氯化钠溶液中AZ91D镁合金缓蚀剂的研究
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摘要
镁合金因其优异的性能在航空航天、汽车和电子等工业受到青睐,但至今都没有像铝合金那样大规模地被应用,最重要的原因就是其耐蚀性差。在比较苛刻的含Cl-的介质的环境中,镁合金的耐蚀性很差。只有在PH>11.5的碱性溶液中,镁才不会受到腐蚀。解决镁合金的腐蚀问题,能够推动镁合金的全面应用,促进我国镁合金工业发展。
本文通过电化学极化曲线、全浸失重实验对一些常用缓蚀剂进行筛选并分析它们对镁合金电化学过程的影响,得出对镁合金缓蚀效果较好的四种缓蚀剂：0.7%脲—77.17%、0.5%硫脲—78.36%、0.1%SDEDTC—58.65%和0.5%咪唑—70.90%。
对筛选出来的效果较好的缓蚀剂进行有机-有机、有机-无机复配,得出各复配配方达到最佳缓蚀效率时配比分别为：0.3%硫脲+0.1%SDEDTC和0.5%硫脲+0.5%SDEDTC的缓蚀效率达到88.17%；0.3%硫脲+0.1%咪唑的缓蚀效率达到91.61%；0.5%磷酸钠+0.5%SDEDTC的缓蚀效率达到90.80%；0.1%磷酸钠+0.5%硫脲的缓蚀效率达到88.10%；0.3%磷酸钠+0.1%咪唑的缓蚀效率达到90.10%
通过对复配缓蚀剂配方缓蚀效果的研究,发现硫脲和SDEDTC、磷酸钠和SDEDTC复配在一起使用时显示出较好的缓蚀协同效应,提高了对镁合金的缓蚀效果,而且缓蚀效率均比单独使用时好；硫脲和咪唑、磷酸钠和硫脲、磷酸钠和咪唑三种复配配方虽然也有达到较好缓蚀效率的配比,但缓蚀效率随添加浓度、比例的不同而有很大的差异,相互之间没有缓蚀协同效应。经电化学测试、XPS分析认为是复配缓蚀剂相互之间有竞争吸附现象的存在,导致了随着缓蚀剂添加浓度、比例不同缓蚀效率差异很大的结果。
Magnesium alloys are widely used in the area of aerospace industry,automobile and electronic industry.Due to its bad corrosion resistance,magnesium alloys haven't been widely used as aluminium alloy. In a harsh environment with Cl-,magnesium alloys have very poor corrosion resistance.The corrosion of magnesium will not happen in the alkaline solution with pH>11.5.It is important to solve the problem of the corrosion of magnesium,so that we can promote the comprehensive application and the industrial development of magnesium alloys in our coumtry.
By using electrochemical polarization curves,full-immersion weight-loss expriment to do the selecting work and analyse their effects to the electrochemical procedure of magnesium alloy,this article gets four inhibitors with excellent inhibition efficiency for AZ91D magnesium:0.7% diaminomethanal-77.17%,0.5% thiourea-78.36%,0.1% SDEDTC-58.65%, 0.5% imidazoline-70.90%.
According to the inhibition efficiency study of the organic-organic and organic-inorganic compounds with the already selected inhibitors, we get the best inhibition efficiency of every compounds with ratios as following:with 0.3% thiourea+0.1% SDEDTC and 0.5% thiourea+0.5% SDEDTC-which both are 88.17%；with 0.3% thiourea+0.1% imidazoline-91.61%；with 0.5% Na3P04+0.5% SDEDTC-90.80%；with 0.1% Na3PO4+0.5% thiourea-88.10%；with 0.3% Na3PO4+0.1% imidazoline-90.10%.
Based on the inhibition efficiency study of inhibitor compounds,we can find that thiourea+SDEDTC and Na3PO4+SDEDTC show a very good synergistic effect.The compounds have improved the protecting effect for magnesium alloy,showing a higher inhibition efficiecy than any of the used compound inhibitors.
Though the inhibitor compounds of thiourea+imidazoline,Na3PO4+ thiourea and Na3PO4+imidazoline also showed a better inhibition efficiency with certain ratios,the ihhibition efficiency varies with changes of concertration and ratio.They don't have synergistic effect with each other. According to the electrochemical tests and XPS analysis,it is believed that between the inhibitors exists competitive adsorption,which leads to the result that the ihhibition efficiency varies when concertration and ratio of inhibitor changes.
本文通过电化学极化曲线、全浸失重实验对一些常用缓蚀剂进行筛选并分析它们对镁合金电化学过程的影响,得出对镁合金缓蚀效果较好的四种缓蚀剂：0.7%脲—77.17%、0.5%硫脲—78.36%、0.1%SDEDTC—58.65%和0.5%咪唑—70.90%。
对筛选出来的效果较好的缓蚀剂进行有机-有机、有机-无机复配,得出各复配配方达到最佳缓蚀效率时配比分别为：0.3%硫脲+0.1%SDEDTC和0.5%硫脲+0.5%SDEDTC的缓蚀效率达到88.17%；0.3%硫脲+0.1%咪唑的缓蚀效率达到91.61%；0.5%磷酸钠+0.5%SDEDTC的缓蚀效率达到90.80%；0.1%磷酸钠+0.5%硫脲的缓蚀效率达到88.10%；0.3%磷酸钠+0.1%咪唑的缓蚀效率达到90.10%
通过对复配缓蚀剂配方缓蚀效果的研究,发现硫脲和SDEDTC、磷酸钠和SDEDTC复配在一起使用时显示出较好的缓蚀协同效应,提高了对镁合金的缓蚀效果,而且缓蚀效率均比单独使用时好；硫脲和咪唑、磷酸钠和硫脲、磷酸钠和咪唑三种复配配方虽然也有达到较好缓蚀效率的配比,但缓蚀效率随添加浓度、比例的不同而有很大的差异,相互之间没有缓蚀协同效应。经电化学测试、XPS分析认为是复配缓蚀剂相互之间有竞争吸附现象的存在,导致了随着缓蚀剂添加浓度、比例不同缓蚀效率差异很大的结果。
Magnesium alloys are widely used in the area of aerospace industry,automobile and electronic industry.Due to its bad corrosion resistance,magnesium alloys haven't been widely used as aluminium alloy. In a harsh environment with Cl-,magnesium alloys have very poor corrosion resistance.The corrosion of magnesium will not happen in the alkaline solution with pH>11.5.It is important to solve the problem of the corrosion of magnesium,so that we can promote the comprehensive application and the industrial development of magnesium alloys in our coumtry.
By using electrochemical polarization curves,full-immersion weight-loss expriment to do the selecting work and analyse their effects to the electrochemical procedure of magnesium alloy,this article gets four inhibitors with excellent inhibition efficiency for AZ91D magnesium:0.7% diaminomethanal-77.17%,0.5% thiourea-78.36%,0.1% SDEDTC-58.65%, 0.5% imidazoline-70.90%.
According to the inhibition efficiency study of the organic-organic and organic-inorganic compounds with the already selected inhibitors, we get the best inhibition efficiency of every compounds with ratios as following:with 0.3% thiourea+0.1% SDEDTC and 0.5% thiourea+0.5% SDEDTC-which both are 88.17%；with 0.3% thiourea+0.1% imidazoline-91.61%；with 0.5% Na3P04+0.5% SDEDTC-90.80%；with 0.1% Na3PO4+0.5% thiourea-88.10%；with 0.3% Na3PO4+0.1% imidazoline-90.10%.
Based on the inhibition efficiency study of inhibitor compounds,we can find that thiourea+SDEDTC and Na3PO4+SDEDTC show a very good synergistic effect.The compounds have improved the protecting effect for magnesium alloy,showing a higher inhibition efficiecy than any of the used compound inhibitors.
Though the inhibitor compounds of thiourea+imidazoline,Na3PO4+ thiourea and Na3PO4+imidazoline also showed a better inhibition efficiency with certain ratios,the ihhibition efficiency varies with changes of concertration and ratio.They don't have synergistic effect with each other. According to the electrochemical tests and XPS analysis,it is believed that between the inhibitors exists competitive adsorption,which leads to the result that the ihhibition efficiency varies when concertration and ratio of inhibitor changes.
引文
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