基于WF工作流自定义活动的研究与应用
摘要
业务流程管理(BPM)是当今管理信息系统共同关心的问题。不同的应用领域具有不同的业务需求,同时,随着应用环境的发展,相应的业务过程也可能会发生变化。工作流主要用于解决业务逻辑的问题。因此,将工作流概念引入到管理信息系统中,使其具备自适应和重配置能力就显得相当重要。
Windows Workflow Foundation(WF)是一个通用的工作流框架,是微软.NET Framework 3.O的三大组件之一。活动是其核心的概念,WF将业务模块定义为活动并在工作流中使用。如何利用WF提供的基本活动以及自定义活动构建工作流,以满足不同的业务需求成为业务流程管理的关键。
本文对在WF中自定义活动的设计及其在建设项目招投标工作流中的应用进行了分析。文章首先参考工作流管理联盟(WfMC)提出的标准,对工作流技术的基本原理、工作流参考模型、工作流建模方法进行了论述;然后对WF的工作流运行机制、特点、体系结构和运行环境及其工作流模型进行了归纳和总结。
文章中心部分重点分析了建设项目招投标的业务流程、特点及其分层建模方法;描述了以UML活动图为原型,基于WF自定义活动的建设项目招投标工作流的建模过程;在建模环节中,主要对招投标业务流程中几个核心模块的建模步骤,以及自定义活动在简化工作流设计,提高流程的可读性、可控性方面的作用进行了介绍。
文章最后部分讨论了WF的服务,其中包括持久化服务、跟踪服务;对招投标工作流中自定义活动的设计过程及其动态维护进行了详细地描述,探讨了动态维护自定义活动在业务流程重组中的作用;介绍了评标流程的优化过程及WF自定义活动在业务变更中的应用,充分展示了自定义活动独立性、可复用性及其在业务管理中灵活性的特点。
Business Process Management (BPM) is a commonly concerned problem in the circle of management information. Different application fields contain different business requirements, and with the evolution of application environments, corresponding business processes may be changed. Workflow is mainly used to solve the logical problems in business. Therefore, it’s great importance that introducing the concept of workflow into MIS and making MIS possess be of such features as auto-adaptability and reconfiguration.
As one of the three Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 components, WF is a general workflow framework. WF defines business modules as activities, which are regarded as its core concept, and uses them in the workflow. How to use the basic activities provided by WF and user-defined activities to construct workflow to satisfy different needs in business has become the key to BMP.
This paper analyses the designing of user-defined activities in WF and its application in the workflow of construction project bidding. Firstly, referring to Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC) standards, this paper expounds the basic principles, reference model and modeling method of workflow technology. And then the WF workflow operation mechanism, features , architecture and operating environment and its workflow model are summed up and summarized.
In the central part of this paper, the business process and features of construction project bidding and its hierarchy modeling method are mainly analyzed, and at meantime the modeling process to the workflow of construction project bidding based on user-defined activities and employing UML activity diagrams as prototype is also described. In the stage of modeling, the modeling steps of the core modules in the process of business bidding and the function of user-defined activity in simplifying workflow designing and improving its readability and controllability are introduced.
Finally, such WF services as persistence service and tracking service are discussed, the designing process and dynamic maintenance of user-defined activity in bidding workflow are described in detail and the function of dynamic maintaining user-defined activity in business workflow rearrangement is studied. The optimizing process of selecting bidding and the application of WF user-defined activity in business change are also introduced.And then the independency, reusable character and flexibility of user-defined activity in business management are fully displayed.
Windows Workflow Foundation(WF)是一个通用的工作流框架,是微软.NET Framework 3.O的三大组件之一。活动是其核心的概念,WF将业务模块定义为活动并在工作流中使用。如何利用WF提供的基本活动以及自定义活动构建工作流,以满足不同的业务需求成为业务流程管理的关键。
本文对在WF中自定义活动的设计及其在建设项目招投标工作流中的应用进行了分析。文章首先参考工作流管理联盟(WfMC)提出的标准,对工作流技术的基本原理、工作流参考模型、工作流建模方法进行了论述;然后对WF的工作流运行机制、特点、体系结构和运行环境及其工作流模型进行了归纳和总结。
文章中心部分重点分析了建设项目招投标的业务流程、特点及其分层建模方法;描述了以UML活动图为原型,基于WF自定义活动的建设项目招投标工作流的建模过程;在建模环节中,主要对招投标业务流程中几个核心模块的建模步骤,以及自定义活动在简化工作流设计,提高流程的可读性、可控性方面的作用进行了介绍。
文章最后部分讨论了WF的服务,其中包括持久化服务、跟踪服务;对招投标工作流中自定义活动的设计过程及其动态维护进行了详细地描述,探讨了动态维护自定义活动在业务流程重组中的作用;介绍了评标流程的优化过程及WF自定义活动在业务变更中的应用,充分展示了自定义活动独立性、可复用性及其在业务管理中灵活性的特点。
Business Process Management (BPM) is a commonly concerned problem in the circle of management information. Different application fields contain different business requirements, and with the evolution of application environments, corresponding business processes may be changed. Workflow is mainly used to solve the logical problems in business. Therefore, it’s great importance that introducing the concept of workflow into MIS and making MIS possess be of such features as auto-adaptability and reconfiguration.
As one of the three Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 components, WF is a general workflow framework. WF defines business modules as activities, which are regarded as its core concept, and uses them in the workflow. How to use the basic activities provided by WF and user-defined activities to construct workflow to satisfy different needs in business has become the key to BMP.
This paper analyses the designing of user-defined activities in WF and its application in the workflow of construction project bidding. Firstly, referring to Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC) standards, this paper expounds the basic principles, reference model and modeling method of workflow technology. And then the WF workflow operation mechanism, features , architecture and operating environment and its workflow model are summed up and summarized.
In the central part of this paper, the business process and features of construction project bidding and its hierarchy modeling method are mainly analyzed, and at meantime the modeling process to the workflow of construction project bidding based on user-defined activities and employing UML activity diagrams as prototype is also described. In the stage of modeling, the modeling steps of the core modules in the process of business bidding and the function of user-defined activity in simplifying workflow designing and improving its readability and controllability are introduced.
Finally, such WF services as persistence service and tracking service are discussed, the designing process and dynamic maintenance of user-defined activity in bidding workflow are described in detail and the function of dynamic maintaining user-defined activity in business workflow rearrangement is studied. The optimizing process of selecting bidding and the application of WF user-defined activity in business change are also introduced.And then the independency, reusable character and flexibility of user-defined activity in business management are fully displayed.
引文
[1] Injun Choi,Minseok Song,Chulsoon Park,An XML-based process definition language for integrated process management,Computers in Industry,Elsevier,2003,85-102.
[2] Inamoto Atsushi,Agent oriented system approach for workflow automation,International Journal of Production Economics,1999, 60-61 :327-335 .
[3]吴朝晖,袁潜龙,弹性业务流程重组技术,电子工业出版社,2002,115-175。
[4]范玉顺,罗海滨,林慧苹等,工作流管理技术基础——实现企业业务过程重组、过程管理与过程自动化的核心技术,清华大学出版社,施普林格出版社,2001,111-150。
[5] Dharma Shukla,Bob Schmidt,WF本质论(周健译),北京:机械工业出版社,2007,55-83。
[6]蒋国银,董利红,工作流过程建模理论综述,计算机系统应用, 2006,(03): 90-93。
[7]张瑾,WWF开发指南,北京:机械工业出版社,2008,41-159。
[8]肖郑进,面向企业应用的工作流精简建模研究,[博士论文],浙江大学, 2006。
[9]崔淼,基于WWF工作流模型的信息系统优化设计:[硕士学位论文],大连,大连海事大学,2007。
[10]刘云生,Petri网工作流建模及工作流管理系统Flowstep任务引擎:[硕士学位论文],天津,天津大学,2006。
[11]陈鹏飞,张钢,王庆节,工作流管理原型系统的设计与实现,微处理机,2003,(05):13-16。
[12]孙达,张钢,陈鹏飞,一种采用J2EE技术实现的工作流系统Jflow,微处理机,2004,(05):15-17。
[13]汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹,工作流管理的现状和未来趋势,小型微型计算机系统,2001,(02) : 232-236。
[14]谭支鹏,基于工作流技术MIS系统的分析与设计,华中科技大学学报, 2001,(07): 7-9。
[15] James Bailey,Alexandra Poulovassilis,Peter T Wood.An event- Condition-action language for XML,Hawaii:International World Wide Web Conference,2002,34-44.
[16]胡锦敏,张申生,余新颖.基于ECA规则和活动分解的工作流模型,软件学报,2002,13(4): 761-767
[17]邓水光,吴朝晖,俞镇,支持动态建模的工作流管理系统的研究与设计,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,(5): 712-718
[18]王洪,陈健,成虎,建设项目管理,北京:机械工业出版社,2004,69-73。
[19]陈鹏飞,王庆节,张钢,基于XML的工作流体系结构的研究,计算机工程与科学,2004,(1):45-47。
[20]曹健,张申生,黄鹤远,基于ECA规则的适应性工作流技术研究,计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(9) :738-738.
[21]柳红,邵明,王晓燕,基于ECA规则的工作流建模实施方案,计算机应用,2002,22(10): 98-100。
[22] L. Chen,M. Li, J. Cao,Y. Wang,An ECA Rule-based Workflow Design Tool For Shanghai Grid,Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing,2005,325-328.
[23] Sadiq S,Sadiq W,Orlowska M.Pockets of flexibility in workflow specifications,Yokohama,Japan:Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling,Springer,2001,513- 526.
[24] J. J. Chen,Y. Yang. Flexible Temporal Constituency for Fixed-Time Constraint Verification in Grid Workflow Systems,Proceedings of International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing,Springer LNCS 3795,2005,300-311
[25] J. Q,Li,Y.S. Fan,M. C. Zhou,Timing Constraint Workflow Nets for Workflow Analysis . IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,And Cybernetics Part A: Systems and Humans,2003,22(2): 179-193.
[26] Y.Choi,J.Zhao,Decomposition-based Verification of Cyclic Workflows,Proceedings of Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis,Springer LNCS 3707,2005,84-98.
[27] Stephen Chan,Tharam Dillon,Andrew Siu,Applying a mediator architecture employing XML to retailing inventory control,The Journal of Systems and Software,2002(60):239-248.
[28] ZHAO Bo,FAN Yu一shun,Views consistency of multi views enterprise modeling methods,Computer Integration Manufactory System,2003,9 (7):522-626.
[29] Amit Sheth,An Overview of Workflow Management:From Process Modeling to Workflow Automation Infrastructure,Distributed and Parallel Database,1995(3):119-153.
[30] L. Feng,H. Jiang,Analysis of Workflow Schedulability Based on Time Constraint Petri Nets,Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design,2006:1-5.
[31] W.M.P.van der Aalst,A.H.M.ter Hofstede,B.Kie-puszewski, Advanced Workflow Patterns Distributed and Parallel Databases,2003,14(1):5-51.
[32] H.Bi,J.Zhao,Applying Propositional Logic to Workflow Verification,Information Technology and Management,2004,5(3,4): 293-318.
[33] Francisco Curbera,Yaron Goland,Johannes Klein,Web服务的业务流程执行语言,BEA Systems,IBM Corporation,Microsoft Corporation,Inc. 2001-2002:731-738.
[34]樊斌,基于WF的预警处理自动化的设计与实现,[硕士学位论文],浙江大学,2007。
[35]崔金红,王旭,基于事件的变结构工作流管理,蔡晨,2003年中国管理科学学术会议论文集,中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会,北京,2003:97-102。
[36]周咨聪,陈德焜,潘杰,基于Wf-XML和Web服务的工作流集成框架的设计,机械制造,2007,(06):51-54。
[37]张永,夏平,基于微软平台的工作流技术开发实践与研究,硅谷, 2008,(09):19-63。
[38] Paul Keamey. Message level security for Web services,Information Security Technical Report,2005,(10):41-50.
[39]李慧芳,范玉顺,一种时间工作流模型的启发式分析方法,中国机械工程,2004,(02):71-75。
[40]肖志娇,常会友,衣杨,成本约束下工作流时间最小化的资源配置优化,系统仿真学报,2006,(11):3320-3323。
[41]胡春华,吴敏,刘国平,王四春,服务工作流中基于用户需求的调度模型及算法研究,小型微型计算机系统,2007,(06):1008-1014。
[42]彭扬,伍蓓,物流系统优化与仿真,北京:中国物资出版社,2007,291-299。
[43] Wil van der Aalst,kees van hee,workflow management (Models,Methods and Systems),Beijing:Tinghua university publisher,2004,26-90.
[44] Geppert A,Tombros D,Dittrich K R,Defining the semantics of reactive components in event driven workflow execution with event histories,Information Systems,1998,23(34):235-252.
[45] Marc Thomas Schmidt,The Evolution of Workflow Standards,1092-3063,1999 IEEE Concurrency:44-52.
[2] Inamoto Atsushi,Agent oriented system approach for workflow automation,International Journal of Production Economics,1999, 60-61 :327-335 .
[3]吴朝晖,袁潜龙,弹性业务流程重组技术,电子工业出版社,2002,115-175。
[4]范玉顺,罗海滨,林慧苹等,工作流管理技术基础——实现企业业务过程重组、过程管理与过程自动化的核心技术,清华大学出版社,施普林格出版社,2001,111-150。
[5] Dharma Shukla,Bob Schmidt,WF本质论(周健译),北京:机械工业出版社,2007,55-83。
[6]蒋国银,董利红,工作流过程建模理论综述,计算机系统应用, 2006,(03): 90-93。
[7]张瑾,WWF开发指南,北京:机械工业出版社,2008,41-159。
[8]肖郑进,面向企业应用的工作流精简建模研究,[博士论文],浙江大学, 2006。
[9]崔淼,基于WWF工作流模型的信息系统优化设计:[硕士学位论文],大连,大连海事大学,2007。
[10]刘云生,Petri网工作流建模及工作流管理系统Flowstep任务引擎:[硕士学位论文],天津,天津大学,2006。
[11]陈鹏飞,张钢,王庆节,工作流管理原型系统的设计与实现,微处理机,2003,(05):13-16。
[12]孙达,张钢,陈鹏飞,一种采用J2EE技术实现的工作流系统Jflow,微处理机,2004,(05):15-17。
[13]汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹,工作流管理的现状和未来趋势,小型微型计算机系统,2001,(02) : 232-236。
[14]谭支鹏,基于工作流技术MIS系统的分析与设计,华中科技大学学报, 2001,(07): 7-9。
[15] James Bailey,Alexandra Poulovassilis,Peter T Wood.An event- Condition-action language for XML,Hawaii:International World Wide Web Conference,2002,34-44.
[16]胡锦敏,张申生,余新颖.基于ECA规则和活动分解的工作流模型,软件学报,2002,13(4): 761-767
[17]邓水光,吴朝晖,俞镇,支持动态建模的工作流管理系统的研究与设计,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,(5): 712-718
[18]王洪,陈健,成虎,建设项目管理,北京:机械工业出版社,2004,69-73。
[19]陈鹏飞,王庆节,张钢,基于XML的工作流体系结构的研究,计算机工程与科学,2004,(1):45-47。
[20]曹健,张申生,黄鹤远,基于ECA规则的适应性工作流技术研究,计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(9) :738-738.
[21]柳红,邵明,王晓燕,基于ECA规则的工作流建模实施方案,计算机应用,2002,22(10): 98-100。
[22] L. Chen,M. Li, J. Cao,Y. Wang,An ECA Rule-based Workflow Design Tool For Shanghai Grid,Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing,2005,325-328.
[23] Sadiq S,Sadiq W,Orlowska M.Pockets of flexibility in workflow specifications,Yokohama,Japan:Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling,Springer,2001,513- 526.
[24] J. J. Chen,Y. Yang. Flexible Temporal Constituency for Fixed-Time Constraint Verification in Grid Workflow Systems,Proceedings of International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing,Springer LNCS 3795,2005,300-311
[25] J. Q,Li,Y.S. Fan,M. C. Zhou,Timing Constraint Workflow Nets for Workflow Analysis . IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,And Cybernetics Part A: Systems and Humans,2003,22(2): 179-193.
[26] Y.Choi,J.Zhao,Decomposition-based Verification of Cyclic Workflows,Proceedings of Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis,Springer LNCS 3707,2005,84-98.
[27] Stephen Chan,Tharam Dillon,Andrew Siu,Applying a mediator architecture employing XML to retailing inventory control,The Journal of Systems and Software,2002(60):239-248.
[28] ZHAO Bo,FAN Yu一shun,Views consistency of multi views enterprise modeling methods,Computer Integration Manufactory System,2003,9 (7):522-626.
[29] Amit Sheth,An Overview of Workflow Management:From Process Modeling to Workflow Automation Infrastructure,Distributed and Parallel Database,1995(3):119-153.
[30] L. Feng,H. Jiang,Analysis of Workflow Schedulability Based on Time Constraint Petri Nets,Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design,2006:1-5.
[31] W.M.P.van der Aalst,A.H.M.ter Hofstede,B.Kie-puszewski, Advanced Workflow Patterns Distributed and Parallel Databases,2003,14(1):5-51.
[32] H.Bi,J.Zhao,Applying Propositional Logic to Workflow Verification,Information Technology and Management,2004,5(3,4): 293-318.
[33] Francisco Curbera,Yaron Goland,Johannes Klein,Web服务的业务流程执行语言,BEA Systems,IBM Corporation,Microsoft Corporation,Inc. 2001-2002:731-738.
[34]樊斌,基于WF的预警处理自动化的设计与实现,[硕士学位论文],浙江大学,2007。
[35]崔金红,王旭,基于事件的变结构工作流管理,蔡晨,2003年中国管理科学学术会议论文集,中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会,北京,2003:97-102。
[36]周咨聪,陈德焜,潘杰,基于Wf-XML和Web服务的工作流集成框架的设计,机械制造,2007,(06):51-54。
[37]张永,夏平,基于微软平台的工作流技术开发实践与研究,硅谷, 2008,(09):19-63。
[38] Paul Keamey. Message level security for Web services,Information Security Technical Report,2005,(10):41-50.
[39]李慧芳,范玉顺,一种时间工作流模型的启发式分析方法,中国机械工程,2004,(02):71-75。
[40]肖志娇,常会友,衣杨,成本约束下工作流时间最小化的资源配置优化,系统仿真学报,2006,(11):3320-3323。
[41]胡春华,吴敏,刘国平,王四春,服务工作流中基于用户需求的调度模型及算法研究,小型微型计算机系统,2007,(06):1008-1014。
[42]彭扬,伍蓓,物流系统优化与仿真,北京:中国物资出版社,2007,291-299。
[43] Wil van der Aalst,kees van hee,workflow management (Models,Methods and Systems),Beijing:Tinghua university publisher,2004,26-90.
[44] Geppert A,Tombros D,Dittrich K R,Defining the semantics of reactive components in event driven workflow execution with event histories,Information Systems,1998,23(34):235-252.
[45] Marc Thomas Schmidt,The Evolution of Workflow Standards,1092-3063,1999 IEEE Concurrency:44-52.