碳纳米管的固相合成、表征及催化性能初探
摘要
本论文致力于用大孔阴离子交换树脂作为前躯体,在固相中用简单方法合成碳纳米管的研究并对其进行表征、磁性及催化性能的研究。这对碳纳米管的大量制备及工业化应用具有重要意义。
第一章为绪论,介绍了碳纳米管的发展历程、形貌、结构、性能、应用、制备方法及生长机理等。
第二章中,介绍了以阴离子交换树脂为前躯体,经高温碳化制备出了具有磁性和球形形貌的多壁碳纳米管。并对其进行了一系列的表征,结果显示合成的碳纳米管不仅具有很好的石墨化程度,而且合成的样品很好的保持了树脂球的球形形貌。
第三章中,讨论了球形形貌的多壁碳纳米管的磁性,并考察了样品对乙苯氧化脱氢制备苯乙烯的催化性能,结果显示样品有高的产率和选择性。
Since carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have been discovered in 1991,they have become to be a focus of attention in nano-technology for their unique physics and chemistry characters and special tube structure made of graphite flakes. There are some preparation methods, such as arc discharge method, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition technique etc. With the progress of production and application technics of CNTs, people find there are some challenges. One hand, the complexes synthetic technique of traditional methods limited their large scale production. On the other hand, the areas of application are limited for their nanosize. Thus, it is valuable to synthesize CNTs with regular morphology by a simple, cheap and effective method.
From the model calculate and experiment, people can conclude that CNTs can selective adsorb and activise some molecule due to its nanosize inner diameter, the net of six carbon ring similar with graphite and a great deal of unpaired electrons. Researcher reported that the catalytic activity and stabilization of CNTs was much higher than rhodium on decomposing NO at 873K.That is to say the catalytic activity of CNTs similar with the noble metal. At present, the application of CNTs is limited in catalytic reaction, which is mostly applied in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. If you can use CNTs replace of the noble metal as catalyst, you will bring a reform for petrifaction industry.
In the thesis, the history, morphologies, structures, physical properties, application, preparation methods and growth mechanism of CNTs were reviewed. Herein, we synthesize CNTs with magnetism and sphere by carbonization an industrial ion exchange resin with ferricyanide, which are characterized by X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD),scan electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM),Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption. The characterization show that, the sample keeps the similar sphere morphology to the ion changed resin, the surface of the sample consist of graphite multi-walled CNTs, and the sample can be magnetically motive for its magnetism. The specialty of the method is to synthesize multi-walled CNTs with regular morphology by a simple, cheap method.
The prepared sample shows the high yield and selectivity on oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. The sample is easily separated from reaction system for its magnetic property. More importantly, the prepared material show long catalytic life for its high graphite.
In this thesis, we provide a novel route for synthesis of CNTs. it greatly reduces the production cost of CNTs and predigest prepared technics. These will increase their prospect of industry.
第一章为绪论,介绍了碳纳米管的发展历程、形貌、结构、性能、应用、制备方法及生长机理等。
第二章中,介绍了以阴离子交换树脂为前躯体,经高温碳化制备出了具有磁性和球形形貌的多壁碳纳米管。并对其进行了一系列的表征,结果显示合成的碳纳米管不仅具有很好的石墨化程度,而且合成的样品很好的保持了树脂球的球形形貌。
第三章中,讨论了球形形貌的多壁碳纳米管的磁性,并考察了样品对乙苯氧化脱氢制备苯乙烯的催化性能,结果显示样品有高的产率和选择性。
Since carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have been discovered in 1991,they have become to be a focus of attention in nano-technology for their unique physics and chemistry characters and special tube structure made of graphite flakes. There are some preparation methods, such as arc discharge method, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition technique etc. With the progress of production and application technics of CNTs, people find there are some challenges. One hand, the complexes synthetic technique of traditional methods limited their large scale production. On the other hand, the areas of application are limited for their nanosize. Thus, it is valuable to synthesize CNTs with regular morphology by a simple, cheap and effective method.
From the model calculate and experiment, people can conclude that CNTs can selective adsorb and activise some molecule due to its nanosize inner diameter, the net of six carbon ring similar with graphite and a great deal of unpaired electrons. Researcher reported that the catalytic activity and stabilization of CNTs was much higher than rhodium on decomposing NO at 873K.That is to say the catalytic activity of CNTs similar with the noble metal. At present, the application of CNTs is limited in catalytic reaction, which is mostly applied in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. If you can use CNTs replace of the noble metal as catalyst, you will bring a reform for petrifaction industry.
In the thesis, the history, morphologies, structures, physical properties, application, preparation methods and growth mechanism of CNTs were reviewed. Herein, we synthesize CNTs with magnetism and sphere by carbonization an industrial ion exchange resin with ferricyanide, which are characterized by X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD),scan electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM),Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption. The characterization show that, the sample keeps the similar sphere morphology to the ion changed resin, the surface of the sample consist of graphite multi-walled CNTs, and the sample can be magnetically motive for its magnetism. The specialty of the method is to synthesize multi-walled CNTs with regular morphology by a simple, cheap method.
The prepared sample shows the high yield and selectivity on oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. The sample is easily separated from reaction system for its magnetic property. More importantly, the prepared material show long catalytic life for its high graphite.
In this thesis, we provide a novel route for synthesis of CNTs. it greatly reduces the production cost of CNTs and predigest prepared technics. These will increase their prospect of industry.
引文
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