the water body dissolved oxygen is higher in the short time to elevate, advantageous in enhancing the rivers water quality, the display insolation internal combustion engine emergency processing function.As the concentric river such fluidity bad rivers, the aeration plays certain drift role.
The waterwheel type aeration machine and the diving type aeration machine under the same operating mode condition, waterwheel type aeration machine reaerationon ability is stronger, smaller perturbation degree to the bottom mud of river bottom, after the aeration, the water body sense organ effect is better.Two kinds of aeration machine can reduce CODcr in the water body, the waterwheel type’s denitrogenation effect better than the diving type aeration machine, but two kinds of aeration machine do not have the elimination effect to the soluble phosphate.
In a limited range of water body, the non-extraneous source pollution, controled artificial aeration to the water body constant oxygenizement quantity, Pollution water’s quality to be able to obtain the change for the better. The experiment discovered that when controled aeration intensity is 250L/(m~3.h) can have the good defaecating effect, increased the aeration intensity to pollute water body defaecating rate not be enhanced. Therefore, suggested it does not need to increase the aeration intensity, avoid wasting.
Under the small scale condition, when influent CODcr volume load is 0.02Kg/(m~3.d), the ammonia nitrogen volume load is 0.004Kg/(m~3.d), the TP volume load is 0.00013Kg/(m~3.d), equal everyday influent about 4000m~3 water into concentric river now, to the aeration elimination pollutant effect influence is very big, emergency repair effect is poorer; When the influent CODcr volume load is 0.005Kg/(m~3.d), the influent ammonia nitrogen volume load is 0.00082Kg/(m~3.d), the influent TP volume load is 0.00004Kg/(m~3.d), to be equal everyday influent about 1000m~3 water into concentric river now, the artificial aeration to the pollutant elimination can play the good elimination role.
It is suggested that Kunshan concentric river disperses into the volume of contaminated water waste to reduce from 4000m~3 to 959m~3 about (additional cut-off volume of contaminated water waste 3000 tons) every day. After truncation dirt, the total pollutant quantity what inflow into the concentric river respectively is CODcr=220.57Kg/d, NH_4~+-N= 14.58Kg/d, TP= 3.45Kg/d every day.The aeration machine can reduce the pollutant measures CODcr is 220.69 Kg/d, NH_4~+-N is 41.66Kg/d, TP is 3.6Kg/d. After additional truncation dirt, running the existing artificial aeration condition can achieve the short-term government goal.
All conclusions of the experiments have the important theory and the practice significance to the concentric river artificial aeration emergency repair and defaecating.
引文
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