论翻译在外语教学中的作用
摘要
本文调查研究翻译在高中外语教学的作用。讨论翻译对高中外语教学是否有积极影响。翻译和外语教学既相辅相成,又各有其独特的特点。所以了解翻译与外语教学之间的关系无论对于外语教学和翻译教学都有着举足轻重的作用。
本文试图澄清许多人对翻译的一些误解,并理清人们对翻译、翻译教学、教学翻译、外语教学以及之间相互关系的模糊认识,使外语教学能更好地为翻译教学服务,也使翻译能够更好地在外语教学中发挥出积极的作用。本文详细讨论了外语教学与翻译教学的关系,翻译在外语教学中的作用等。并对大田鸿图中学高一年级学生展开实证研究。证明翻译在高中外语教学中是否对学生的英语语言能力有积极影响。
本研究定性与定量结合,包括观察、问卷、个人访谈调查,综合数据与资料的收集与统计等,通过分类、归纳、推理、比较、相关性分析等方法分析得出翻译在学生学习外语的过程中发挥中重要作用;从而证明了翻译对高中外语教学起着积极影响,最终肯定了在农村高中英语教学实践过程中老师应该注意培养学生学习运用翻译技能。有待加强的方面有:1)用现代教学方法替换传统的翻译教学方法;2)运用翻译这一手段检测学习外语的水平;在中考和高考中设立翻译考试:3)开设翻译选修课;4)如何运用翻译这一手段来实施促进外语教学。
The research study attempts to investigate the role of translation in the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools. It intends to discuss whether the teaching of translation has a positive impact on the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools. Translation and foreign language teaching are closely related and facilitate each other, but they have their own characteristics respectively. Therefore, having a thorough understanding of their relationship will give a great impetus not only to foreign language teaching but also to translation teaching.
Besides, the dissertation tries to clear up some misunderstandings of translation, clarifying people's ambiguous points of view to translation, translation teaching, translation employed in teaching and foreign language teaching and their relations so that foreign language teaching can better serve translation teaching and translation can play a more active role in foreign language teaching. The dissertation, in detail, discusses the relationship between foreign language teaching and translation teaching, and the role translation plays in foreign language teaching.
In this research, qualitative study and quantitative study are carried out on rural senior secondary school students in grade one, including observations, questionnaires, individual interview investigations, analysis of teaching materials and aptitude tests, after which the data are analyzed with linguistic statistics knowledge. From the analysis, the status quo of rural Senior One students is learned; the significant difference in the employment of translation between the control group and the experimental group is discovered; language acquisition is also generated and the positive. So the positive correlation between translation and L2 effect of translation in L2 acquisition of rural Senior One students is testified. Therefore, the skills on how to use translation deserve more attention during the teaching activities; and rural senior high school students in grade one also need to actively lean how to make full use of translation during L2 acquisition. By way of conclusion, some suggestions and opinions of translation and the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools are put forward.
1) Replace traditional translation teaching method with modern teaching methods;
2) Use translation to test how well one studies English; and give C-E translation and E-C translation in National High school or College Entrance Examinations;
3) Offer translation as elective course;
4) Integrate translation activities into language teaching in Chinese senior secondary schools.
本文试图澄清许多人对翻译的一些误解,并理清人们对翻译、翻译教学、教学翻译、外语教学以及之间相互关系的模糊认识,使外语教学能更好地为翻译教学服务,也使翻译能够更好地在外语教学中发挥出积极的作用。本文详细讨论了外语教学与翻译教学的关系,翻译在外语教学中的作用等。并对大田鸿图中学高一年级学生展开实证研究。证明翻译在高中外语教学中是否对学生的英语语言能力有积极影响。
本研究定性与定量结合,包括观察、问卷、个人访谈调查,综合数据与资料的收集与统计等,通过分类、归纳、推理、比较、相关性分析等方法分析得出翻译在学生学习外语的过程中发挥中重要作用;从而证明了翻译对高中外语教学起着积极影响,最终肯定了在农村高中英语教学实践过程中老师应该注意培养学生学习运用翻译技能。有待加强的方面有:1)用现代教学方法替换传统的翻译教学方法;2)运用翻译这一手段检测学习外语的水平;在中考和高考中设立翻译考试:3)开设翻译选修课;4)如何运用翻译这一手段来实施促进外语教学。
The research study attempts to investigate the role of translation in the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools. It intends to discuss whether the teaching of translation has a positive impact on the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools. Translation and foreign language teaching are closely related and facilitate each other, but they have their own characteristics respectively. Therefore, having a thorough understanding of their relationship will give a great impetus not only to foreign language teaching but also to translation teaching.
Besides, the dissertation tries to clear up some misunderstandings of translation, clarifying people's ambiguous points of view to translation, translation teaching, translation employed in teaching and foreign language teaching and their relations so that foreign language teaching can better serve translation teaching and translation can play a more active role in foreign language teaching. The dissertation, in detail, discusses the relationship between foreign language teaching and translation teaching, and the role translation plays in foreign language teaching.
In this research, qualitative study and quantitative study are carried out on rural senior secondary school students in grade one, including observations, questionnaires, individual interview investigations, analysis of teaching materials and aptitude tests, after which the data are analyzed with linguistic statistics knowledge. From the analysis, the status quo of rural Senior One students is learned; the significant difference in the employment of translation between the control group and the experimental group is discovered; language acquisition is also generated and the positive. So the positive correlation between translation and L2 effect of translation in L2 acquisition of rural Senior One students is testified. Therefore, the skills on how to use translation deserve more attention during the teaching activities; and rural senior high school students in grade one also need to actively lean how to make full use of translation during L2 acquisition. By way of conclusion, some suggestions and opinions of translation and the foreign language teaching in senior secondary schools are put forward.
1) Replace traditional translation teaching method with modern teaching methods;
2) Use translation to test how well one studies English; and give C-E translation and E-C translation in National High school or College Entrance Examinations;
3) Offer translation as elective course;
4) Integrate translation activities into language teaching in Chinese senior secondary schools.
引文
1 智联招聘(www.zhaopin.com)特别邀请广大职场人参与此次职场人看高考报专业特别调查,希望通过“过来人”的意见,给学生和家长一点点有效的信息。在对于近10,000名职场人的调查中,从就业角度,请职场人给学生进行专业的推荐。排在文科前三名的分别是外语、经贸和管理。排在理工科前三位的为机械仪器仪表自动化、IT和生物医学。可见,在职场人看来,实用型的学科就业相对容易,在所有专业中,外语以40.2%排在首位。把冉智联招聘2007-05-16,智联招聘职场人看高考报专业特别调查报告。2008年3月2日下载http://article.zhaopin.com/pub/vicw.jsp?id=75424&cid=20077
2 cf.,Gu Dinglan顾定兰,1998年5月,社会需求与大学英语教学的转轨。
3 cf.,Hu Gengzhong胡庚中2000年4月,中国语境下高校英语教学,清华大学出版社。引用Luo Chengli“The Necessity and Possibility of Testing Oral English in CET4&CET6”。
5 Lv Shuxiang[吕淑湘]1980年,《中国人学英语》。北京:商务印书馆
6 zhang Zhiqiang:[张志强],2000,翻译的实质与翻译教学。《河南师范大学学报》(06),河南:河南师范大学学报出版社,101
Bachman,L.E&A.S.Palmer.1999.Language Testing in Practice.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Das,Bijay Kumar.1998.Horizon of Translation Studies.India:Atlantic Publishers & Distributors.
Dubin,F.& Dlshtain,E.2002.Course Design.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Henning,Grant.2001.A Guide to Language Testing:Development,Evaluation and Research.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Howatt,A.P.R.1984.A history of English language teaching.The United Kingdom:Oxford University Press.
Hughes,Arthur.2000.Testing for Language Teachers.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Ivanova,A.1998.Educating the "Language Elite".Translation and Language Teaching.Translation and Language Teaching,7:92-110.
Hatch,E.& Brown C.2001.Vocabular,Semantics and Language Education.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Heaton,J.B.2000.Writing English Language Tests(New Edition).Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Krashen,Stephen D.1981.Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning.California:Pergamon Press Inc.
Littlewood.W.2000.Foreign and Second Language Learning.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Researching Press
Newmark,Peter.1998.More Paragraphs on Translation.England:Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Richards,Jack.C.1995.Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics.New Jersey:Addison-Wesley Pub.Co.
Schaffner,C.1998.Qualification for professional translators:Translation in language teaching versus teaching translation.Manchester:St.Jerome Publishing.
Stern,H.H.1999.Issues and Options in Language Teaching.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Strauss,A and J.Corbin,1990.Basics of Qualitative Research-Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques.New Bury Park/London/New Deli:Sage Publications,Inc.
Uzawa,Kozue.1996.Second language learners' processes of L1 writing,L2 writing,and translation from L1 into L2.Journal of Second Language Writing 5,3,9:271-294.
Wilss,Wolfram.1983.The Function of Translation in Foreign Language Teaching in Transfer and Translation in Language Learning and Teaching.Singapore:Singapore University Press.
Ba Rang[把冉],2007年5月,智联招聘职场人看高考报专业特别调查报告。2008年3月2日下载自http://article.zhaopin.com/pub/view.jsp?id=75424&cid=20077。
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Chen Hongwei[陈宏薇],1996,《新实用汉译英教程》。武汉:湖北教育出版社。
Chen Qing[陈菁],2002,论翻译在外语词汇学习中的作用,《外语界》,第4期,第23-26页。
Ding Shude[丁树德],2003,翻译教学中学生心理障碍与认知框架,《上海科技翻译》,第3期,第49页。
Education Ministry of People's Republic of China[中华人民共和国教育部],2006,《普通高中英语课程 标准(实验)》。北京:人民教育出版社。
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Ge Xiaoqin[葛校琴],2002,翻译教学输出理论意识,《上海科技翻译》,第1期,第29-33页。
Gu Dinglan[顾定兰],1998,社会需求与大学英语教学的转轨,《外语与外语教学》,第5期,第36-38页。
Jiang Suhua[蒋素华],1998,关于翻译过程的研究,《外语教学与研究》,第3期,第55-58页。
Hu Gengzhong[湖庚中],2000,《中国语境下高校英语教学》。北京:清华大学出版社。
Ke Ping[柯平],1991,《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。北京:北京大学出版社。
Li Guanyi[李观仪],1995,《具有中国特色的英语教学法》.上海:上海外语教育出版社.
Li Yang[李扬],1996,英译汉教学中一个值得注意的问题,《中国翻译》,第1期,第45-46页。
Lin Benchun[林本椿],1996,论趋同和翻译,《福建省外国语言学会年会论文》.福建:福建教育出版社。
Lin Kenan[林克难],2000,翻译教学在国外,《中国翻译》,第2期,第58页。
Liu Quanfu[刘全福],1996,“批评法”在翻译课教学中的运用,《中国翻译》,第11期,第25-27页。
Lv Jun&Hou Xiangqun[吕俊,侯向群],2001,《英汉翻译教程》。上海:上海外语教育出版社。
Lv Shuxiang[吕淑湘],1980,《中国入学英语》.北京:商务印书馆。
Mu Junzhen,[牟俊真],2002,翻译实践课应以过程为导向,《山东外语教学》,第5期,第61-62页。
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Zhou Weijie[周维杰],过程教学法在翻译教学中的作用。《四川外语学院学报》,第1期,第148-149页。
Zhuang Zhixiang[庄智象],1992,翻译教学及其研究的现状与改革,《外语界》,第1期,第10-17页。
2 cf.,Gu Dinglan顾定兰,1998年5月,社会需求与大学英语教学的转轨。
3 cf.,Hu Gengzhong胡庚中2000年4月,中国语境下高校英语教学,清华大学出版社。引用Luo Chengli“The Necessity and Possibility of Testing Oral English in CET4&CET6”。
5 Lv Shuxiang[吕淑湘]1980年,《中国人学英语》。北京:商务印书馆
6 zhang Zhiqiang:[张志强],2000,翻译的实质与翻译教学。《河南师范大学学报》(06),河南:河南师范大学学报出版社,101
Bachman,L.E&A.S.Palmer.1999.Language Testing in Practice.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Das,Bijay Kumar.1998.Horizon of Translation Studies.India:Atlantic Publishers & Distributors.
Dubin,F.& Dlshtain,E.2002.Course Design.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Henning,Grant.2001.A Guide to Language Testing:Development,Evaluation and Research.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Howatt,A.P.R.1984.A history of English language teaching.The United Kingdom:Oxford University Press.
Hughes,Arthur.2000.Testing for Language Teachers.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Ivanova,A.1998.Educating the "Language Elite".Translation and Language Teaching.Translation and Language Teaching,7:92-110.
Hatch,E.& Brown C.2001.Vocabular,Semantics and Language Education.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Heaton,J.B.2000.Writing English Language Tests(New Edition).Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Krashen,Stephen D.1981.Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning.California:Pergamon Press Inc.
Littlewood.W.2000.Foreign and Second Language Learning.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Researching Press
Newmark,Peter.1998.More Paragraphs on Translation.England:Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Richards,Jack.C.1995.Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics.New Jersey:Addison-Wesley Pub.Co.
Schaffner,C.1998.Qualification for professional translators:Translation in language teaching versus teaching translation.Manchester:St.Jerome Publishing.
Stern,H.H.1999.Issues and Options in Language Teaching.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Strauss,A and J.Corbin,1990.Basics of Qualitative Research-Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques.New Bury Park/London/New Deli:Sage Publications,Inc.
Uzawa,Kozue.1996.Second language learners' processes of L1 writing,L2 writing,and translation from L1 into L2.Journal of Second Language Writing 5,3,9:271-294.
Wilss,Wolfram.1983.The Function of Translation in Foreign Language Teaching in Transfer and Translation in Language Learning and Teaching.Singapore:Singapore University Press.
Ba Rang[把冉],2007年5月,智联招聘职场人看高考报专业特别调查报告。2008年3月2日下载自http://article.zhaopin.com/pub/view.jsp?id=75424&cid=20077。
Cai Xinle[蔡新乐],2000,试论翻译过程,《解放军外国语学院学报》,第1期,第67-70页。
Chen Hongwei[陈宏薇],1996,《新实用汉译英教程》。武汉:湖北教育出版社。
Chen Qing[陈菁],2002,论翻译在外语词汇学习中的作用,《外语界》,第4期,第23-26页。
Ding Shude[丁树德],2003,翻译教学中学生心理障碍与认知框架,《上海科技翻译》,第3期,第49页。
Education Ministry of People's Republic of China[中华人民共和国教育部],2006,《普通高中英语课程 标准(实验)》。北京:人民教育出版社。
Feng Yihan[封一函],2001,教室网络中的交互式翻译教学,《中国翻译》,第2期,第37-39页。
Ge Xiaoqin[葛校琴],2002,翻译教学输出理论意识,《上海科技翻译》,第1期,第29-33页。
Gu Dinglan[顾定兰],1998,社会需求与大学英语教学的转轨,《外语与外语教学》,第5期,第36-38页。
Jiang Suhua[蒋素华],1998,关于翻译过程的研究,《外语教学与研究》,第3期,第55-58页。
Hu Gengzhong[湖庚中],2000,《中国语境下高校英语教学》。北京:清华大学出版社。
Ke Ping[柯平],1991,《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。北京:北京大学出版社。
Li Guanyi[李观仪],1995,《具有中国特色的英语教学法》.上海:上海外语教育出版社.
Li Yang[李扬],1996,英译汉教学中一个值得注意的问题,《中国翻译》,第1期,第45-46页。
Lin Benchun[林本椿],1996,论趋同和翻译,《福建省外国语言学会年会论文》.福建:福建教育出版社。
Lin Kenan[林克难],2000,翻译教学在国外,《中国翻译》,第2期,第58页。
Liu Quanfu[刘全福],1996,“批评法”在翻译课教学中的运用,《中国翻译》,第11期,第25-27页。
Lv Jun&Hou Xiangqun[吕俊,侯向群],2001,《英汉翻译教程》。上海:上海外语教育出版社。
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