城市产业发展与空间结构演变关系研究
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摘要
随着经济全球化和信息化的到来,世界范围内的产业结构与空间格局必然要进行重大调整,不可避免的将我国各县级市产业结构的重组纳入到国际分工体系中,这会进一步加快我国经济的结构性调整。产业发展与空间结构演变是城市经济增长与发展过程中两个十分重要方面,并且两者的相互关系也是学者们研究的热点。产业结构调整必然会引起生产要素(资源、资金、劳动力、技术等)在产业内部的流动和生产要素的空间聚集,并引起城市规模、功能的改变,从而对城市外部空间形态演化和内部空间结构的重组产生重大影响。因此,产业发展是城市空间结构演变的重要推力。另一方面,城市空间结构演变也为产业的升级提供了空间支撑。相反,如果产业发展与空间结构演变之间缺乏良性互动和协调机制,造成低级的产业无力支撑城市空间结构演变和城市经济的发展;或者是不合理的城市空间结构也难以成为产业提升的平台。因此,研究产业发展与城市空间结构演变之间的协调发展,探讨两者之间的互动规律,可为城市制定合理的产业政策,推动城市空间结构优化,有利于促进城市经济和社会的健康发展。
兰州市作为西部典型的河谷城市,面临产业结构调整和城市空间结构优化的两大战略性任务。1953年以来,兰州市经过国家“一五”、“三五”的重点扶持,逐步形成了以重型化工为主的工业特点,但是由于其特殊的产业发展历程,导致不合理的产业结构严重制约着城市空间结构的发展。总体来看,兰州市产业结构和城市空间结构演变还未能实现良性互动。因此,对如何调整和优化兰州市的产业结构,促进产业结构的升级,以便更好指导兰州城市空间的发展,是一个亟待探讨和研究的课题。
本文分为七部分。第一部分阐述了本文的研究背景、目的、意义与方法,重点分析了国内外研究综述。第二部分主要阐述了产业发展与空间结构演变关系的理论研究。第三部分分别从自然环境特征、社会经济概况、历史沿革对兰州市概况作了简要的介绍。第四部分分析了不同时期兰州市产业发展轨迹和产业发展现状。第五部分是兰州市产业发展的空间结构响应过程,顺着城市产业发展的历史脉络,分别城市内部空间结构响应过程、外部空间结构响应过程进行归纳总结,并分析了城市内外空间结构响应的主要驱动机制。第六部分分析了兰州市产业发展与空间结构的相互制约作用。第七部分在上述基础上,提出了兰州市产业发展战略与空间结构优化策略。
With the coming of globalization of economy, the worldwide industrial activities and spatial pattern will be greatly changed, and the industrial restructuring of cities in china will also be integrated into the international division of labor system, which will further accelerate China's economic structural adjustment. Industrial development and urban spatial structure plays an important role in the development of city economy, and the relationship between them is also a hot research by most scholars. Industrial restructuring is surely able to arouse flow as well as the gathering of the industrial elements (resources, capital, labor force, technology, etc.) within industries, arouses city scale, functional changing, produces significant effect on city outside space form evolution and inside space structure restructuring. So the development of the industry is an important thrust to the evolution of urban spatial structure. On the other hand, the evolution of urban spatial structure has also provided geospatial support for upgrading industries. On the contrary, the lack of positive interactions and coordination mechanism between the evolution of urban spatial structure and industrial development would result in a junior industries being unable to support the evolution of urban spatial structure and urban economic development; or the evolution of urban spatial structure is unreasonable which be difficult to become industrial upgrading platform. Therefore, it can provide reasonable policy for the urban development of industry and promote the structural optimization of urban space to study the role mechanism between the development of industrial and the evolution of urban spatial structure, and to explore the interaction law. This will promote healthful development of city's economy and society.
Lanzhou City as a typical western of the valley-city, faced industrial restructuring and urban spatial structure optimization of the two major strategic task. Since 1953, Lanzhou City support by country's policy and gradually formed a heavy chemical industrial characteristics, but because of its special development of the industry, leading to irrational industrial structure severely constrained spatial structure of the city's development. Overall, the industrial structure and evolution of space structure of Lanzhou City can not achieve positive interaction. Therefore, how to adjust and optimize the industrial structure in Lanzhou City, and promote the upgrading of industrial structure, so as to better guide the development of space in Lanzhou city, which is a need to explore and study the subject.
This paper is divided into seven parts. The first part sets forth the research background, purpose, meaning and methods, the focus of the review at home and abroad. The second part focuses on the theoretical study about relations between the development of industrial and the evolution of urban spatial structure. The third part gives a brief introduction from the natural environment characteristic, society economy, history evolution of Lanzhou City. The fourth part gives industrial development track and industrial current situation in different industrial development era of Lanzhou City. The fifth part is the industrial development of spatial structure response process of Lanzhou City, industrial development along the city's history, respectively from the internal space structural response process, the external space structural response process in summary and analysis urban spatial structure inside and outside the main response Drive mechanism. The sixth part analyses the mutual restraint effect that of the Lanzhou City Industrial Development and structure of the space constraints of each other. The Seventh part puts forward space industry development strategy and structural optimization strategy in Lanzhou City.
兰州市作为西部典型的河谷城市,面临产业结构调整和城市空间结构优化的两大战略性任务。1953年以来,兰州市经过国家“一五”、“三五”的重点扶持,逐步形成了以重型化工为主的工业特点,但是由于其特殊的产业发展历程,导致不合理的产业结构严重制约着城市空间结构的发展。总体来看,兰州市产业结构和城市空间结构演变还未能实现良性互动。因此,对如何调整和优化兰州市的产业结构,促进产业结构的升级,以便更好指导兰州城市空间的发展,是一个亟待探讨和研究的课题。
本文分为七部分。第一部分阐述了本文的研究背景、目的、意义与方法,重点分析了国内外研究综述。第二部分主要阐述了产业发展与空间结构演变关系的理论研究。第三部分分别从自然环境特征、社会经济概况、历史沿革对兰州市概况作了简要的介绍。第四部分分析了不同时期兰州市产业发展轨迹和产业发展现状。第五部分是兰州市产业发展的空间结构响应过程,顺着城市产业发展的历史脉络,分别城市内部空间结构响应过程、外部空间结构响应过程进行归纳总结,并分析了城市内外空间结构响应的主要驱动机制。第六部分分析了兰州市产业发展与空间结构的相互制约作用。第七部分在上述基础上,提出了兰州市产业发展战略与空间结构优化策略。
With the coming of globalization of economy, the worldwide industrial activities and spatial pattern will be greatly changed, and the industrial restructuring of cities in china will also be integrated into the international division of labor system, which will further accelerate China's economic structural adjustment. Industrial development and urban spatial structure plays an important role in the development of city economy, and the relationship between them is also a hot research by most scholars. Industrial restructuring is surely able to arouse flow as well as the gathering of the industrial elements (resources, capital, labor force, technology, etc.) within industries, arouses city scale, functional changing, produces significant effect on city outside space form evolution and inside space structure restructuring. So the development of the industry is an important thrust to the evolution of urban spatial structure. On the other hand, the evolution of urban spatial structure has also provided geospatial support for upgrading industries. On the contrary, the lack of positive interactions and coordination mechanism between the evolution of urban spatial structure and industrial development would result in a junior industries being unable to support the evolution of urban spatial structure and urban economic development; or the evolution of urban spatial structure is unreasonable which be difficult to become industrial upgrading platform. Therefore, it can provide reasonable policy for the urban development of industry and promote the structural optimization of urban space to study the role mechanism between the development of industrial and the evolution of urban spatial structure, and to explore the interaction law. This will promote healthful development of city's economy and society.
Lanzhou City as a typical western of the valley-city, faced industrial restructuring and urban spatial structure optimization of the two major strategic task. Since 1953, Lanzhou City support by country's policy and gradually formed a heavy chemical industrial characteristics, but because of its special development of the industry, leading to irrational industrial structure severely constrained spatial structure of the city's development. Overall, the industrial structure and evolution of space structure of Lanzhou City can not achieve positive interaction. Therefore, how to adjust and optimize the industrial structure in Lanzhou City, and promote the upgrading of industrial structure, so as to better guide the development of space in Lanzhou city, which is a need to explore and study the subject.
This paper is divided into seven parts. The first part sets forth the research background, purpose, meaning and methods, the focus of the review at home and abroad. The second part focuses on the theoretical study about relations between the development of industrial and the evolution of urban spatial structure. The third part gives a brief introduction from the natural environment characteristic, society economy, history evolution of Lanzhou City. The fourth part gives industrial development track and industrial current situation in different industrial development era of Lanzhou City. The fifth part is the industrial development of spatial structure response process of Lanzhou City, industrial development along the city's history, respectively from the internal space structural response process, the external space structural response process in summary and analysis urban spatial structure inside and outside the main response Drive mechanism. The sixth part analyses the mutual restraint effect that of the Lanzhou City Industrial Development and structure of the space constraints of each other. The Seventh part puts forward space industry development strategy and structural optimization strategy in Lanzhou City.
引文
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[18]邓清华.城市空间结构的历史演变[J].地理与地理信息科学,2005,21(6):78-85
[19]周年兴,俞孔坚,李迪华.信息时代城市功能及其空间结构的变迁[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(2):69-72
[20]韦亚平.概念、理念、理论与分析框架-城市空间界发展战略研究的几个方法论问题[J].城市规划学刊,2006(1):75-79
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[22]袁丽丽,黄绿筠.城市土地空间结构演变及其驱动机制分析[J].城市发展研究,2005,12(1):64-69
[23]高颖,义乌市产业发展与空间结构优化的研究[D],浙江大学,2005,3
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[25]鲜肖威,张林源,艾南山等:《自然环境、人为因素与城市聚落发展的关系》,地理科学,1983(3)
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[27]鲜肖威:《兰州城市聚落的形成与发展》,地理研究,1982(2)
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[30]何福赞,罗文.九江市城市产业结构与城市空间结构形态关系及其发展趋势的探讨[J].现代城市研究.1994(4):23-28
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