新型干式微孔过滤除尘器控制黑烟污染的实验研究
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摘要
我国是目前世界以煤为主要能源的国家之一,工业燃煤陶瓷窑炉在煤的燃烧过程中会产生大量的黑烟。黑烟的主要成分是炭黑,造成了严重的大气污染。炭黑粒径较小,并具有疏水性的表面。由于炭黑的特殊性质,传统的烟尘治理技术难以有效去除炭黑。
本论文首先从炭黑粒子产生的机理出发,对炭黑的物理化学性质作了深入的研究,为后面黑烟的去除作好准备。在对炭黑特性的详细研究、阅读大量文献的思考后提出了一种去除炭黑的新方法:对传统袋式除尘器进行改造、更新,采用陶瓷质微孔管代替传统的纤维滤料,研制开发出一种新型干式微孔过滤除尘器,用干法过滤去除黑烟。
微孔陶瓷具有很好的化学稳定性和热稳定性,且机械强度高,刚性大,不容易外形变化和孔径变型,气孔分布均匀,使用寿命长,再生、清渣简易,维修方便,运行费用低。可以代替棉布、丝织物、塑料、贵金属网等滤材。价格低,并消除了这些滤材存在的缺陷,从而提高生产效率,降低生产成本,取得显著的经济效益。微孔陶瓷的这些优异性能,使它在化工、石油、冶金、机械、炼油、纺织、医药、食品、酿酒、火电、电镀、核工业等行业中广泛用于扩散、吸收、混合、流态化、过滤等操作。还可用作催化剂载体。在环保领域中,更显出微孔陶瓷在治理“三废”方面的独特功能和使用价值。
本实验通过对微孔陶瓷干法过滤除尘器的研究,了解并介绍了微孔陶瓷滤料的基本性质。通过在不同的入口粉尘浓度和过滤速度的状态下对该设备进行测试,对风量、反吹时间等的具体操作方式进行了调整,让整个设备工作方式更加合理。并对反吹,粒径分布,分级效率等问题做了更加深入的研究和探讨。同时对设备本身的压力损失等工作情况做了初步的校核和测量,以供参考。
In China the fuel of most industrial ceramic kilns depends on coal.During the burning of the industrial coal-burning ceramic kilns, much black smoke created. It brings grave air-pollution It also do harm to surrounding environment and people’s health .Its main component is carbon black. Because of the pricular characteristics of carbon black----the surface of it is hydrophobic and its partical is very tiny and wispy, dust remove technique can not remove it efficiently.
This paper made in-depth studies for the mechanism of the physical and chemical properties and made a prepared for removing the carbon black. A new method had been proposed after reading lots of documents carbon black: use of microporous ceramic tube instead of the traditional fiber filter, developed a new kind of dry microporous filtration dust catcher to remove the carbon black.
The microporous ceramic tube has good chemical and thermal stability ,high mechanical strength and rigidity, it’s shape and aperture variant is not easy to change and the pore distribution is uniform it has long service life, regeneration, easy maintenance and low-cost operation. it can substitute for cotton, silk, fabrics, plastics, metals net filter and low prices . Microporous ceramic these excellent performance make it in the chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, machinery, petroleum refining, textiles, medicine, food, wine, thermal power, electroplating, the nuclear industry are wide used in industries such as proliferation, absorption, and mixed flow pattern , filtering operation. Also can be used as catalyst support. In the field of environmental protection, it is even more porous ceramic show in the governance of the "three wastes" and the unique features of value.
Through studying the dry-type microporous filtration dust catcher and understand the fundamental nature. Through the entrance of dust in different concentration and the filtration rate of the state of equipment to test the air flow, purge-time specific mode of operation have been adjusted so that the entire equipment working methods more reasonable. And done a more in-depth study about back blowing, particle size distribution, issues such as efficiency grading and discussion. At the same time the pressure on the equipment itself, such as loss of work done a preliminary check and measurement,for reference.
本论文首先从炭黑粒子产生的机理出发,对炭黑的物理化学性质作了深入的研究,为后面黑烟的去除作好准备。在对炭黑特性的详细研究、阅读大量文献的思考后提出了一种去除炭黑的新方法:对传统袋式除尘器进行改造、更新,采用陶瓷质微孔管代替传统的纤维滤料,研制开发出一种新型干式微孔过滤除尘器,用干法过滤去除黑烟。
微孔陶瓷具有很好的化学稳定性和热稳定性,且机械强度高,刚性大,不容易外形变化和孔径变型,气孔分布均匀,使用寿命长,再生、清渣简易,维修方便,运行费用低。可以代替棉布、丝织物、塑料、贵金属网等滤材。价格低,并消除了这些滤材存在的缺陷,从而提高生产效率,降低生产成本,取得显著的经济效益。微孔陶瓷的这些优异性能,使它在化工、石油、冶金、机械、炼油、纺织、医药、食品、酿酒、火电、电镀、核工业等行业中广泛用于扩散、吸收、混合、流态化、过滤等操作。还可用作催化剂载体。在环保领域中,更显出微孔陶瓷在治理“三废”方面的独特功能和使用价值。
本实验通过对微孔陶瓷干法过滤除尘器的研究,了解并介绍了微孔陶瓷滤料的基本性质。通过在不同的入口粉尘浓度和过滤速度的状态下对该设备进行测试,对风量、反吹时间等的具体操作方式进行了调整,让整个设备工作方式更加合理。并对反吹,粒径分布,分级效率等问题做了更加深入的研究和探讨。同时对设备本身的压力损失等工作情况做了初步的校核和测量,以供参考。
In China the fuel of most industrial ceramic kilns depends on coal.During the burning of the industrial coal-burning ceramic kilns, much black smoke created. It brings grave air-pollution It also do harm to surrounding environment and people’s health .Its main component is carbon black. Because of the pricular characteristics of carbon black----the surface of it is hydrophobic and its partical is very tiny and wispy, dust remove technique can not remove it efficiently.
This paper made in-depth studies for the mechanism of the physical and chemical properties and made a prepared for removing the carbon black. A new method had been proposed after reading lots of documents carbon black: use of microporous ceramic tube instead of the traditional fiber filter, developed a new kind of dry microporous filtration dust catcher to remove the carbon black.
The microporous ceramic tube has good chemical and thermal stability ,high mechanical strength and rigidity, it’s shape and aperture variant is not easy to change and the pore distribution is uniform it has long service life, regeneration, easy maintenance and low-cost operation. it can substitute for cotton, silk, fabrics, plastics, metals net filter and low prices . Microporous ceramic these excellent performance make it in the chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, machinery, petroleum refining, textiles, medicine, food, wine, thermal power, electroplating, the nuclear industry are wide used in industries such as proliferation, absorption, and mixed flow pattern , filtering operation. Also can be used as catalyst support. In the field of environmental protection, it is even more porous ceramic show in the governance of the "three wastes" and the unique features of value.
Through studying the dry-type microporous filtration dust catcher and understand the fundamental nature. Through the entrance of dust in different concentration and the filtration rate of the state of equipment to test the air flow, purge-time specific mode of operation have been adjusted so that the entire equipment working methods more reasonable. And done a more in-depth study about back blowing, particle size distribution, issues such as efficiency grading and discussion. At the same time the pressure on the equipment itself, such as loss of work done a preliminary check and measurement,for reference.
引文
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