基于CTP流程的调频加网印品质量控制方法探讨
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摘要
CTP技术的成熟与推广,使得技术人员能精确的控制印前的生产,这为调频加网的应用提供了新的空间。所以有必要研究在新的数字化流程中的调频加网印品的质量控制方法,推动调频加网在实际生产中的应用。
本文确定了CTP调频加网输出工艺中主要的质量控制参数,并分析了调频印品的特点,最后提出了建立印品质量模糊综合评判数学模型的方法。首先,利用CTP对独立设计的测试样张进行输出得到印版,经机械打样获得测试印张。然后,对该印张进行研究确定实地密度、相对反差、灰平衡、网点扩大以及叠印率等为主要质量控制参数,并对其进行分析。最后基于上述质量控制参数的分析结果,以我国印刷行业推荐标准为依据,运用层次分析法确定权值,以影响印张质量的主要控制参数为评判因素,对该印张进行模糊综合评价,实现对印品质量的定量评价,得到本次实验样张隶属于评语集为一般印刷品的结论。
本文提出的一些调频加网质量控制方法,总结的一些工艺特点可以作为调频加网应用于实践的参考,建立印品质量模糊综合评判数学模型的方法,能够为印刷质量的综合评价提供一个新的思路。
In recent years, CTP equipment is accepted by many printing company, this add for FM screening the new opportunity. So we have the necessary to research the method of controlling the characteristics of the printed sheets by FM in the new digitized printing process. And hope that the research can help to develop the using of FM screening.
This article establishes the major quality control parameters in CTP FM screening, analyzes the characteristics of the printed sheets by FM, and finally proposes the method to establish a mathematical model to evaluate the print quality in a fuzzy comprehensive way. Firstly, CTP will be used to process the independently-designed proofs and get the plates, further to get the final printed sheet through machine proofing. Secondly, researches are done here to establish solid densiy, relative contrast, grey balance, dot gain, double print percentage and some other factors as the major quality control parameters and relative analyses are conducted thereafter. Finally, based on the results gained beforehand, and the recommended standard in our print industry as well, weights are then determined using AHP, and the major control parameters affecting the print quality are selected as evaluation factors, thus the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the printed sheets is conducted and the measurable assessment of the print quality is realized. The conclusion that the proof belongs to common prints is gotten.
Topic objective is that FM screening control methods which are proposed and technological features which are aggregated could become the reference which is applied in practice, and the method by which print quality fuzzy comprehensive evaluation's mathematical model is established could provide a new thinking for the comprehensive evaluation of print quality.
本文确定了CTP调频加网输出工艺中主要的质量控制参数,并分析了调频印品的特点,最后提出了建立印品质量模糊综合评判数学模型的方法。首先,利用CTP对独立设计的测试样张进行输出得到印版,经机械打样获得测试印张。然后,对该印张进行研究确定实地密度、相对反差、灰平衡、网点扩大以及叠印率等为主要质量控制参数,并对其进行分析。最后基于上述质量控制参数的分析结果,以我国印刷行业推荐标准为依据,运用层次分析法确定权值,以影响印张质量的主要控制参数为评判因素,对该印张进行模糊综合评价,实现对印品质量的定量评价,得到本次实验样张隶属于评语集为一般印刷品的结论。
本文提出的一些调频加网质量控制方法,总结的一些工艺特点可以作为调频加网应用于实践的参考,建立印品质量模糊综合评判数学模型的方法,能够为印刷质量的综合评价提供一个新的思路。
In recent years, CTP equipment is accepted by many printing company, this add for FM screening the new opportunity. So we have the necessary to research the method of controlling the characteristics of the printed sheets by FM in the new digitized printing process. And hope that the research can help to develop the using of FM screening.
This article establishes the major quality control parameters in CTP FM screening, analyzes the characteristics of the printed sheets by FM, and finally proposes the method to establish a mathematical model to evaluate the print quality in a fuzzy comprehensive way. Firstly, CTP will be used to process the independently-designed proofs and get the plates, further to get the final printed sheet through machine proofing. Secondly, researches are done here to establish solid densiy, relative contrast, grey balance, dot gain, double print percentage and some other factors as the major quality control parameters and relative analyses are conducted thereafter. Finally, based on the results gained beforehand, and the recommended standard in our print industry as well, weights are then determined using AHP, and the major control parameters affecting the print quality are selected as evaluation factors, thus the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the printed sheets is conducted and the measurable assessment of the print quality is realized. The conclusion that the proof belongs to common prints is gotten.
Topic objective is that FM screening control methods which are proposed and technological features which are aggregated could become the reference which is applied in practice, and the method by which print quality fuzzy comprehensive evaluation's mathematical model is established could provide a new thinking for the comprehensive evaluation of print quality.
引文
[1]杨静.调频网点及其应用[J].印刷信息,1995,(2):26-28.
[2]吴(學攴)政.调频网点的印刷适性[J].测绘信息与工程,1997,(3):30-33.
[3]韩玄武.调频加网工艺原理和应用探讨[J].印刷信息,1996,(10):10-14.
[4]刘宁俊.加网技术及其发展(一)[J].印刷世界,1999,(4):13-15.
[5]刘宁俊.加网技术及其发展(二.续完)[J].印刷世界,1999,(5):7-8.
[6]任云.浅谈数字加网技术[J].今日印刷,2004,(12):44-47.
[7]顾桓.彩色数字印前技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2000:1-35.
[8]胡更生.调频加网中的网点扩大分析[J].今日印刷,1997,(4):34-39.
[9]Yuri V.Kuznetsov.Adaptive Methods for the Halftone Improvement in Conventional Screening Techniques.Taga Proceedings,2001:282-303.
[10]Nobuaki Usui.Automatic Design of Halftone Dots.Taga Proceedings,2002:160-173.
[11]Rudi Bartecs,Dirk Vansteen Kiste.Stable Hybrid Screening with Enhanced Dot Growth Control in Highlights and Shadows.Taga Proceedings,2002:147-159.
[12]黄灵阁,段华伟.数字加网新技术的研究进展[J].包装工程,2004,(5):24-26.
[13]宣柱香.国外调频加网发展历史概要[J].印刷杂志,1998,(4):51.
[14]Victor Ostromonukliov.PSEUDO-RANDOM HALFTONE SCREENING FOR COLOR AND BLACK&WHITE PRINTING.the 9~# Intemational Congress in Non-Impact Printing Technologies/Japan Hardcopy' 93,October 4-8,1993,Yokohama,Japan Proceedings,1993:579-582.
[15]Robert Y.Chung,Li-Yi Ma.ANALYSES OF FREQUENCY MODULATED SCREENING ON NEWSPRINT.1997 TAGA Conference May 4-7,1997,Quebec city,Canada,1-11.
[16]Qing Yu,Kevin J.Parker.Stochastic Screen Halftoning for Electronic Imaging Devices.CiteSeer:http://citeseer.nj.nee.com199927.html.
[17]邝广敏,陈新.调频加网技术分析与研究[J].包装工程,2002,(23):12-14.
[18]苏永宪.调频加网中的随机问题[J].测绘学院学报,2001,18(3):226-228.
[19]徐锦林,陆新民,周世生,曹从军.乘同余法伪随机分布调频加网方法研究[J].西安理工大学学报,1999,15(1):116-120.
[20]徐燕.PostScript文件管理器及调频加网的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2001:8-10.
[21]徐锦林,徐敏.调频加网视觉噪声检测与降噪方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4):260-264.
[22]谢德红.基于打印机和视觉模型的蓝-绿噪声抖动加网算法的研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:37-53
[23]段华伟.基于可变信息印刷数字化加网技术的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004:11-39.
[24]王选.调频加网与高保真彩色印刷[J].今日印刷,1995,(4):35
[25]吕新广.计算机直接制版(CTP)技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004,(5):14-16.
[26]S.Mahovic,L.Mandic,D.Agic,M.Gojo.Influnce of the Print Run on the Surface Characteristics of the Silver Halide Digital Printing Plates[R].AGX2004:The International Symposium on Silver Halide Technology.Ventura,California,2004:142-146.
[27]郑元林,周世生.计算机直接制版工作流程设计[J].印刷世界,2001,(6):8-10.
[28]王小方,王强.CTP技术及其流程控制[J].广东印刷,2004,(6):20-21.
[29]胡涛,郭宗岭,张志刚.CTP工作流程[J].广东印刷,2005,(1):21-22.
[30]季永琴.CTP及其系统的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:27-73.
[31]杨操.基于CTP制版的调频加网工艺的研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:1-21.
[32]李育喜.调频加网制版工艺[D].西安:西安理工大学,2001:1-41.
[33]徐世塇.CTP印版的数字控制方法和测试版[J].印刷质量与标准化,2002,(6):11-14.
[34]刘全香.数字印刷技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2006:93-106.
[35]冯瑞乾.印刷工艺原理及工艺[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1999:211-233.
[36]刘世昌.印刷品质量检测与控制[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2000:56-75.
[37]时波.叙谈印刷质量检测和评价中的几个测试项目[J].印刷杂志,2002,(8):15-17.
[38]吴芳.如何在CTP数字化流程中实施质量控制[J].印刷杂志,2005,(3):38-40.
[39]胡涛,车晓岩.色彩管理中的灰平衡控制[J].印刷杂志,2004,(4):54-55.
[40]胡成发.印刷色彩与色度学[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993:265-271.
[41]李文育,周世生.关于灰平衡数据的计算[J].包装工程,2004,25(1):65-67.
[42]陈永利,刘文霞.灰平衡工艺数据规范的研究与分析[J].包装工程,2004,25(4):26-28.
[43]李云雁,胡传容.实验设计与数据处理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:44-64.
[44]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出,2000:169-249.
[45]荩垆.实用模糊数学[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1989:179-227.
[46]李鸿吉.模糊数学基础及实用算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:309-321.
[47]何自芬,张印辉.纸张印刷适性综合评估体系的建立[J].印刷质量与标准,2004,(2):36-29.
[48]张正修.油墨印刷适性模糊综合评价的研究[J].今日印刷,1999,(5):116-118.
[49]易锦,沈义华,王友坚.印刷品质量的模糊综合评价[J].印刷杂志,2004,(7):14-16.
[50]许谦.确定模糊综合评价因素权重的一个方法[J].大学数学,2005,(1):99-103.
[51]汪学骞.模糊数学在纺织工业中的应用[M].香港:开益出版社,1992:35-51.
[52]肖钰,李华.基于三角模糊数的判断矩阵的改进及其应用[J].模糊系统与数学,2003,17(2):59-64.
[53]郑元林,戚永红,夏为民.印刷色彩测量中光源和视场的选择[J].今日印刷,2004,(10):54-55.
[54]宋兆基,徐流美.MATLAB6.5在科学计算中的应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:349-412.
[2]吴(學攴)政.调频网点的印刷适性[J].测绘信息与工程,1997,(3):30-33.
[3]韩玄武.调频加网工艺原理和应用探讨[J].印刷信息,1996,(10):10-14.
[4]刘宁俊.加网技术及其发展(一)[J].印刷世界,1999,(4):13-15.
[5]刘宁俊.加网技术及其发展(二.续完)[J].印刷世界,1999,(5):7-8.
[6]任云.浅谈数字加网技术[J].今日印刷,2004,(12):44-47.
[7]顾桓.彩色数字印前技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2000:1-35.
[8]胡更生.调频加网中的网点扩大分析[J].今日印刷,1997,(4):34-39.
[9]Yuri V.Kuznetsov.Adaptive Methods for the Halftone Improvement in Conventional Screening Techniques.Taga Proceedings,2001:282-303.
[10]Nobuaki Usui.Automatic Design of Halftone Dots.Taga Proceedings,2002:160-173.
[11]Rudi Bartecs,Dirk Vansteen Kiste.Stable Hybrid Screening with Enhanced Dot Growth Control in Highlights and Shadows.Taga Proceedings,2002:147-159.
[12]黄灵阁,段华伟.数字加网新技术的研究进展[J].包装工程,2004,(5):24-26.
[13]宣柱香.国外调频加网发展历史概要[J].印刷杂志,1998,(4):51.
[14]Victor Ostromonukliov.PSEUDO-RANDOM HALFTONE SCREENING FOR COLOR AND BLACK&WHITE PRINTING.the 9~# Intemational Congress in Non-Impact Printing Technologies/Japan Hardcopy' 93,October 4-8,1993,Yokohama,Japan Proceedings,1993:579-582.
[15]Robert Y.Chung,Li-Yi Ma.ANALYSES OF FREQUENCY MODULATED SCREENING ON NEWSPRINT.1997 TAGA Conference May 4-7,1997,Quebec city,Canada,1-11.
[16]Qing Yu,Kevin J.Parker.Stochastic Screen Halftoning for Electronic Imaging Devices.CiteSeer:http://citeseer.nj.nee.com199927.html.
[17]邝广敏,陈新.调频加网技术分析与研究[J].包装工程,2002,(23):12-14.
[18]苏永宪.调频加网中的随机问题[J].测绘学院学报,2001,18(3):226-228.
[19]徐锦林,陆新民,周世生,曹从军.乘同余法伪随机分布调频加网方法研究[J].西安理工大学学报,1999,15(1):116-120.
[20]徐燕.PostScript文件管理器及调频加网的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2001:8-10.
[21]徐锦林,徐敏.调频加网视觉噪声检测与降噪方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4):260-264.
[22]谢德红.基于打印机和视觉模型的蓝-绿噪声抖动加网算法的研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:37-53
[23]段华伟.基于可变信息印刷数字化加网技术的研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004:11-39.
[24]王选.调频加网与高保真彩色印刷[J].今日印刷,1995,(4):35
[25]吕新广.计算机直接制版(CTP)技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004,(5):14-16.
[26]S.Mahovic,L.Mandic,D.Agic,M.Gojo.Influnce of the Print Run on the Surface Characteristics of the Silver Halide Digital Printing Plates[R].AGX2004:The International Symposium on Silver Halide Technology.Ventura,California,2004:142-146.
[27]郑元林,周世生.计算机直接制版工作流程设计[J].印刷世界,2001,(6):8-10.
[28]王小方,王强.CTP技术及其流程控制[J].广东印刷,2004,(6):20-21.
[29]胡涛,郭宗岭,张志刚.CTP工作流程[J].广东印刷,2005,(1):21-22.
[30]季永琴.CTP及其系统的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:27-73.
[31]杨操.基于CTP制版的调频加网工艺的研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005:1-21.
[32]李育喜.调频加网制版工艺[D].西安:西安理工大学,2001:1-41.
[33]徐世塇.CTP印版的数字控制方法和测试版[J].印刷质量与标准化,2002,(6):11-14.
[34]刘全香.数字印刷技术[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2006:93-106.
[35]冯瑞乾.印刷工艺原理及工艺[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1999:211-233.
[36]刘世昌.印刷品质量检测与控制[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2000:56-75.
[37]时波.叙谈印刷质量检测和评价中的几个测试项目[J].印刷杂志,2002,(8):15-17.
[38]吴芳.如何在CTP数字化流程中实施质量控制[J].印刷杂志,2005,(3):38-40.
[39]胡涛,车晓岩.色彩管理中的灰平衡控制[J].印刷杂志,2004,(4):54-55.
[40]胡成发.印刷色彩与色度学[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1993:265-271.
[41]李文育,周世生.关于灰平衡数据的计算[J].包装工程,2004,25(1):65-67.
[42]陈永利,刘文霞.灰平衡工艺数据规范的研究与分析[J].包装工程,2004,25(4):26-28.
[43]李云雁,胡传容.实验设计与数据处理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:44-64.
[44]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出,2000:169-249.
[45]荩垆.实用模糊数学[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1989:179-227.
[46]李鸿吉.模糊数学基础及实用算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:309-321.
[47]何自芬,张印辉.纸张印刷适性综合评估体系的建立[J].印刷质量与标准,2004,(2):36-29.
[48]张正修.油墨印刷适性模糊综合评价的研究[J].今日印刷,1999,(5):116-118.
[49]易锦,沈义华,王友坚.印刷品质量的模糊综合评价[J].印刷杂志,2004,(7):14-16.
[50]许谦.确定模糊综合评价因素权重的一个方法[J].大学数学,2005,(1):99-103.
[51]汪学骞.模糊数学在纺织工业中的应用[M].香港:开益出版社,1992:35-51.
[52]肖钰,李华.基于三角模糊数的判断矩阵的改进及其应用[J].模糊系统与数学,2003,17(2):59-64.
[53]郑元林,戚永红,夏为民.印刷色彩测量中光源和视场的选择[J].今日印刷,2004,(10):54-55.
[54]宋兆基,徐流美.MATLAB6.5在科学计算中的应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:349-412.