基于单片机与射频卡的电子式预付费电能表研究与设计
摘要
本文通过对单片机和射频卡技术的研究,利用电子式电能计量芯片,结合液晶显示、EEPROM存储、线性稳压电源等技术,开发设计一款射频卡电子式预付费电能表。
文中对射频卡电子式预付费电能表的优点进行了分析,论述了开发射频卡电子式预付费电能表的意义,提出了研究目标,并给出了技术要求。
本文以Mifarel S50射频卡作为数据传输介质,解决了无源和免接触难题。
本文给出了射频卡电子式预付费电能表的硬件开发设计思路。讨论了单片机选取依据和资源分配问题,对射频卡电子式预付费电能表的射频读写、电能计量、液晶显示、负荷控制、电源等关键模块的硬件实现进行了研究,给出了相应的设计原理,并对设计中的重点环节进行了讨论分析,其中着重对射频读写模块的硬件设计、参数选择、调试方法进行了详细的剖析。
文中实现了电子式预付费电能表单片机软件的功能,给出了电子式预付费电能表功能实现的主流程；研究了射频读写模块、计量模块、显示模块、存储模块等的单片机软件,给出了设计思路和关键流程,并针对管理安全性、数据传递安全性、用户用电流程可操作性以及缴费兼容性等方面,讨论了软件的设计思路。
基于电子式预付费电能表硬件设计基础和软件技术,实现了数据传输介质的安全性、单片机选择实用性、电能计量准确性、误差调试方便性、射频读写模块的软／硬设计合理性、数据及信息显示全面性、存储可靠性、读写安全性、用电及管理特殊功能等研究目标。
本文设计的电子式预付费电能表,已通过了相关标准的软／硬件测试,运行稳定、可靠,完全满足了提出的技术要求,验证了设计方案的有效性。
Through the study of MCU and RFID card techniques, electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is designed based on techniques including electronic electricity power measurement chip, liquid crystal display, EEPROM storage and linear regulated-voltage electricity power.
Merits of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card are analyzed, development meaning of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is stated, study objective is proposed and technique requirements are given in this thesis.
Mifarel S50 RFID card is used as data transportation media in this thesis, which solves difficult problems of non-resource and touch-free.
Design idea of hardware development of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is given in this thesis. Selection principle of MCU and the problem of resource allocation are discussed, hardware realization of key modules, such as radio frequency read-write module, power measurement module, liquid crystal display module, load control module and power source module, is investigated.
In this thesis, MCU software function of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter is realized, main process of function realization of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter is given, MCU software, such as radio frequency read-write module, measurement module, display module and storage module, is investigated, design idea and key procedure are obtained and design idea of software is discussed for management safety, data transportation safety, procedure maneuverability of clients'utilization of electricity and payment compatibility, corresponding design principle is given and important portions of design are analyzed for hardware design of radio frequency read-write module, parameter selection and adjustment methods.
Based on the foundation of hardware design of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter and software techniques, the study objectives, such as the safety of data transportation media, the practicability of MCU selection, the correctness of power measurement, convenience of error adjustment, reasonableness of software and hardware design of radio frequency read-write module, generality of data and information display, reliability of storage, safety of read and write and utilization of electricity and management function, are realized.
The electronic prepayment watt-hour meter designed in this thesis has passed related software and hardware tests, works stablely and reliably, satisfies proposed technique requirements fully and confirms the effectiveness of the design method.
文中对射频卡电子式预付费电能表的优点进行了分析,论述了开发射频卡电子式预付费电能表的意义,提出了研究目标,并给出了技术要求。
本文以Mifarel S50射频卡作为数据传输介质,解决了无源和免接触难题。
本文给出了射频卡电子式预付费电能表的硬件开发设计思路。讨论了单片机选取依据和资源分配问题,对射频卡电子式预付费电能表的射频读写、电能计量、液晶显示、负荷控制、电源等关键模块的硬件实现进行了研究,给出了相应的设计原理,并对设计中的重点环节进行了讨论分析,其中着重对射频读写模块的硬件设计、参数选择、调试方法进行了详细的剖析。
文中实现了电子式预付费电能表单片机软件的功能,给出了电子式预付费电能表功能实现的主流程；研究了射频读写模块、计量模块、显示模块、存储模块等的单片机软件,给出了设计思路和关键流程,并针对管理安全性、数据传递安全性、用户用电流程可操作性以及缴费兼容性等方面,讨论了软件的设计思路。
基于电子式预付费电能表硬件设计基础和软件技术,实现了数据传输介质的安全性、单片机选择实用性、电能计量准确性、误差调试方便性、射频读写模块的软／硬设计合理性、数据及信息显示全面性、存储可靠性、读写安全性、用电及管理特殊功能等研究目标。
本文设计的电子式预付费电能表,已通过了相关标准的软／硬件测试,运行稳定、可靠,完全满足了提出的技术要求,验证了设计方案的有效性。
Through the study of MCU and RFID card techniques, electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is designed based on techniques including electronic electricity power measurement chip, liquid crystal display, EEPROM storage and linear regulated-voltage electricity power.
Merits of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card are analyzed, development meaning of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is stated, study objective is proposed and technique requirements are given in this thesis.
Mifarel S50 RFID card is used as data transportation media in this thesis, which solves difficult problems of non-resource and touch-free.
Design idea of hardware development of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter based on RFID card is given in this thesis. Selection principle of MCU and the problem of resource allocation are discussed, hardware realization of key modules, such as radio frequency read-write module, power measurement module, liquid crystal display module, load control module and power source module, is investigated.
In this thesis, MCU software function of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter is realized, main process of function realization of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter is given, MCU software, such as radio frequency read-write module, measurement module, display module and storage module, is investigated, design idea and key procedure are obtained and design idea of software is discussed for management safety, data transportation safety, procedure maneuverability of clients'utilization of electricity and payment compatibility, corresponding design principle is given and important portions of design are analyzed for hardware design of radio frequency read-write module, parameter selection and adjustment methods.
Based on the foundation of hardware design of electronic prepayment watt-hour meter and software techniques, the study objectives, such as the safety of data transportation media, the practicability of MCU selection, the correctness of power measurement, convenience of error adjustment, reasonableness of software and hardware design of radio frequency read-write module, generality of data and information display, reliability of storage, safety of read and write and utilization of electricity and management function, are realized.
The electronic prepayment watt-hour meter designed in this thesis has passed related software and hardware tests, works stablely and reliably, satisfies proposed technique requirements fully and confirms the effectiveness of the design method.
引文
1. 陆寒熹.国内电能表的技术发展趋势[J],电力设备,2007,8(8)：108-110.
2. Pejic Dragan, Vujicic Vladimir.Accuracy. Limit of high-precision stochastic watt-hour meter [J], IEEE transactions on Instrumentation&Measurement,2000,49(3):617-620.
3. Yang C L. Software-controlled cache architecture for energy efficiency [J], IEEE transactions on Circuits&Systems for video technology,2005,15(5):634-644.
4. 金美星.电能表行业发展现状及前景分析[J],电力设备,2007,8(8)：106-107.
5. Daniel W.lewis. Fundamentals of embedded software where c and assembly meet [M], USA:Pearson Education,2002.
6. 周鸿雁,张子红,周连臣,等.交流电能表及常见故障的处理[J],科技资讯,2006,(27)：61-61.
7. 李巧缀,许晓龙.电能表应用技术分析[J],中小企业管理与科技,2008,(7)：192-192.
8. 李刚.感应式电能表与电子式电能表的比较[J],科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(36)：322-323.
9. 田平.两种电能表性能之比[J],企业标准化,2007,(5)：39-39.
10.徐心睿.全电子式电能表的特点及其选用[J],上海电力,2006,19(2)：205-208.
11.王译平.电子式电能表的特点及其应用[J],宁夏电力,2007,(2)：46-48.
12.王莉,李咏新.电子式电能表的质量管理[J],农村电气化,2005,(12)：49-50.
13.赵亦湘.机械式电度表启动性能的技术分析[J],科技资讯,2006,(25)：11-11.
14.翟蓊.电子式电能表与机械电能表的性能分析[J],科技资讯,2006,(26)：13-13.
15.李慧,吴成.关于电子式电能表校验及计量分析[J],计量与测试技术,2005,32(5)：14-16.
16.应仙茶.单相静止式防窃电电能表的设计[J],科技资讯,2006,(2)：11-11.
17.刘茹.多功能电能表的推广及远程抄表技术的应用[J],甘肃电力技术,2006,(5)：20-23.
18.刘春阳,王建新.电子式多功能电能表的功能开发应用[J],华中电力,2007,20(2)：57-59.
19.唐伟,张建波,范文宾.基于GPRS技术的远程抄表系统设计[J],电力系统通信,2004,(11)：37-40.
20.唐学忠,胡智喜,郑成增.基于电能表的多路数据采集技术的研究[J],计算机测量与控制,2007,15(2)：265-267.
21.李勤.居民预付费技术的应用与研究[J],华北电力技术,2007,(4)：30-32.
22.田拥军,曾健平.卡式预付费表计的安全设计策略[J],中国仪器仪表,2007,(4)：73-74.
23.陆永宁.非接触式IC卡原理与应用[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
24.陈亚丽.智能IC卡表的数据加密技术[J],电子世界,2007,(3)：10-11.
25.庞桂云,瞿晓东,闫广明.智能IC卡电能表设计[J],电测与仪表,2007,44(9)：5-9.
26.易霞,滕召胜,张向程,等.Mifarel射频卡在预付费电能表中的应用[J],自动化仪表,2007,28(6)：10-13.
27.潘绍明,潘仕彬.提高非接触有值IC卡操作的可靠性研究[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(7)：73-74.
28.程启明,谭青.非接触式IC卡预付费电度表的设计[J],金卡工程,2003,7(12)：56-60.
29. Syed Ahson, Mohammad llyas. RFID handbook:applications, technology, security, anprivacy [M], Boca Raton:CRC Press,2008.
30.慈新新,王苏滨,王硕.无线射频识别(RFID)系统技术与应用[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
31. Edmund W.Schuster, Stuart J.Alle, David L.Brock. Global RFID:the value of the EPCglobal network for supply chain management [M], New York:Springer,2007.
32.邢海霞,索明何.基于FM1702射频识别读写起的设计与实现[J],科技广场,2007,(1)：202-204.
33. Sid Katzen. The quintessential PIC microcontroller [M], London:Springer,2005.
34.徐维雄.PIC单片机原理与程序模块[M],福州：福建科学技术出版社,2008.
35. Huang H W. PIC microcontroller:an introduction to software andhardware interfacing [M], New York: Thomson/Delmar Learning,2005.
2. Pejic Dragan, Vujicic Vladimir.Accuracy. Limit of high-precision stochastic watt-hour meter [J], IEEE transactions on Instrumentation&Measurement,2000,49(3):617-620.
3. Yang C L. Software-controlled cache architecture for energy efficiency [J], IEEE transactions on Circuits&Systems for video technology,2005,15(5):634-644.
4. 金美星.电能表行业发展现状及前景分析[J],电力设备,2007,8(8)：106-107.
5. Daniel W.lewis. Fundamentals of embedded software where c and assembly meet [M], USA:Pearson Education,2002.
6. 周鸿雁,张子红,周连臣,等.交流电能表及常见故障的处理[J],科技资讯,2006,(27)：61-61.
7. 李巧缀,许晓龙.电能表应用技术分析[J],中小企业管理与科技,2008,(7)：192-192.
8. 李刚.感应式电能表与电子式电能表的比较[J],科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(36)：322-323.
9. 田平.两种电能表性能之比[J],企业标准化,2007,(5)：39-39.
10.徐心睿.全电子式电能表的特点及其选用[J],上海电力,2006,19(2)：205-208.
11.王译平.电子式电能表的特点及其应用[J],宁夏电力,2007,(2)：46-48.
12.王莉,李咏新.电子式电能表的质量管理[J],农村电气化,2005,(12)：49-50.
13.赵亦湘.机械式电度表启动性能的技术分析[J],科技资讯,2006,(25)：11-11.
14.翟蓊.电子式电能表与机械电能表的性能分析[J],科技资讯,2006,(26)：13-13.
15.李慧,吴成.关于电子式电能表校验及计量分析[J],计量与测试技术,2005,32(5)：14-16.
16.应仙茶.单相静止式防窃电电能表的设计[J],科技资讯,2006,(2)：11-11.
17.刘茹.多功能电能表的推广及远程抄表技术的应用[J],甘肃电力技术,2006,(5)：20-23.
18.刘春阳,王建新.电子式多功能电能表的功能开发应用[J],华中电力,2007,20(2)：57-59.
19.唐伟,张建波,范文宾.基于GPRS技术的远程抄表系统设计[J],电力系统通信,2004,(11)：37-40.
20.唐学忠,胡智喜,郑成增.基于电能表的多路数据采集技术的研究[J],计算机测量与控制,2007,15(2)：265-267.
21.李勤.居民预付费技术的应用与研究[J],华北电力技术,2007,(4)：30-32.
22.田拥军,曾健平.卡式预付费表计的安全设计策略[J],中国仪器仪表,2007,(4)：73-74.
23.陆永宁.非接触式IC卡原理与应用[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
24.陈亚丽.智能IC卡表的数据加密技术[J],电子世界,2007,(3)：10-11.
25.庞桂云,瞿晓东,闫广明.智能IC卡电能表设计[J],电测与仪表,2007,44(9)：5-9.
26.易霞,滕召胜,张向程,等.Mifarel射频卡在预付费电能表中的应用[J],自动化仪表,2007,28(6)：10-13.
27.潘绍明,潘仕彬.提高非接触有值IC卡操作的可靠性研究[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(7)：73-74.
28.程启明,谭青.非接触式IC卡预付费电度表的设计[J],金卡工程,2003,7(12)：56-60.
29. Syed Ahson, Mohammad llyas. RFID handbook:applications, technology, security, anprivacy [M], Boca Raton:CRC Press,2008.
30.慈新新,王苏滨,王硕.无线射频识别(RFID)系统技术与应用[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
31. Edmund W.Schuster, Stuart J.Alle, David L.Brock. Global RFID:the value of the EPCglobal network for supply chain management [M], New York:Springer,2007.
32.邢海霞,索明何.基于FM1702射频识别读写起的设计与实现[J],科技广场,2007,(1)：202-204.
33. Sid Katzen. The quintessential PIC microcontroller [M], London:Springer,2005.
34.徐维雄.PIC单片机原理与程序模块[M],福州：福建科学技术出版社,2008.
35. Huang H W. PIC microcontroller:an introduction to software andhardware interfacing [M], New York: Thomson/Delmar Learning,2005.