塔里木盆地上泥盆统东河砂岩段储层特征及评价
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摘要
塔里木盆地蕴藏有丰富的油气资源,目前,已在寒武系、泥盆系、石炭系、三叠系、侏罗系、古近系和新近系等十余个地质层系中发现了工业油气流,特别是发育在塔里木盆地塔北和塔中地区的东河砂岩,就是中国首例高产工业油气流的重要海相沉积储层。本文在对区域地质背景和区域层序、沉积发育特点进行详细研究基础上,以岩石学、储层地质学的基本理论为指导,结合测井、岩心及各种分析化验资料对东河砂岩段的成岩作用和孔隙演化以及储层特征进行了详细的研究,在此基础上对东河砂岩段有利勘探区块优选做出了客观评价。
以沉积学、岩石学理论方法为指导,以塔里木盆地上泥盆统东河砂岩段海相碎屑岩储层为主要研究对象,结合对东河砂岩段岩性、沉积构造、古生物、测井曲线等指相标志的综合分析,在东河砂岩段内识别出河流相、滨岸相和扇三角洲相等主要沉积相类型。
根据岩石薄片、铸体薄片的观察和扫描电镜及阴极发光等分析实验结果,东河砂岩段主要的成岩作用有压溶和压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用,成岩作用阶段出现显著分异:在塔中地区成岩阶段进入晚成岩A期;而在塔北地区已进入晚成岩B期。主要的储集空间是次生粒间孔隙。
通过对东河砂岩段储层物性的研究,得出东河砂岩段塔中地区的物性相对较好,塔北地区孔隙度和渗透率均较低,并且其物性非均质性极强;储层物性受沉积相及成岩作用等多种因素的影响。
通过对东河砂岩段储层的综合研究表明,东河砂岩段塔中地区塔中4、塔中40及塔中46井区为较有利的储层。塔北地区东河砂岩段向东部隆起区尖灭,形成尖灭岩性圈闭,最为有利的区块是在距隆起区较远的东河1-哈南1-哈得5井区。
The Tarim Basin contains plenty of petroleum resources and is important base to stabilize the east and develop the west. So far, it has discovered oil and gas resources in more than 10 strata such as Cambrian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Triassic, Jurassic, Paleogene and Neogene. Donghe sandstone is distributed in Central and Northern Tarim areas. It is the most important sedimentary reservoir deposited in marine though the geology age is in dispute. Diagenesis, pore evolution and reservoir characteristics are studied in detail based on researches of the regional geological setting and depositional sequence development guided by the basic theory of the lithology and reservoir geology, combined with the comprehensive analyses of the well log, core and test datas, and the favorable exploration areas have been evaluated objectively.
Four types of sedimentary facies can be identified, such as fluvial facies, estuary facies, shore facies and fan-delta facies based on theories and approaches of sedimentology, sedimentary petrology, focused on marine clastic reservoir of Donghe sandstone of Tarim Basin, integrated with lithology, sedimentary, texture, sedimentary structure, log curve.
Observations of rock thin-sections and casting thin-sections and results of SEM and CLM analysis show that the main diagenesis of the clastic strata in the study area include compaction (pressolution), authigenic mineral cementation, metasomatism and filling and corrosion. Based on research of the characteristics and stages of diagenesis, the Donghe sandstone is mainly in the A stage of late diagenesis in the central-Tarim and B stage of late diagenesis in the northern part. The major reservoir space is mainly secondary intergranular pores.
Based on study of reservoir physical properties of the Donghe sandstone, the reservoir quality is better in the central-Tarim than in the north. In the northern-Tarim area, porosity and permeability are lower, and anisotropic is stronger. Factors affecting clastic reservoir petrophysic properties include the sequence stratigraphic framworks, the sedimentary facies and the diagenesis.
With the studies of the reservoir, the favorable reservoir locates around well Tazhong 4 to Tazhong 40 to Tazhong 46 areas in the central and well Donghe1 to Hanan1 to Hade5 areas in the northern-Tarim.
以沉积学、岩石学理论方法为指导,以塔里木盆地上泥盆统东河砂岩段海相碎屑岩储层为主要研究对象,结合对东河砂岩段岩性、沉积构造、古生物、测井曲线等指相标志的综合分析,在东河砂岩段内识别出河流相、滨岸相和扇三角洲相等主要沉积相类型。
根据岩石薄片、铸体薄片的观察和扫描电镜及阴极发光等分析实验结果,东河砂岩段主要的成岩作用有压溶和压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用,成岩作用阶段出现显著分异:在塔中地区成岩阶段进入晚成岩A期;而在塔北地区已进入晚成岩B期。主要的储集空间是次生粒间孔隙。
通过对东河砂岩段储层物性的研究,得出东河砂岩段塔中地区的物性相对较好,塔北地区孔隙度和渗透率均较低,并且其物性非均质性极强;储层物性受沉积相及成岩作用等多种因素的影响。
通过对东河砂岩段储层的综合研究表明,东河砂岩段塔中地区塔中4、塔中40及塔中46井区为较有利的储层。塔北地区东河砂岩段向东部隆起区尖灭,形成尖灭岩性圈闭,最为有利的区块是在距隆起区较远的东河1-哈南1-哈得5井区。
The Tarim Basin contains plenty of petroleum resources and is important base to stabilize the east and develop the west. So far, it has discovered oil and gas resources in more than 10 strata such as Cambrian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Triassic, Jurassic, Paleogene and Neogene. Donghe sandstone is distributed in Central and Northern Tarim areas. It is the most important sedimentary reservoir deposited in marine though the geology age is in dispute. Diagenesis, pore evolution and reservoir characteristics are studied in detail based on researches of the regional geological setting and depositional sequence development guided by the basic theory of the lithology and reservoir geology, combined with the comprehensive analyses of the well log, core and test datas, and the favorable exploration areas have been evaluated objectively.
Four types of sedimentary facies can be identified, such as fluvial facies, estuary facies, shore facies and fan-delta facies based on theories and approaches of sedimentology, sedimentary petrology, focused on marine clastic reservoir of Donghe sandstone of Tarim Basin, integrated with lithology, sedimentary, texture, sedimentary structure, log curve.
Observations of rock thin-sections and casting thin-sections and results of SEM and CLM analysis show that the main diagenesis of the clastic strata in the study area include compaction (pressolution), authigenic mineral cementation, metasomatism and filling and corrosion. Based on research of the characteristics and stages of diagenesis, the Donghe sandstone is mainly in the A stage of late diagenesis in the central-Tarim and B stage of late diagenesis in the northern part. The major reservoir space is mainly secondary intergranular pores.
Based on study of reservoir physical properties of the Donghe sandstone, the reservoir quality is better in the central-Tarim than in the north. In the northern-Tarim area, porosity and permeability are lower, and anisotropic is stronger. Factors affecting clastic reservoir petrophysic properties include the sequence stratigraphic framworks, the sedimentary facies and the diagenesis.
With the studies of the reservoir, the favorable reservoir locates around well Tazhong 4 to Tazhong 40 to Tazhong 46 areas in the central and well Donghe1 to Hanan1 to Hade5 areas in the northern-Tarim.
引文
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