基于GPS/GSM短消息的车载定位系统的设计与模拟实现
摘要
由于我国市场经济的迅速发展,现在城市车辆增长速度远远大于城市道路建设速度,给交通管理带来很多问题,城市道路拥挤不堪,交通事故频频不断,车辆盗窃抢劫案件也时有发生。因此如何利用现有技术来解决车辆的监控问题具有重要的现实意义。
基于GPS/GSM的车辆监控系统提供了一个很好的解决方案,它利用车载端的GPS模块对车辆定位,通过控制模块处理后由GSM模块把定位信息发送到监控中心,监控中心结合GIS系统对位置信息进行分析并对车载终端发出相应的控制命令。
论文首先概述了车载监控系统的发展现状,并介绍了车载监控系统中关键技术的原理,其中对GPS系统的组成、信号构成、定位原理和定位误差进行了分析,并对车载定位系统的各种无线通信网络进行分析比较,确定以GSM的短消息业务作为本系统的通信方式。然后论文对GSM通信的相关技术进行了详细介绍,并从实践的角度论述了车载定位终端的设计方案。在介绍车载定位终端的模块组成基础上,对GPS模块、GSM模块和ARM主控模块进行了分析,通过程序实现了车载终端的基本功能。最后,论文利用VC6.0开发工具实现了模拟的监控中心。
调试结果显示,车载终端能将接收到的GPS定位信息通过短消息的形式发送给监控中心,并能接收到来自监控中心发回的控制信息。车载端和监控中心能进行数据传输,并能对车载端发送过来的定位信息进行解析,提取了经纬度、时间、速度、航向等有效信息后转发给车载端。实现了车载端与监控中心的双向通信。
With the rapid development of market economy, many problems in the traffic management, such as the heavy traffic, ever increasing accidents and car robbery, have emerged due to the fact that the growth rate of private cars in the cities is faster than that of the road construction. Thus, it is significant that how to utilize the technologies existed to solve the above problems.
A good resolution is offered to settle the problems mentioned above based on GPS/GSM vehicle monitoring system. In this system, the vehicle location is accomplished by the GPS module carried by the vehicle, before the information of the location is sent to the monitor centre by the GSM module, it is needed to be preprocessed by the control module, the monitoring centre, along with the GIS system, sends the control commands to the vehicle terminal after the analysis of the location information.
Firstly, the developments of vehicle monitoring system and the principles of the system are presented, including the composition of GPS system, the structure of the signals, the principle of positioning and the location error. By the comparison among several wireless communication protocols in the vehicle location system, GSM message service is selected to serve as the ultimate solution to communication. Secondly, particular intention is paid on the technologies relevant to GSM communication. Design of the vehicle terminal is discussed from the practical point of view. Based on the analysis of the GPS module, GSM module and ARM main control module, the basic functions of the vehicle terminal are realized by using the programs compiled. Finally, a simulative monitoring centre is completed utilizing VC6.0.
Debugging results show that the vehicle terminal can transmit the location information from the GPS module to the monitoring center in the form of message, and can receive the control commands from the monitoring centre. The simulated monitoring centre takes in charge of the analysis of the location information sent from the vehicle terminal and sending the effective information, such as longitude and latitude, time, speed, course, etc., back to the vehicle. Thus, duplex communication between vehicle and monitoring centre is accomplished.
基于GPS/GSM的车辆监控系统提供了一个很好的解决方案,它利用车载端的GPS模块对车辆定位,通过控制模块处理后由GSM模块把定位信息发送到监控中心,监控中心结合GIS系统对位置信息进行分析并对车载终端发出相应的控制命令。
论文首先概述了车载监控系统的发展现状,并介绍了车载监控系统中关键技术的原理,其中对GPS系统的组成、信号构成、定位原理和定位误差进行了分析,并对车载定位系统的各种无线通信网络进行分析比较,确定以GSM的短消息业务作为本系统的通信方式。然后论文对GSM通信的相关技术进行了详细介绍,并从实践的角度论述了车载定位终端的设计方案。在介绍车载定位终端的模块组成基础上,对GPS模块、GSM模块和ARM主控模块进行了分析,通过程序实现了车载终端的基本功能。最后,论文利用VC6.0开发工具实现了模拟的监控中心。
调试结果显示,车载终端能将接收到的GPS定位信息通过短消息的形式发送给监控中心,并能接收到来自监控中心发回的控制信息。车载端和监控中心能进行数据传输,并能对车载端发送过来的定位信息进行解析,提取了经纬度、时间、速度、航向等有效信息后转发给车载端。实现了车载端与监控中心的双向通信。
With the rapid development of market economy, many problems in the traffic management, such as the heavy traffic, ever increasing accidents and car robbery, have emerged due to the fact that the growth rate of private cars in the cities is faster than that of the road construction. Thus, it is significant that how to utilize the technologies existed to solve the above problems.
A good resolution is offered to settle the problems mentioned above based on GPS/GSM vehicle monitoring system. In this system, the vehicle location is accomplished by the GPS module carried by the vehicle, before the information of the location is sent to the monitor centre by the GSM module, it is needed to be preprocessed by the control module, the monitoring centre, along with the GIS system, sends the control commands to the vehicle terminal after the analysis of the location information.
Firstly, the developments of vehicle monitoring system and the principles of the system are presented, including the composition of GPS system, the structure of the signals, the principle of positioning and the location error. By the comparison among several wireless communication protocols in the vehicle location system, GSM message service is selected to serve as the ultimate solution to communication. Secondly, particular intention is paid on the technologies relevant to GSM communication. Design of the vehicle terminal is discussed from the practical point of view. Based on the analysis of the GPS module, GSM module and ARM main control module, the basic functions of the vehicle terminal are realized by using the programs compiled. Finally, a simulative monitoring centre is completed utilizing VC6.0.
Debugging results show that the vehicle terminal can transmit the location information from the GPS module to the monitoring center in the form of message, and can receive the control commands from the monitoring centre. The simulated monitoring centre takes in charge of the analysis of the location information sent from the vehicle terminal and sending the effective information, such as longitude and latitude, time, speed, course, etc., back to the vehicle. Thus, duplex communication between vehicle and monitoring centre is accomplished.
引文
[1]范平志,邓平,刘林.蜂窝网无线定位.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.12
[2]G.Loganathan.GPS and GIS Technology Trends.IEEE,2002:292-294
[3]Hassan A.Karimi,Prashant Krishnamurthy.Real-Time Routing in Mobile Networks Using GPS and GIS Techniques.IEEE,2001:1-11
[4]赵亦林.车辆定位与导航系统.北京:电子工业出版社,1999.3
[5]胡友健 等.全球定位系统(GPS)原理与应用.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2003.7
[6]刘大杰,施一民,过静君等.全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理.上海:同济大学出版社,2001.7
[7]曹冲.我国GPS车辆应用系统的产业化前景分析和市场展望.卫星与网络,2004.9
[8]张海,范耀祖.无线通信技术在ITS中的应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2006,5
[9]张红,龚晓峰.GIS和GPS在交通中的应用,微型电脑应用,2001(4):23-54
[10]陆化普.智能运输系统[M].北京:人们交通出版社,2002.1
[11]Corbett.M,McCarnbridge.P.Transient Suppression in the Automotive Enviroment.Automotive Electronic Design,1991.10:2-4
[12]Ma Chao & Lin Ming.GPS-GSM Mobile Navigator.Circuit Cellar,2003:1-6
[13]http://www.gpsworld.com/GPS modernization,modern GPS receivers,GPS new application.
[14]Michel Mouly,Marie-Bernadette Pauret.GSM数字移动通信系统.北京:电子工业出版社,1996.6
[15]孙儒石.GSM数字移动通信工程.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.5
[16]Xavier Lagrange,Phihppe Godlewski,Sami Tabbane著,顾肇基译.GSM网络与GPRS.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.10
[17]鲍远律,刘振安.卫星定位、交通监控与数字地图.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.8
[18]富立,范耀祖.车辆定位导航系统.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004.11
[19]李天文.GPS原理及应用.北京:科学出版社,2004.5
[20]MAX3232 MULTICHANNEL RS232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER.Texas INSTRUMENTS
[21]Siemens.TC35/TC37 Hardware Interface Description.2001,V03.10:16-32
[22]GR-87 Datasheet.http://www.holux.com.tw/Temp%20web/GR-87.html.
[23]http://www.magellangps.com/Manufacturer of handheld and portable GPS systems.
[24]http://www.garmin.com/Designs manufactures and markets GPS navigation.
[25]马忠梅,李善平.ARM&Linux嵌入式教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.9
[26]SAMSUNG 公司.S3C44B0.pdf
[27]胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.7
[28]李岩,荣盘祥.基于S3C44BOX嵌入式uCLinux系统原理及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.9
[29]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.12
[30]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实战.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.10
[31]魏忠等.嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.7
[32]G.Derekenaris,J.Garofalakis,C.Makris.An Information System for the Effective Management of Ambulances.IEEE,2000
[33]SIEMENS.Developer's Guide:SMS with the SMS PDU-mode.1997
[34]Rochwell Inc.Zodiac Serial Data Interface.GPS,April,1998:1-200
[35]TC35i Datasheet.www.siemens.com/wm.
[36]Wavecom Corporation.AT Commands Interface,V8.6.2000:97-127
[37]SIEMENS Mobile.AT Command Set Siemens Cellular Engines.pdf
[38]An introduction to the SMS in PDU mode GSM Recommendation(phase2).Wavecom Ltd,V1.00,January 2000
[39]Richard C.Leinecker,Tom Archer.Visual C++6.0 Bible.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[40]David J.Kruglinski.Programing Visual C++6.0.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[41]龚建伟,熊光明.Visual C++/Turbo C串口通信编程实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.10
[42]李长林,高洁.Visual C++串口通信技术与典型实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.2
[43]曹衍龙,刘海英.Visual C++网络通信编程实用案例精选.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.11
[44]谭思亮,邹超群.Visual C++串口通信工程开发实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.4
[45]D.Friel,L.Kilmartin.An Automated Stock Price Delivery System Based on the GSM Short Message Service.IEEE International Conference on Communications.1998,3(6):1591-1595
[46]G.Peersman,P.Griffiths,H.Spear,S.Cvetkovic,C.Smythe.A Tutorial Overview of the Short Message Service within GSM.Computing and Control Engineering Journal.2000,11(2):79-89
[47]肖宏伟.Visual C++开发答疑.北京:人们邮电出版社,2003.6
[48]D.Brady.Designing SMS Applications for Public Transport Service System in Singapore.The 4th International Conference/Exhibition on High Performance Computing in the Asia-Pacific Region.2000,1(5):423-431
[49]童瑞华,李军,陈宏盛.一种基于GPS与GIS集成的车辆追踪系统解决方案[J].计算机工程与科学,2002,24(1):29-32
[50]G.Peersman,S.Cvetkovic,P.Griffiths,H.Spear.The Global System for Mobile Communications Short Message Service.Personal Communications,IEEE.2000,7(3):15-23
[2]G.Loganathan.GPS and GIS Technology Trends.IEEE,2002:292-294
[3]Hassan A.Karimi,Prashant Krishnamurthy.Real-Time Routing in Mobile Networks Using GPS and GIS Techniques.IEEE,2001:1-11
[4]赵亦林.车辆定位与导航系统.北京:电子工业出版社,1999.3
[5]胡友健 等.全球定位系统(GPS)原理与应用.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2003.7
[6]刘大杰,施一民,过静君等.全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理.上海:同济大学出版社,2001.7
[7]曹冲.我国GPS车辆应用系统的产业化前景分析和市场展望.卫星与网络,2004.9
[8]张海,范耀祖.无线通信技术在ITS中的应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2006,5
[9]张红,龚晓峰.GIS和GPS在交通中的应用,微型电脑应用,2001(4):23-54
[10]陆化普.智能运输系统[M].北京:人们交通出版社,2002.1
[11]Corbett.M,McCarnbridge.P.Transient Suppression in the Automotive Enviroment.Automotive Electronic Design,1991.10:2-4
[12]Ma Chao & Lin Ming.GPS-GSM Mobile Navigator.Circuit Cellar,2003:1-6
[13]http://www.gpsworld.com/GPS modernization,modern GPS receivers,GPS new application.
[14]Michel Mouly,Marie-Bernadette Pauret.GSM数字移动通信系统.北京:电子工业出版社,1996.6
[15]孙儒石.GSM数字移动通信工程.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.5
[16]Xavier Lagrange,Phihppe Godlewski,Sami Tabbane著,顾肇基译.GSM网络与GPRS.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.10
[17]鲍远律,刘振安.卫星定位、交通监控与数字地图.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.8
[18]富立,范耀祖.车辆定位导航系统.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004.11
[19]李天文.GPS原理及应用.北京:科学出版社,2004.5
[20]MAX3232 MULTICHANNEL RS232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVER.Texas INSTRUMENTS
[21]Siemens.TC35/TC37 Hardware Interface Description.2001,V03.10:16-32
[22]GR-87 Datasheet.http://www.holux.com.tw/Temp%20web/GR-87.html.
[23]http://www.magellangps.com/Manufacturer of handheld and portable GPS systems.
[24]http://www.garmin.com/Designs manufactures and markets GPS navigation.
[25]马忠梅,李善平.ARM&Linux嵌入式教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.9
[26]SAMSUNG 公司.S3C44B0.pdf
[27]胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.7
[28]李岩,荣盘祥.基于S3C44BOX嵌入式uCLinux系统原理及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.9
[29]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.12
[30]周立功.ARM微控制器基础与实战.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.10
[31]魏忠等.嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.7
[32]G.Derekenaris,J.Garofalakis,C.Makris.An Information System for the Effective Management of Ambulances.IEEE,2000
[33]SIEMENS.Developer's Guide:SMS with the SMS PDU-mode.1997
[34]Rochwell Inc.Zodiac Serial Data Interface.GPS,April,1998:1-200
[35]TC35i Datasheet.www.siemens.com/wm.
[36]Wavecom Corporation.AT Commands Interface,V8.6.2000:97-127
[37]SIEMENS Mobile.AT Command Set Siemens Cellular Engines.pdf
[38]An introduction to the SMS in PDU mode GSM Recommendation(phase2).Wavecom Ltd,V1.00,January 2000
[39]Richard C.Leinecker,Tom Archer.Visual C++6.0 Bible.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[40]David J.Kruglinski.Programing Visual C++6.0.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[41]龚建伟,熊光明.Visual C++/Turbo C串口通信编程实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.10
[42]李长林,高洁.Visual C++串口通信技术与典型实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.2
[43]曹衍龙,刘海英.Visual C++网络通信编程实用案例精选.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.11
[44]谭思亮,邹超群.Visual C++串口通信工程开发实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.4
[45]D.Friel,L.Kilmartin.An Automated Stock Price Delivery System Based on the GSM Short Message Service.IEEE International Conference on Communications.1998,3(6):1591-1595
[46]G.Peersman,P.Griffiths,H.Spear,S.Cvetkovic,C.Smythe.A Tutorial Overview of the Short Message Service within GSM.Computing and Control Engineering Journal.2000,11(2):79-89
[47]肖宏伟.Visual C++开发答疑.北京:人们邮电出版社,2003.6
[48]D.Brady.Designing SMS Applications for Public Transport Service System in Singapore.The 4th International Conference/Exhibition on High Performance Computing in the Asia-Pacific Region.2000,1(5):423-431
[49]童瑞华,李军,陈宏盛.一种基于GPS与GIS集成的车辆追踪系统解决方案[J].计算机工程与科学,2002,24(1):29-32
[50]G.Peersman,S.Cvetkovic,P.Griffiths,H.Spear.The Global System for Mobile Communications Short Message Service.Personal Communications,IEEE.2000,7(3):15-23