资源型城市发展评价与转型决策研究
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摘要
现今很多资源型城市即将面临资源枯竭的现状,这些资源型城市的发展转型是世界性的趋势,我国已对促进资源型城市可持续发展进行了全面部署。从本质上而言,资源型城市转型是城市发展方式的必要途径,目标是促进经济社会的可持续发展,而发展转型的关键又在于产业结构调整和优化升级。社会经济要实现健康持续的发展,就必须要正确处理资源开发利用与经济可持续发展的关系,正确处理生态效益与社会效益、经济效益的关系,正确处理长远利益与当前利益的关系。
随着时间的推移,许多一路开采不可再生资源的城市会面临资源的枯竭期,而因此带来的经济社会矛盾也会有很多,因此很有必要对资源型城市发展进行评价和决策研究,为更多资源型城市提供借鉴参考。
本文首先介绍了资源型城市的概念,从资源型城市的概念入手,介绍了资源型城市的界定,以及资源型城市和资源枯竭型城市的特征,并且分析了资源型城市发展转型的相关概念。在分析资源型城市及其特点的基础上,阐述了资源型城市发展转型的的意义。在介绍了模型构建的基本原则和假设条件后,从系统分析资源型城市转型现状入手,结合国内外关于资源型城市转型发展的成果,根据资源型城市发展的评价影响因素分析,定性和定量相结合,确定转型评价指标和方法,构建了经济指标、社会指标、资源指标和环境指标这四个指标构成的指标体系,用层次分析法和模糊评价法对各个指标进行权重的确定和总体模型构建。并且对城市的决策分析的原则进行了说明。最后对湖北大冶市进行了实证研究,首先对大冶市的现状进行分析,然后运用建立的城市发展评价体系对大冶市的转型做了评价分析,最后根据评价指标体系的结果,对大冶市转型进行了评价结果分析,并且提出了相应的综合策略,为其他资源枯竭型城市转型提供了参考。在总结与展望部分,给出了本文的结论、创新之处及未来研究方向。
Today a lot of resources-based cities will soon face the status of resource depletion, these resource-based urban development is a worldwide trend of transformation, our country has right to promote the sustainable development of resource-based cities of the full deployment. In essence, the transformation of resource-based cities is anecessary means of urban development approach, the objective of promoting sustainable economic and social development, which is also the key to the transformation of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading. To achieve healthy and sustained socio-economic development, it is necessary to correctly handle the exploitation of natural resources and the relationship between sustainable economic development and correctly handle the ecological benefits and social benefits, economic relations, properly handle the long-term interests with the current interests.
As time goes by, many of exploitation of non-renewable resources the way the city will face resource depletion period, and therefore the economic and social contradictions will also be many, it is necessary for the transformation of resource-based urban development, evaluation and policy research for more reference of resource-based cities.
This paper introduces the concept of resource-based cities, the concept ofresource-based cities from the start, introducing the definition of resource-based cities, as well as resource-based cities and resource-exhausted cities, features, and analysis of the transformation of resource-based urban development concepts. In the analysis of resource-based cities and its characteristics, based on the resource-based urban development expounded the meaning of transformation. In introducing the model to build the basic principles and assumptions, the transformation from a systematic analysis of present situation of resource-based cities, combined with resource-based cities at home and abroad on the transformation of the fruits of development, according to the transformation of resource-based assessment of urban development, the impact factor analysis, qualitative and quantitative combined to determine the transformation of evaluation indicators and methods to build the economic indicators, social indicators, resource indicators and environmental indicators of the four indicators form the indicator system using AHP and fuzzy evaluation method of various indicators to determine the weights and the overall model building. And the city the principles of decision analysis are described. Finally, Hubei Daye city in empirical studies, starting with the current situation of Daye city, a qualitative analysis, and then the use of established evaluation system for urban development, the transformation of Daye city has done a evaluation and analysis, the final results of the evaluation index system of Daye city in transition, was evaluated analyzing the results and put forward the corresponding integrated strategy for the transformation of other resource-exhausted cities to provide a reference. In conclusion, with the outlook section gives the conclusions of this paper, innovations and future research directions.
随着时间的推移,许多一路开采不可再生资源的城市会面临资源的枯竭期,而因此带来的经济社会矛盾也会有很多,因此很有必要对资源型城市发展进行评价和决策研究,为更多资源型城市提供借鉴参考。
本文首先介绍了资源型城市的概念,从资源型城市的概念入手,介绍了资源型城市的界定,以及资源型城市和资源枯竭型城市的特征,并且分析了资源型城市发展转型的相关概念。在分析资源型城市及其特点的基础上,阐述了资源型城市发展转型的的意义。在介绍了模型构建的基本原则和假设条件后,从系统分析资源型城市转型现状入手,结合国内外关于资源型城市转型发展的成果,根据资源型城市发展的评价影响因素分析,定性和定量相结合,确定转型评价指标和方法,构建了经济指标、社会指标、资源指标和环境指标这四个指标构成的指标体系,用层次分析法和模糊评价法对各个指标进行权重的确定和总体模型构建。并且对城市的决策分析的原则进行了说明。最后对湖北大冶市进行了实证研究,首先对大冶市的现状进行分析,然后运用建立的城市发展评价体系对大冶市的转型做了评价分析,最后根据评价指标体系的结果,对大冶市转型进行了评价结果分析,并且提出了相应的综合策略,为其他资源枯竭型城市转型提供了参考。在总结与展望部分,给出了本文的结论、创新之处及未来研究方向。
Today a lot of resources-based cities will soon face the status of resource depletion, these resource-based urban development is a worldwide trend of transformation, our country has right to promote the sustainable development of resource-based cities of the full deployment. In essence, the transformation of resource-based cities is anecessary means of urban development approach, the objective of promoting sustainable economic and social development, which is also the key to the transformation of industrial structure adjustment and optimization and upgrading. To achieve healthy and sustained socio-economic development, it is necessary to correctly handle the exploitation of natural resources and the relationship between sustainable economic development and correctly handle the ecological benefits and social benefits, economic relations, properly handle the long-term interests with the current interests.
As time goes by, many of exploitation of non-renewable resources the way the city will face resource depletion period, and therefore the economic and social contradictions will also be many, it is necessary for the transformation of resource-based urban development, evaluation and policy research for more reference of resource-based cities.
This paper introduces the concept of resource-based cities, the concept ofresource-based cities from the start, introducing the definition of resource-based cities, as well as resource-based cities and resource-exhausted cities, features, and analysis of the transformation of resource-based urban development concepts. In the analysis of resource-based cities and its characteristics, based on the resource-based urban development expounded the meaning of transformation. In introducing the model to build the basic principles and assumptions, the transformation from a systematic analysis of present situation of resource-based cities, combined with resource-based cities at home and abroad on the transformation of the fruits of development, according to the transformation of resource-based assessment of urban development, the impact factor analysis, qualitative and quantitative combined to determine the transformation of evaluation indicators and methods to build the economic indicators, social indicators, resource indicators and environmental indicators of the four indicators form the indicator system using AHP and fuzzy evaluation method of various indicators to determine the weights and the overall model building. And the city the principles of decision analysis are described. Finally, Hubei Daye city in empirical studies, starting with the current situation of Daye city, a qualitative analysis, and then the use of established evaluation system for urban development, the transformation of Daye city has done a evaluation and analysis, the final results of the evaluation index system of Daye city in transition, was evaluated analyzing the results and put forward the corresponding integrated strategy for the transformation of other resource-exhausted cities to provide a reference. In conclusion, with the outlook section gives the conclusions of this paper, innovations and future research directions.
引文
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[2] D.Humphreys. Sustainable developmentxan the mining industry afford it Resources[J].Policy 27, 2001: 1-7.
[3] Dieter D. Genske.Urban Land Degradation Investigation Remediation [J].Berlin: Springe-verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2003: 55—60.
[4] Dragan Grgic, Franc, oise Homand, Dashnor Hoxha. A short-and long-term rheological model to understand the collapses of iron mines in Lorraine,France [J]. Computers and Geotechnics 30,2003, 557—570.
[5] Fred LangewegU. The implementation of Agenda 21 our common future [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 1998: 227—238.
[6] Gary A.Campbell. Mark Roberts.Urbanization and mining:a case study of Michigan [J].Resources Policy 29, 2003: 49.
[7] Gavin Hilson,Barbara Murck,Sustainable development in the mining industry:clarifying the corporate perspective [J]. Resources Policy, 2000: 227—238.
[8] Geoff Ricks. Practical aspects of sustainable mineral development [J]. Applied Earth Science,2003: 143.
[9] Heriberto Cabezas, Christopher W, Pawlowskil, Audrey L.Mayer, N.Theresa Hoagland. Sustainable systems theory:ecological and other aspects [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2005:455-467.
[10] Herman E, Daly , Kenneth N.Townsend. Valuing The Earth:Economics. Ecology, Ethics [J]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993: 1—50.
[11] J.Asafu-Adjaye, R.Mahadevan. How cost efficient are Australia's mining industries [J].Energy Economics 25, 2003 : 315—329.
[12] Korhonen J. Four ecosystem Principles for an industrial ecosystem [J]. Journal of Cleaner Produetion, 2001, 9(3):255-259.
[13] Marcello M.Veiga, Malcolm Scoble, Mary Louise Mc Allister. Mining with communities [J].Natural Resources Forum,2001: 191—202.
[14] Mehlum, Halvor, Moene, etal. Institutions and the resource curse [J].The Economic Journal,2006.
[15] Onishi T. A capacity approach for sustainable urban development:an empirical study [J].Regional studies, 1994.
[16]R.K.Amankwah,C.Anim-Sackey.Strategies for sustainable development of the small-scale gold and diamond mining industry of Ghana[J].Resources Policy 29,2003:31-138.
[17]Turlough F,Guerin.Why sustainable innovations are not always adopted[J].Resources,Conservation&Recycling,2001:1-18.
[18]Twelfth Session.Secretariat of the Commission on Sustainable Development[J].Commission on Sustainable Development,2004:157-159.
[19]Walter B et al.Sustainable cities:concepts and strategies for eco-city development[M].1994.
[20]Walter Seifritz.What is Sustainable Development?An Attempt to Interpret it as a SolitonPhenomenon[J].Chaos.Solitons&Fractals,1996.
[21]Wolfram Dunger,Manfred Wanner.Development of soil fauna at mine sites during 46 years after afforestation[J].Pedobiologia,2001:243-271.
[22]张以诚.我国矿业城市现状和可持续发展对策[J].中国矿业大学学报,1999.
[23]万会,沈镭.我国资源枯竭型矿业城市亟待经济转型[J].矿业快报,2004(07).
[24]张米尔,武春友.资源型城市产业转型障碍与对策研究[J].经济理论与经济管理,2001(02).
[25]许光洪.我国矿业城市的产业结构调整及其发展途径[J].中国人口资源与环境,1998年01期.
[26]吕国平,刘法宪.矿业城市:调整生命周期 促进可持续发展[J].中国地质矿产经济,2002(05).
[27]杨荫凯.资源枯竭型城市怎样实现结构调整[J].宏观经济管理,2002(01).
[28]郑伯红.资源型城市的可持续发展优化及案例研究[J].云南地理环境研究,1999(01).
[29]陈荣平.资源型城市现代化转型的概念性分析框架[J].城市规划汇刊,2003(05).
[30]谢守祥.矿区产业结构演变对矿区生态系统的影响[J].煤炭经济研究,2003(05).
[31]刘祥,孟浩.创新集成:矿业城市可持续发展的有效途径[J].城市问题,2003(04).
[32]樊杰.我国煤矿城市产业结构转换问题研究[J].地理学报,1993(03).
[33]张以诚.资源型城市与可持续发展[M].社会科学文献出版社,1998.
[34]齐建珍.资源型城市转型学[M].人民出版社,2004.
[35]卢巍,张晓文,李晓敏.以投资和消费为基点促进资源枯竭型城市的转型[J].中国科技信息,2008(08).
[36]刘宝华,段静.资源枯竭型城市产业结构凋整与转型研究[J].煤矿技术,2008(06).
[37]姜春海,王竹梅.资源枯竭型城市产业转型的机制分析[J].研究报告,2007(04).
[38]薛巍.资源枯竭型城市经济转型实证分析[J].煤炭经济研究,2007(08).
[39]秦隆澍,赵春香.辽宁省资源枯竭型城市经济转型战略与对策研究[J].有色矿治,2008(06).
[40]赵东芳,张国柱.选准白银资源枯竭城市经济转型的着力点[J].甘肃金融,2008(06).
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