禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155疑似毒力基因的鉴定及分析
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摘要
禽致病性大肠杆菌(avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, APEC)能引起禽类的心包炎、肝周炎、腹膜炎、败血症等,近年来,该病脑膜炎型日益增多,出现神经症状的比例越来越多。APEC血清型多样,其中O血清型176种,K型103种,H型83种,病原菌存在地区及品种差异；加之APEC耐药性严重,难以完全控制或根除,给畜牧业带来严重危害。APEC不仅危害禽体健康,同时影响了产蛋量下降和肉用禽的上市时间,显著增加饲养成本,对养禽业造成的损失不容忽视,对食品安全构成极大威胁。另外APEC也是一种人畜共患病病原体,因此对该病原的研究在养禽业和人类公共卫生上均有重大意义。
针对大肠杆菌的致病机理已经有比较多的研究,但是还有许多致病机理尚不明晰,为了进一步深入了解禽致病性大肠杆菌的致病机理,本试验采用抑制性差减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization, SSH)的方法对禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155菌株和人尿源性大肠杆菌CFT073差异基因序列进行了研究,并通过Southern blot方法进行了筛选,通过测序分析发现了28个可能的新毒力基因片段,并对这些基因在国内外不同致病型大肠杆菌中的分布进行了流行病学调查。然后通过对新的疑似毒力基因的进一步克隆表达分析其免疫原性,为亚单位疫苗的研发提供依据。
为了获得禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155新的毒力基因,采用抑制性差减杂交的方法将禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155和人尿源性大肠杆菌CFT073进行差减分析。首先,提取两株细菌基因组DNA, Rsal酶切回收。酶切的IMT5155(Tester)基因组分别连接两个不同的接头,经过两轮杂交后,PCR扩增IMT5155特有基因序列,扩增产物连接TOPO TA载体转化大肠杆菌。挑取转化克隆,PCR分析其中96个为阳性克隆。这些阳性克隆经Southern blot进一步分析,将96个阳性克隆的PCR产物变性固定于尼龙膜,分别与地高辛标记的CFT073及无毒大肠杆菌MG1655酶切基因组DNA杂交。杂交无条带者即为阳性克隆,结果获得了34个IMT5155特异目的基因片段。然后将获得的基因片段进行测序并上传NCBI,经过比对分析,发现这些片段编码了多种蛋白,如唾液酸酶及唾液酸合成相关蛋白、DNA转移蛋白、EntS/YbdA转运系统相关蛋白、自分泌黏附素、IV型分泌系统相关蛋白、糖基转移酶以及一些未知功能的蛋白等,根据比对结果可知一些蛋白在大肠杆菌的致病过程中起着重要的作用。这一发现将有助于开展禽致病性大肠杆菌新的毒力基因的致病机理研究。
通过对所获得的28个疑似毒力基因的分析,选择了自分泌黏附素、唾液酸酶及唾液酸合成相关蛋白、DNA转移蛋白、EntS/YbdA转运系统相关蛋白和糖基转移酶等12个具有代表性的疑似毒力基因片段设计引物,采用PCR和Dot blot方法检测这些疑似毒力片段在222株不同来源大肠杆菌中的分布。结果表明,SSH筛选到的疑似毒力基因在禽致病性大肠杆菌中广泛分布,在猪源大肠杆菌中极少分布。值得注意的是疑似毒力基因片段D1、E9和F11在新生儿脑膜炎大肠杆菌中分布率较高,暗示这些基因在新生儿脑膜炎的致病过程中可能存在相关性。B11片段在APEC中分布率较高,为进一步研究该片段所在的基因功能提供了线索。
根据NCBI BLAST比对及F11片段的测序结果,分析F11片段所在的ORF编码的氨基酸特性,去除跨膜区,设计表达引物,将F11片段克隆连接至表达载体pET-28a(+)中,重组质粒通过PCR鉴定和测序正确后,将重组质粒转化进表达宿主菌BL21(DE3)中,在37℃1.0mMIPTG诱导下该片段获得良好表达,进一步通过SDS-PAGE分析表明融合蛋白位于茵体超声裂解后的包涵体中。Western blot分析显示,该表达蛋白能与IMT5155全菌制备的兔抗血清发生特异性反应,表明其具有一定的免疫反应性,有可能对动物具有保护性。
Avian colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) manifested as pericarditis, parahepatitis, peritonitis, septicemia and so on, meningitis are continuously increasing in present. For the various serotypes of APEC,176O antigens,103K antigens,83H antigens, and antibotic resistance of bacteria, the difference of areas and species, it is difficult to eradicated for animal husbandry to serious harm, and is also a zoonotic pathogens.
The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis are not completely understood. To identify putative new virulence genes of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed between an APEC strain IMT5155and the human uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain CFT073which was proved non-pathogenic to chicken. The tester (IMT5155) and driver (CFT073) genomic DNAs were digested with RsaI. The tester DNA was then subdivided into two portions, each of which was ligated with a different adaptor provided. Two hybridizations were performed. The, entire population of molecules was then subjected to PCR to amplify the tester-specific sequences. The PCR amplification product was cloned into TOPO TA vetor and transformed into E. coli TOP10competent cells.96subtractive clones were picked and further analyzed using the Southern blot assay with digoxigenin-labeled genomic DNA of the strain CFT073and the non-pathogenic E. coli strain K-12/MG1655.34DNA fragments were negative for the probe of CFT073and MG1655, which were sequenced. These sequence were analysed on NCBI, it indicated that6fragments present in the genome of CFT073and K-12/MG1655. Thereafter,28fragments were found present only in the genome of the APEC strain IMT5155and not in the genomes of the other two strains. These DNA fragments, containing putative virulence genes, encoded different proteins that homology to proteins involved in various aspects of cellular surface structure, molecular synthesis, energy metabolism regulation, immune, transport systems, conjugal transfer protein and others of unknown function.
According to the published genomic sequence in the NCBI,12pairs of PCR primers for IMT5155specific DNA fragments were designed and used for detection of the distribution of these fragments in222E.coli strains from different sources, regions, groups and times. The results showed that these12DNA fragments were widely distributed in different type of E.coli strains, yet were absent among the UPEC CFT073and avirulent strain MG1655. Moreover, fragments D1, E9and F11were more linked to NMEC, which imply that these genes might be virulence factors in the NMEC. However, the prevalences of other fragments such as B11in the APEC were higher than other E. coli.
Putative virulence factor F11was amplified from genomic DNA of APEC IMT5155by polymerase chain rection (PCR), then the amplified fragment was cloned into pMD18T vector for sequence. The resulted plasmid pMD18T-F11was digested with BamHl and Xhol, then the772bp of the F11product was cloned into the expression plasmid vector pET-28a(+) in the proper orientation into the site between BamHI and HindⅢ of pET-28a (+) via restriction endonuclease BamHI and XhoI. The recombinant was transformed into the BL21(DE3) and induced to express by1.0mM IPTG at37℃.The expression product was identified by SDS-PAGE and a band with33kDa as expected was obtained. Western blot revealed that the recombinant protein was reactive with rabbit serum against APEC IMT5155, suggesting that the protein is immunogenic.
针对大肠杆菌的致病机理已经有比较多的研究,但是还有许多致病机理尚不明晰,为了进一步深入了解禽致病性大肠杆菌的致病机理,本试验采用抑制性差减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization, SSH)的方法对禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155菌株和人尿源性大肠杆菌CFT073差异基因序列进行了研究,并通过Southern blot方法进行了筛选,通过测序分析发现了28个可能的新毒力基因片段,并对这些基因在国内外不同致病型大肠杆菌中的分布进行了流行病学调查。然后通过对新的疑似毒力基因的进一步克隆表达分析其免疫原性,为亚单位疫苗的研发提供依据。
为了获得禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155新的毒力基因,采用抑制性差减杂交的方法将禽致病性大肠杆菌IMT5155和人尿源性大肠杆菌CFT073进行差减分析。首先,提取两株细菌基因组DNA, Rsal酶切回收。酶切的IMT5155(Tester)基因组分别连接两个不同的接头,经过两轮杂交后,PCR扩增IMT5155特有基因序列,扩增产物连接TOPO TA载体转化大肠杆菌。挑取转化克隆,PCR分析其中96个为阳性克隆。这些阳性克隆经Southern blot进一步分析,将96个阳性克隆的PCR产物变性固定于尼龙膜,分别与地高辛标记的CFT073及无毒大肠杆菌MG1655酶切基因组DNA杂交。杂交无条带者即为阳性克隆,结果获得了34个IMT5155特异目的基因片段。然后将获得的基因片段进行测序并上传NCBI,经过比对分析,发现这些片段编码了多种蛋白,如唾液酸酶及唾液酸合成相关蛋白、DNA转移蛋白、EntS/YbdA转运系统相关蛋白、自分泌黏附素、IV型分泌系统相关蛋白、糖基转移酶以及一些未知功能的蛋白等,根据比对结果可知一些蛋白在大肠杆菌的致病过程中起着重要的作用。这一发现将有助于开展禽致病性大肠杆菌新的毒力基因的致病机理研究。
通过对所获得的28个疑似毒力基因的分析,选择了自分泌黏附素、唾液酸酶及唾液酸合成相关蛋白、DNA转移蛋白、EntS/YbdA转运系统相关蛋白和糖基转移酶等12个具有代表性的疑似毒力基因片段设计引物,采用PCR和Dot blot方法检测这些疑似毒力片段在222株不同来源大肠杆菌中的分布。结果表明,SSH筛选到的疑似毒力基因在禽致病性大肠杆菌中广泛分布,在猪源大肠杆菌中极少分布。值得注意的是疑似毒力基因片段D1、E9和F11在新生儿脑膜炎大肠杆菌中分布率较高,暗示这些基因在新生儿脑膜炎的致病过程中可能存在相关性。B11片段在APEC中分布率较高,为进一步研究该片段所在的基因功能提供了线索。
根据NCBI BLAST比对及F11片段的测序结果,分析F11片段所在的ORF编码的氨基酸特性,去除跨膜区,设计表达引物,将F11片段克隆连接至表达载体pET-28a(+)中,重组质粒通过PCR鉴定和测序正确后,将重组质粒转化进表达宿主菌BL21(DE3)中,在37℃1.0mMIPTG诱导下该片段获得良好表达,进一步通过SDS-PAGE分析表明融合蛋白位于茵体超声裂解后的包涵体中。Western blot分析显示,该表达蛋白能与IMT5155全菌制备的兔抗血清发生特异性反应,表明其具有一定的免疫反应性,有可能对动物具有保护性。
Avian colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) manifested as pericarditis, parahepatitis, peritonitis, septicemia and so on, meningitis are continuously increasing in present. For the various serotypes of APEC,176O antigens,103K antigens,83H antigens, and antibotic resistance of bacteria, the difference of areas and species, it is difficult to eradicated for animal husbandry to serious harm, and is also a zoonotic pathogens.
The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis are not completely understood. To identify putative new virulence genes of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed between an APEC strain IMT5155and the human uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain CFT073which was proved non-pathogenic to chicken. The tester (IMT5155) and driver (CFT073) genomic DNAs were digested with RsaI. The tester DNA was then subdivided into two portions, each of which was ligated with a different adaptor provided. Two hybridizations were performed. The, entire population of molecules was then subjected to PCR to amplify the tester-specific sequences. The PCR amplification product was cloned into TOPO TA vetor and transformed into E. coli TOP10competent cells.96subtractive clones were picked and further analyzed using the Southern blot assay with digoxigenin-labeled genomic DNA of the strain CFT073and the non-pathogenic E. coli strain K-12/MG1655.34DNA fragments were negative for the probe of CFT073and MG1655, which were sequenced. These sequence were analysed on NCBI, it indicated that6fragments present in the genome of CFT073and K-12/MG1655. Thereafter,28fragments were found present only in the genome of the APEC strain IMT5155and not in the genomes of the other two strains. These DNA fragments, containing putative virulence genes, encoded different proteins that homology to proteins involved in various aspects of cellular surface structure, molecular synthesis, energy metabolism regulation, immune, transport systems, conjugal transfer protein and others of unknown function.
According to the published genomic sequence in the NCBI,12pairs of PCR primers for IMT5155specific DNA fragments were designed and used for detection of the distribution of these fragments in222E.coli strains from different sources, regions, groups and times. The results showed that these12DNA fragments were widely distributed in different type of E.coli strains, yet were absent among the UPEC CFT073and avirulent strain MG1655. Moreover, fragments D1, E9and F11were more linked to NMEC, which imply that these genes might be virulence factors in the NMEC. However, the prevalences of other fragments such as B11in the APEC were higher than other E. coli.
Putative virulence factor F11was amplified from genomic DNA of APEC IMT5155by polymerase chain rection (PCR), then the amplified fragment was cloned into pMD18T vector for sequence. The resulted plasmid pMD18T-F11was digested with BamHl and Xhol, then the772bp of the F11product was cloned into the expression plasmid vector pET-28a(+) in the proper orientation into the site between BamHI and HindⅢ of pET-28a (+) via restriction endonuclease BamHI and XhoI. The recombinant was transformed into the BL21(DE3) and induced to express by1.0mM IPTG at37℃.The expression product was identified by SDS-PAGE and a band with33kDa as expected was obtained. Western blot revealed that the recombinant protein was reactive with rabbit serum against APEC IMT5155, suggesting that the protein is immunogenic.
引文
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