政府诚信建设的路径选择研究
摘要
诚信是我国的传统美德,也是中华民族传统道德中的一个最重要的规范。政府在社会主义诚信建设中起着规范社会行为和以身作则的双重作用。因此,我国政府诚信也就成为了社会广泛关注的焦点。本文以委托代理理论为视角,从政府诚信建设理论,缺失现状影响,以及构建路径等几个方面进行了讨论,希望能对政府的诚信建设提出一些可借鉴的意见。
政府诚信是指政府诚实守信,并且以诚实信用的行为获得公众的信任,为政府赢得公信力。古今中外的学者针对这一问题进行了深入的研究,但是研究忽视了政府与公众的互动问题。在公民社会建设成为社会发展目标的今天,如何引导公民参政议政成为社会教育的重要问题,政府与公众之间的沟通自然也成为重中之重。本文引入GMP模式,对政府公众之间的沟通进行了分析,弥补了其他文献中的不足。
本文首先分析了研究政府诚信的理论意义和实践意义,以及本文的研究方法和创新。同时,概述了政府诚信建设的理论基础,并在此基础上分析了在我国构建诚信政府的必要性和紧迫性。然后,运用委托代理理论,从作为代理人的政府、作为委托人的公众以及代理人和委托人之间的互动三个角度寻求政府诚信不足,失信于民的外在、内在原因。结合对我国政府诚信建设的前提分析,最终,从法治、行政、环境三个方面出发提出了完善法律,完善行政问责制度,强化诚信监督,推行政务公开,强化政府行为的制度约束,打造诚信文化,推进政府、公众双向互动,建设信息对称、政务公开的行政环境等一系列路径选择。
Good faith is our country's traditional virtues, and also is one of the most important norms in traditional Chinese morality. Government on one hand sets norms of social in the building of good faith of socialist and on the other hand sets an example for social members. So our country’s good faith in Government becomes a focus with whole society. This article discusses the theory of construction of the good faith in Government; the impact of the absence of good faith; the route of construction and so on, on basis of the Principal-Agent Theory, in order to promote some advices which can be used for reference.
Good faith in Government means the Government must be honest and creditable, and also win the faith of public by honest and creditable behaviors. So many scholars research these questions deeply, but they didn’t notice the question of interactive between the government and the public. Nowadays, as civil society becomes the goal of the development of the society, how to guide the citizen participation in politics has become an important issue of social education, the Government and the public communication between the natural has become the top priority. This article introduces the GMP pattern to analyze the communication of the government and the public, which makes up for lack of other literatures.
This article first analyzes the theoretical and practical significance of the good faith in government, as well as research methods and innovation in this article. At the same time, this article outlines the theoretical basis for the construction of good faith in Government, and on this basis I analyze urgency. Then, using the Principal-Agent Theory, the author analyzes from there different aspects: the government as an agent, the public as the agency and the interaction between the two, to reveal the outer and inner reasons why the public’s faith failed in government. Ultimately ,this article combined with the analysis of the prerequisite for the construction of good faith in government, study from the rule of law, administration, three aspects of the environment from, proposed laws to improve and perfect the system of administrative accountability, and strengthen the integrity monitoring, promoting openness in government affairs, and strengthen the system of government action bound to create credibility culture, promoting the Government, the public two-way interaction, the construction of asymmetric information, the Chief of the administrative environment in public a series of route choice.
政府诚信是指政府诚实守信,并且以诚实信用的行为获得公众的信任,为政府赢得公信力。古今中外的学者针对这一问题进行了深入的研究,但是研究忽视了政府与公众的互动问题。在公民社会建设成为社会发展目标的今天,如何引导公民参政议政成为社会教育的重要问题,政府与公众之间的沟通自然也成为重中之重。本文引入GMP模式,对政府公众之间的沟通进行了分析,弥补了其他文献中的不足。
本文首先分析了研究政府诚信的理论意义和实践意义,以及本文的研究方法和创新。同时,概述了政府诚信建设的理论基础,并在此基础上分析了在我国构建诚信政府的必要性和紧迫性。然后,运用委托代理理论,从作为代理人的政府、作为委托人的公众以及代理人和委托人之间的互动三个角度寻求政府诚信不足,失信于民的外在、内在原因。结合对我国政府诚信建设的前提分析,最终,从法治、行政、环境三个方面出发提出了完善法律,完善行政问责制度,强化诚信监督,推行政务公开,强化政府行为的制度约束,打造诚信文化,推进政府、公众双向互动,建设信息对称、政务公开的行政环境等一系列路径选择。
Good faith is our country's traditional virtues, and also is one of the most important norms in traditional Chinese morality. Government on one hand sets norms of social in the building of good faith of socialist and on the other hand sets an example for social members. So our country’s good faith in Government becomes a focus with whole society. This article discusses the theory of construction of the good faith in Government; the impact of the absence of good faith; the route of construction and so on, on basis of the Principal-Agent Theory, in order to promote some advices which can be used for reference.
Good faith in Government means the Government must be honest and creditable, and also win the faith of public by honest and creditable behaviors. So many scholars research these questions deeply, but they didn’t notice the question of interactive between the government and the public. Nowadays, as civil society becomes the goal of the development of the society, how to guide the citizen participation in politics has become an important issue of social education, the Government and the public communication between the natural has become the top priority. This article introduces the GMP pattern to analyze the communication of the government and the public, which makes up for lack of other literatures.
This article first analyzes the theoretical and practical significance of the good faith in government, as well as research methods and innovation in this article. At the same time, this article outlines the theoretical basis for the construction of good faith in Government, and on this basis I analyze urgency. Then, using the Principal-Agent Theory, the author analyzes from there different aspects: the government as an agent, the public as the agency and the interaction between the two, to reveal the outer and inner reasons why the public’s faith failed in government. Ultimately ,this article combined with the analysis of the prerequisite for the construction of good faith in government, study from the rule of law, administration, three aspects of the environment from, proposed laws to improve and perfect the system of administrative accountability, and strengthen the integrity monitoring, promoting openness in government affairs, and strengthen the system of government action bound to create credibility culture, promoting the Government, the public two-way interaction, the construction of asymmetric information, the Chief of the administrative environment in public a series of route choice.
引文
[1]网址::http://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/t/20060220/0247558113.shtml
[2]网址:http://beijing.gongmin.blog.163.com/blog/static/321845842007529114233186
[3]网址:http://www.china315.com/zxts/moji.asp?id=5979
[4]魏昕,博阳.诚信危机:透视中国一个严重的社会问题.北京:北京社会科学出版社03版,47
[5]陈潮生,巫元清.政府失信的主要表现及化解对策.成都行政学院学报,2005(5):13-15
[6]董瑞婷.当前我国推进政府诚信建设研究:[硕士学位论文].河南:河南大学,2007:22-25
[7]赛谬尔·P·亨廷顿.变化社会中的政治秩序.北京:三联书店,1989,35-39
[8]杨曦.我国政府诚信建设的路径选择:[硕士学位论文].北京:中央民族大学,2007:14-17
[9]塞缪尔·亨廷顿.变革社会中的政治秩序.北京:华夏出版社,1988,28
[10]彼得·什托姆普卡.信任——一种社会学理论.北京:中华书局,2005,35
[11]弗朗西斯·福山.信任——社会道德与繁荣的创造.呼和浩特:远方出版社,1998,243
[12]张维迎.产权、政府与信誉.北京:三联书店,2001,13
[13]彭定光.论政治诚信.中南大学学报:社科版,2005:694-701
[14]荀况.荀子简释.北京:中华书局,1983:193
[15]陈生玺.政书集成(第二辑).郑州:中州古籍出版社,1996,699
[16]焦国成.诚信的制度保障.江海学刊,200303
[17]蒋璟萍.诚信缺失原因分析.湖南商学院学报,2004,3:80-81
[18]应松年,杨解君.行政许可法的理论与制度解读.北京:北京大学出版社,2004,105-106
[19]刘松山.论政府诚信.中国法学,2003(4) :24—26
[20]田灿.十六大奋斗目标和我国政党制度的习惯探讨.求索, 2003(3):22-23
[21]陈国权.论责任政府及其实现过程中的监督作用.浙江大学学报(人文社会学版),2001(3):32-33
[22]李利芳.新时期政府诚信建构的伦理反思与路径选择:[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学,2005:37-39
[23][24][25][26] (英)洛克.政府论下篇.北京:商务印书馆,1964,54-78
[27]亨廷顿.变化社会中的政治秩序.北京:三联书店,1989,25
[28]孙亚中,葛笑如.政府信用的渊源和理论分析.生产力研究,2004(2):21-23
[29]陈建中.建设社会主义政治文明需要批判地吸收西方政治文明的成果.中共杭州市委党校学报, 2002(6):27-29
[30]谭卫华.西方国家的选举制度极其启示. http://www.chinalawedu.com/news/ 15300/157/2006/5/xi3115113911615600216585-0.htm
[31]王勇,鲍跃华.借鉴西方政党制度的合理因素推进党内民主与党际监督.党政制度,2006(2):34-36
[32]王俊壹.公民言论自由的法律保护[硕士学位论文],江苏:苏州大学,2008,9
[33]陈力丹.西方新闻自由与言论自由的固有矛盾.新闻大学,2008,97(3):19-21
[34]郭万伟.“人民民主专政”、“人民代表大会制度”与“中国共产党的领导”关系辨析.中学政史地,2007(2):11-13
[35]李志强,李延青.论人民民主专政理论的创立、坚持和发展.大庆师范学院学报,2008,28(4):12-15
[36]区丽涛.从公民社会视角谈政府民主治理.陕西行政管理学院学报,2007(23):15-17
[37]包国宪,潘旭.“新三元结构”与公民社会发展——从政府体制改革的视角分析.湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,31(6):28-30
[38]王健等.电子政务与行政法律建设.国家行政学院学报,2006(1):31-32
[39]刘慎元.舆论监督与政府形象.中国绿色时报,2006(7):9-11
[40]杨曦.我国政府诚信建设的路径选择:[硕士学位论文].北京:中央民族大学,2007:25-27
[41]王和.再论历史规律——兼谈唯物史观的发展问题.清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(23):31-32
[42]祝小宁,白秀银.政府公信力的信息互动选择机理探究.中国行政管理, 2008(05):31-32
[43]郭庆光.传播学教程.北京:中国人民大学出版社,161-165
[44]马起华.政治学原理:下册.台北:大中国图书公司,1985,1229
[45]王冰.我国地方政府公信力建设研究:[硕士学位论文].河南:郑州大学,2007:44-45
[46]郑传仲.现代政治学原理.山西:人民出版社,2001,168
[47] (法)孟德斯鸿.论法的精神.北京:商务印书馆,1961,155
[48]李刚.论政府诚信与制度约束:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学2004:45-48
[49](美)诺思.经济史中的结构与变迁.上海:三联书店,1994,225-226
[2]网址:http://beijing.gongmin.blog.163.com/blog/static/321845842007529114233186
[3]网址:http://www.china315.com/zxts/moji.asp?id=5979
[4]魏昕,博阳.诚信危机:透视中国一个严重的社会问题.北京:北京社会科学出版社03版,47
[5]陈潮生,巫元清.政府失信的主要表现及化解对策.成都行政学院学报,2005(5):13-15
[6]董瑞婷.当前我国推进政府诚信建设研究:[硕士学位论文].河南:河南大学,2007:22-25
[7]赛谬尔·P·亨廷顿.变化社会中的政治秩序.北京:三联书店,1989,35-39
[8]杨曦.我国政府诚信建设的路径选择:[硕士学位论文].北京:中央民族大学,2007:14-17
[9]塞缪尔·亨廷顿.变革社会中的政治秩序.北京:华夏出版社,1988,28
[10]彼得·什托姆普卡.信任——一种社会学理论.北京:中华书局,2005,35
[11]弗朗西斯·福山.信任——社会道德与繁荣的创造.呼和浩特:远方出版社,1998,243
[12]张维迎.产权、政府与信誉.北京:三联书店,2001,13
[13]彭定光.论政治诚信.中南大学学报:社科版,2005:694-701
[14]荀况.荀子简释.北京:中华书局,1983:193
[15]陈生玺.政书集成(第二辑).郑州:中州古籍出版社,1996,699
[16]焦国成.诚信的制度保障.江海学刊,200303
[17]蒋璟萍.诚信缺失原因分析.湖南商学院学报,2004,3:80-81
[18]应松年,杨解君.行政许可法的理论与制度解读.北京:北京大学出版社,2004,105-106
[19]刘松山.论政府诚信.中国法学,2003(4) :24—26
[20]田灿.十六大奋斗目标和我国政党制度的习惯探讨.求索, 2003(3):22-23
[21]陈国权.论责任政府及其实现过程中的监督作用.浙江大学学报(人文社会学版),2001(3):32-33
[22]李利芳.新时期政府诚信建构的伦理反思与路径选择:[硕士学位论文].山东:曲阜师范大学,2005:37-39
[23][24][25][26] (英)洛克.政府论下篇.北京:商务印书馆,1964,54-78
[27]亨廷顿.变化社会中的政治秩序.北京:三联书店,1989,25
[28]孙亚中,葛笑如.政府信用的渊源和理论分析.生产力研究,2004(2):21-23
[29]陈建中.建设社会主义政治文明需要批判地吸收西方政治文明的成果.中共杭州市委党校学报, 2002(6):27-29
[30]谭卫华.西方国家的选举制度极其启示. http://www.chinalawedu.com/news/ 15300/157/2006/5/xi3115113911615600216585-0.htm
[31]王勇,鲍跃华.借鉴西方政党制度的合理因素推进党内民主与党际监督.党政制度,2006(2):34-36
[32]王俊壹.公民言论自由的法律保护[硕士学位论文],江苏:苏州大学,2008,9
[33]陈力丹.西方新闻自由与言论自由的固有矛盾.新闻大学,2008,97(3):19-21
[34]郭万伟.“人民民主专政”、“人民代表大会制度”与“中国共产党的领导”关系辨析.中学政史地,2007(2):11-13
[35]李志强,李延青.论人民民主专政理论的创立、坚持和发展.大庆师范学院学报,2008,28(4):12-15
[36]区丽涛.从公民社会视角谈政府民主治理.陕西行政管理学院学报,2007(23):15-17
[37]包国宪,潘旭.“新三元结构”与公民社会发展——从政府体制改革的视角分析.湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,31(6):28-30
[38]王健等.电子政务与行政法律建设.国家行政学院学报,2006(1):31-32
[39]刘慎元.舆论监督与政府形象.中国绿色时报,2006(7):9-11
[40]杨曦.我国政府诚信建设的路径选择:[硕士学位论文].北京:中央民族大学,2007:25-27
[41]王和.再论历史规律——兼谈唯物史观的发展问题.清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(23):31-32
[42]祝小宁,白秀银.政府公信力的信息互动选择机理探究.中国行政管理, 2008(05):31-32
[43]郭庆光.传播学教程.北京:中国人民大学出版社,161-165
[44]马起华.政治学原理:下册.台北:大中国图书公司,1985,1229
[45]王冰.我国地方政府公信力建设研究:[硕士学位论文].河南:郑州大学,2007:44-45
[46]郑传仲.现代政治学原理.山西:人民出版社,2001,168
[47] (法)孟德斯鸿.论法的精神.北京:商务印书馆,1961,155
[48]李刚.论政府诚信与制度约束:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学2004:45-48
[49](美)诺思.经济史中的结构与变迁.上海:三联书店,1994,225-226