新疆地区护理本科生专业认知的调查与研究
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摘要
目的:了解和分析新疆地区护理专业全日制本科生专业认知现状,为改善护生专业认知提供依据。方法:采取横断面调查的方法,调查新疆医科大学护理学院、石河子大学护理学院2005-2008级全日制护理本科生共720名。用自行设计的护理本科生专业认知调查问卷调查这部分人群的专业认知现状。结果:(1)护生报考护理专业时对本专业了解情况较差,较多了解的占2.92%,非常了解的仅0.83%,不同民族间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);选择护理专业的原因:因为容易择业的占49.17%,喜欢护理专业仅9.17%;选择护理专业志愿情况:第一志愿为48.89%,调剂志愿占22.50%。(2)对护理专业一般知识的了解:认为住院患者和残疾人是护理对象的分别占98.88%和80.00% ,有31.53%的不认为健康人属于护理服务的对象;对于护士的角色:认为是管理者和病人利益维护者的分别为55.42%和65.28%。(3)专业态度和职业信念方面:入学前有人34.86%喜欢护理专业, 65.14%持否定态度,经过一段时间学习后,有53.19%喜欢护理专业,持否定态度的减少到46.81%,不同民族间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);新疆地区护生的专业态度和职业信念一般,不同学校不同年级间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)实习前后护生的专业认知存在差异(P<0.05)。结论:新疆地区本科护生的专业认知处于一般水平,民汉之间存在差异,民族护生的专业认知优于汉族护生,专业态度低于汉族护生;新疆地区职业信念高于相关调查,不同年级间职业信念存在差别,一年级职业信念最高。应该加强对护生护理专业相关知识和专业思想的教育。
Objective: To find out and analyze the specialty reconition among undergraduate nuring student in xinjiang and offer foundation for improving nuring specialty. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was adopted , using self-designed questionnaire to investigate specialty reconition among undergraduate nuring student in xinjiang region.Results: (1)Nursing students known a little about when they register nursing specialty, such as many understandings account for 2.92%, understands only 0.83%. Different regions groups has statistics significance (p<0.05). Choose nursing specialized reason: easy to choose profession accounts for 49.17%, likes nursing specialized only 9.17%.Be wish to Chooose nursing specialized: The first wish is 48.89%, fills a prescription the wish to account for 22.50%. (2) About the generally knowledge of nursing: Thought that the patient and the disabled person are the object of the nursers account for 98.88% and 80.00%, respectively. Think that the healthy persons not belongs to the nurse service object account for 31.53%.About the nurse's role: Thought that is the superintendent and patient benefit vindicator's is 55.42% and 65.28%,respectively. (3) Specialized manner and professional faith aspect: Before the matriculation, 34.86%of the students like nursing the specialty, 65.14% hold the denial manner, after undergoing a period of time study, 53.19% like the specialty, holds the denial manner reduction to 46.81%, meanwhile different regions groups has statistics significance (p<0.05).The Disposition specialized manner and the professional faith is ordinary in Xinjiang,the different schools and the different classes has statistics significance (p<0.05). (4)Practises or not affect the specialized cognition and has statistics significance (p<0.05) Xinjiang area. Conclusion: The undergraduate nursing student’s specialized cognition to be in the general level and has statistics significance between han and others.The others specialized cognition to surpass the Han, but the specialized manner is lower.The undergraduate nursing student of Xinjiang is higher than the related investigation on professional faith, different classes have statistics significance on professional faith meanwhile the class one is highest. So we should to strengthen the nursing specialized related knowledge and the specialized thought education.
Objective: To find out and analyze the specialty reconition among undergraduate nuring student in xinjiang and offer foundation for improving nuring specialty. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was adopted , using self-designed questionnaire to investigate specialty reconition among undergraduate nuring student in xinjiang region.Results: (1)Nursing students known a little about when they register nursing specialty, such as many understandings account for 2.92%, understands only 0.83%. Different regions groups has statistics significance (p<0.05). Choose nursing specialized reason: easy to choose profession accounts for 49.17%, likes nursing specialized only 9.17%.Be wish to Chooose nursing specialized: The first wish is 48.89%, fills a prescription the wish to account for 22.50%. (2) About the generally knowledge of nursing: Thought that the patient and the disabled person are the object of the nursers account for 98.88% and 80.00%, respectively. Think that the healthy persons not belongs to the nurse service object account for 31.53%.About the nurse's role: Thought that is the superintendent and patient benefit vindicator's is 55.42% and 65.28%,respectively. (3) Specialized manner and professional faith aspect: Before the matriculation, 34.86%of the students like nursing the specialty, 65.14% hold the denial manner, after undergoing a period of time study, 53.19% like the specialty, holds the denial manner reduction to 46.81%, meanwhile different regions groups has statistics significance (p<0.05).The Disposition specialized manner and the professional faith is ordinary in Xinjiang,the different schools and the different classes has statistics significance (p<0.05). (4)Practises or not affect the specialized cognition and has statistics significance (p<0.05) Xinjiang area. Conclusion: The undergraduate nursing student’s specialized cognition to be in the general level and has statistics significance between han and others.The others specialized cognition to surpass the Han, but the specialized manner is lower.The undergraduate nursing student of Xinjiang is higher than the related investigation on professional faith, different classes have statistics significance on professional faith meanwhile the class one is highest. So we should to strengthen the nursing specialized related knowledge and the specialized thought education.
引文
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[3]张晓英,潘佩珍,冯择霞.护理本科生专业思想水平及其影响因素的调查研究.现代临床护理,2006,5(4):60.
[4]方花,简福爱护理本科男生对专业认知的调查及对策[J],现代临床护理, 2007,6(2):47~50.
[5]吴雅文.对护理情感教育与护士职业态度问题的思考.中华护理杂志, 1999, 34(5):297.
[6]李红赞.高等护理教育中加强专业思想教育的探讨[J].白求恩军医学院学报, 2005, 3(1): 56-57.
[7]王芳洁,田迎春,葛彦余,丁婷婷,张秀萍,周欢.新生及其父母和亲朋好友对本科护理专业认知状况的调查研究[J],护理研究,2008,5(22):1331-1332.
[8]廖承红,男护生对护理专业认知调查与培养对策[J],当代护士2005年第7期学术版86-87 .
[9]周瑾,潘传德.专科护理生实习前后对护理职业认知变化的调查分析[J]中国高等医学教育2007,12:58,61.
[10]罗萍,孙玉梅,张进瑜,官锐园,郭记敏,李湘萍.护理本科生对护理专业认知的调查与分析,中国护理管理2005,3(5):35~37.
[11]姜小鹰,张旋,胡蓉芳.不同学历护生对专业认知和情感态度的分析[J],中国高等医学教育,2007,4:8,9,71.
[12] Leners D.W. Tracking the development of professional values in undergraduate nursing student [J]. Journal of Nursing Education, 2006, 45(12): 504-511.
[13]马翠萍.军校护生专业思想状况调查分析[J].护理学杂志.
[14]陈秀文.如何克服护生临床实践的心理压力及紧张感[J].吉林医学,2004,25(3): 40-41.
[15]李丽,魏绪芹.影响护生实习质量的不良因素及对策[J].吉林医学(护理版), 2004, 25(7):80-81.
[16]沈之菲,新课程背景下上海市中小学教师职业角色认同的研究.研究生论文:36.
[17]计惠民,马秋麟.德国护理工作见闻,中华护理杂志,1999,34(9):576.
[18]林雁娟.赴日研修心得体会实用护理杂志,2001,17(10):59.
[19]戴叶花,于小华等.男女护生择业观念调查的比较.中华现代护理学杂志,2006, 3(11):980.
[20]王策.男护理部主任在护理管理中的优势与劣势[J].护理管理学杂志, 2002, 2(4):
[21]刘少鹏,罗满,张艳芬.不同民族本科护生评判性思维能力的对比研究[J].护理学2010,17(21)1-4.
[22]黄白桦,肖春秀.护理大专本科生职业态度调查分析[J].护理研究,2003,18(9):662.
[23]胡忠华,四川省护理本科生专业认同调查分析研究生论文:34.
[24] David AB. Gavin. J A. Justin. PA. et a.l Perception of nursing: confir- mation, change and the student experience [J]. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 2004, 41(7): 66-68.
[25] Hilary Ha-Ping Yung. The, Relationship between Role Conception and Ethical Behavior of Studentnurses in Hong Kong [J]. Nursing,Ethics, 1997, (4): 99-112.
[26]安芹,贾晓明.高校心理咨询员专业认同的初步研究.中国临床心理学杂志2006,14(2):203.
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