郑州市都市农业发展研究
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摘要
都市农业,作为集生态功能、社会功能和经济功能为一体的新型现代农业,在城市化不断推进以及城市生态环境不断面临威胁的背景下,越来越备受人们的关注,成为城市化建设和城市现代化发展的重要组成部分。进入21世纪,国内各大城市已经充分认识到都市农业已成为城市农业重要发展方向这一必然趋势,相继制定了符合自身发展的都市农业发展规划并加快付诸实践,努力在新一轮城市建设中抓住战略机遇,抢占城市农业发展先机。
2011年中原经济区建设上升为国家战略,为郑州市进一步提升城市建设,推进城市化进程带来了新的契机。目前郑州市已经提出要以中原经济区的核心区标准来打造郑州市都市区,而郑州市都市农业,作为新型都市区农业发展的重要形式,也必将成为郑州市都市区建设不可或缺的组成部分。因此,如何又好又快的发展郑州市都市农业,不仅具有现实意义,同样也具有长远的战略意义。
本文的总体研究思路如下：第一,本文从都市农业的理论以及实践两个角度出发,概述并总结了都市农业的涵义、特点、功能以及发展模式,为下文进一步探讨郑州市都市农业奠定理论基础。
第二,本文在都市农业理论基础上,归纳总结了郑州市都市农业的发展特点并针对都市农业的发展现状进行了定性分析。分析认为郑州市都市农业在总体规划、产业结构调整、示范区建设、生态农业发展、建设资金来源以及人才培养上存在诸多问题。
第三,为保证分析问题的科学性和全面性,本文从定量分析的角度,构建了都市农业发展评价体系,并运用主成分分析法对郑州市都市农业发展水平进行评价,得出郑州市都市农业发展水平处于初级水平,存在农业经济效益不高,农业产业结构不合理两大突出问题,同时得出了生态农业发展具有潜力的结论,与定性分析的结果保持了一致性。另外本文运用区位商法,对郑州市市郊县的农业产业优势进行评价,为郑州市都市农业的确定主导产业以及产业合理布局提供科学依据。
第四,结合定性分析和定量分析的结果,本文提出了郑州市都市农业的发展思路,认为郑州市都市农业应该走先经济功能、生态功能后经济功能、社会功能、生态功能兼顾发展的渐进式发展模式,确定了十大主导产业和圈层式的发展布局,并针对定性分析和定量分析共同提出的问题,提出了具体的对策建议。
Urban agriculture, as a new style agriculture including ecological function, social function and economic functions, more and more attracts the mass'attention and plays an important apart in city constructions when urbanization process is moving forward and urban ecological environment is facing threats. Entering into21st century, major cities come to realize that the urban agriculture will become the development of this inevitable trend. So they are making their own development plan of urban agriculture. At the same time, they want to seize the strategic opportunities in the new round of cities'constructions.
Central Plains Economic Zone has raised to national strategies in2011.This is bringing Zhengzhou city a new opportunity. The government has proposed to construct the urban areas in Zhengzhou city which is becoming the core area of the Central Plains Economic Zone. Urban agriculture in Zhengzhou city, as an important part of a new style, urban agriculture will be absolutely necessary content of construction of urban areas in Zhengzhou city. So how to develop modern agriculture fast and well is not only a practical significance but also a long-term strategic significance.
The general idea of this paper is as follows:firstly,based on the theory and practice of urban agriculture, this paper summarizes the meaning of urban agriculture, characteristics, functions and mode of development, and establishes the theoretical foundation for next part.
Secondly, this paper summarizes the characters of urban agriculture development in Zhengzhou city and makes qualitative analysis for development status of urban agriculture in Zhengzhou city. The paper thinks that there are some problems in master plan、industrial structure、 demonstration area、 ecological agriculture development、 construction funding sources and talents.
Thirdly, in order to ensure the scientific analysis of the problem and comprehensiveness, this paper builds evaluation system of urban agriculture development by quantitative analysis, and evaluates the level of agricultural development in Zhengzhou by principal component analysis. This analysis thinks that the development level in Zhengzhou city is primary level. What's more, there are two outstanding issues that economic efficiency of agriculture is not high, industrial structure of agriculture are irrational. At the same time, the paper thinks that ecological agriculture development is potential, which consistent with the results of qualitative analysis. The paper evaluates advantages of suburban agricultural industry by location quotient and provides scientific basis for rational distribution of industry and the choices for leading industries.
Fourthly, combined with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the results, this paper presents the development of urban agriculture Zhengzhou ideas, and thinks that Zhengzhou urban agriculture that should go economic ecological function model at first, and then go economic function, social function, ecological function simultaneously development model. What's more, the paper identifies the top ten leading industries and circle-style layout of the development. At last, for the common questions of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the paper makes specific suggestions.
2011年中原经济区建设上升为国家战略,为郑州市进一步提升城市建设,推进城市化进程带来了新的契机。目前郑州市已经提出要以中原经济区的核心区标准来打造郑州市都市区,而郑州市都市农业,作为新型都市区农业发展的重要形式,也必将成为郑州市都市区建设不可或缺的组成部分。因此,如何又好又快的发展郑州市都市农业,不仅具有现实意义,同样也具有长远的战略意义。
本文的总体研究思路如下：第一,本文从都市农业的理论以及实践两个角度出发,概述并总结了都市农业的涵义、特点、功能以及发展模式,为下文进一步探讨郑州市都市农业奠定理论基础。
第二,本文在都市农业理论基础上,归纳总结了郑州市都市农业的发展特点并针对都市农业的发展现状进行了定性分析。分析认为郑州市都市农业在总体规划、产业结构调整、示范区建设、生态农业发展、建设资金来源以及人才培养上存在诸多问题。
第三,为保证分析问题的科学性和全面性,本文从定量分析的角度,构建了都市农业发展评价体系,并运用主成分分析法对郑州市都市农业发展水平进行评价,得出郑州市都市农业发展水平处于初级水平,存在农业经济效益不高,农业产业结构不合理两大突出问题,同时得出了生态农业发展具有潜力的结论,与定性分析的结果保持了一致性。另外本文运用区位商法,对郑州市市郊县的农业产业优势进行评价,为郑州市都市农业的确定主导产业以及产业合理布局提供科学依据。
第四,结合定性分析和定量分析的结果,本文提出了郑州市都市农业的发展思路,认为郑州市都市农业应该走先经济功能、生态功能后经济功能、社会功能、生态功能兼顾发展的渐进式发展模式,确定了十大主导产业和圈层式的发展布局,并针对定性分析和定量分析共同提出的问题,提出了具体的对策建议。
Urban agriculture, as a new style agriculture including ecological function, social function and economic functions, more and more attracts the mass'attention and plays an important apart in city constructions when urbanization process is moving forward and urban ecological environment is facing threats. Entering into21st century, major cities come to realize that the urban agriculture will become the development of this inevitable trend. So they are making their own development plan of urban agriculture. At the same time, they want to seize the strategic opportunities in the new round of cities'constructions.
Central Plains Economic Zone has raised to national strategies in2011.This is bringing Zhengzhou city a new opportunity. The government has proposed to construct the urban areas in Zhengzhou city which is becoming the core area of the Central Plains Economic Zone. Urban agriculture in Zhengzhou city, as an important part of a new style, urban agriculture will be absolutely necessary content of construction of urban areas in Zhengzhou city. So how to develop modern agriculture fast and well is not only a practical significance but also a long-term strategic significance.
The general idea of this paper is as follows:firstly,based on the theory and practice of urban agriculture, this paper summarizes the meaning of urban agriculture, characteristics, functions and mode of development, and establishes the theoretical foundation for next part.
Secondly, this paper summarizes the characters of urban agriculture development in Zhengzhou city and makes qualitative analysis for development status of urban agriculture in Zhengzhou city. The paper thinks that there are some problems in master plan、industrial structure、 demonstration area、 ecological agriculture development、 construction funding sources and talents.
Thirdly, in order to ensure the scientific analysis of the problem and comprehensiveness, this paper builds evaluation system of urban agriculture development by quantitative analysis, and evaluates the level of agricultural development in Zhengzhou by principal component analysis. This analysis thinks that the development level in Zhengzhou city is primary level. What's more, there are two outstanding issues that economic efficiency of agriculture is not high, industrial structure of agriculture are irrational. At the same time, the paper thinks that ecological agriculture development is potential, which consistent with the results of qualitative analysis. The paper evaluates advantages of suburban agricultural industry by location quotient and provides scientific basis for rational distribution of industry and the choices for leading industries.
Fourthly, combined with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the results, this paper presents the development of urban agriculture Zhengzhou ideas, and thinks that Zhengzhou urban agriculture that should go economic ecological function model at first, and then go economic function, social function, ecological function simultaneously development model. What's more, the paper identifies the top ten leading industries and circle-style layout of the development. At last, for the common questions of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the paper makes specific suggestions.
引文
[1]俞菊生.都市农业的理论与创新体系构筑[J].农业现代化研究1999.7(20)
[2]青鹿四郎.农业经济地理[M].东京：农文协,1935；185页
[3]赵建庭.郑州市都市农业发展研究[D].河南农业大学.2009.5
[4]周维宏.论日本都市农业的概念变迁和发展状况[J].日本学刊.2009.4
[5]桥本卓尔.都市农业的理论与政策：农业年鉴序言[M].日本：京东法律文化社,1995：80-89
[6]俞菊生.都市农业与创新体系[J]中国农学通报.1999.3
[7]周维宏.论日本都市农业的概念变迁和发展状况[J].日本学刊.2009.7
[8]吴兰铭.重庆推行现代都市型农业发展战略势在必行[J].重庆经济.2004.11
[9]孙仲彝.谈谈上海农业从都市型与城郊型结合到构建都市型农业体系[J]上海农村经济.1996(5)：21-22
[10]顾吾浩.建设具有上海特点的都市型农业[J],中国农村经济.1996.10
[11]张占耕.必须正确认识都市农业[J].上海农村经济.1996.10
[12]周德翼,杨海娟.城市农业的理论与实践研究[J].中国农村观察报告.1997.7
[13]李永强,赵庆河,史朝晖.都市农业研究若干基本问题[J].调研世界.1999.4
[14]方志权.论都市农业的基本特征、产生背景与功能[J].农业现代化研究.1999.10
[15]于战平.都市农业理论探讨[J].农业经济.2001.7
[16]刘颖,许为.都市农业研究进展[J].江汉论坛.2008.6
[17]刘长云.国外都市农业发展经验对我国的启示[J].世界地理研究.2006.6
[18]廖森泰,周灿芳,郑业鲁.都市农业发展传统理论与创新思路[J].广东农业科学.2007.1
[19]许圣道.孔喜梅,河南城市化进程中的都市农业发展问题[J].河南社会科学.2010.7
[20]方志权,吴方卫,王威.中国都市农业理论若干争议问题综述[J].中国农学通报.2008.8
[21]京政农发[2005]66号《关于加快发展都市农业指导意见》
[22]商都农网.郑州市精品休闲线路http://www.sdnw.gov.cn/xiangcunyou/disanji/show-35498.html
[23]韩士元.都市农业的内涵特征和评价标准[J].天津社会科学.2002.2
[24]果雅静,高尚宾,吴华杰,刘口蔚,吴文良,张军任.都市农业综合水平评价方法研究[J].中国生态农业学报.2008.3
[25]王辉.“两型社会”建设背景下长株潭城市群都市农业发展研究[D].湖南农业大学.2012.4
[26]邱化蛟.北京都市农业的可持续性分析和评价[D].中国农业大学.2005.5
[27]关海玲.都市农业发展评价与对策研究[D].北京林业大学.2010.4
[28]刘雪,付泽田,常虹.我国蔬菜生产区域比较优势分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2002,7(2)：1-6.
[29]五年后我市将建成10个现代农业综合示范区.郑州晚报数字报.2012.3.28http://zzwb.zynews.com/html/2012-03/28/content_356589.htm
[30]郑州力争5年完成都市农业示范区“136工程”建设.人民网河南频道http://henan.people.com.cn/news/2012/03/27/605669.html
[31]林长远.福建都市农业建设现状与发展对策研究[D].福建农林大学.2008.4
[32]刘长云,李尊明.郑州市都市农业发展有利条件及产业模式研究[J].2007.2
[33]张林锋.西安市现代都市农业发展建设研究[D].吉林农业大学.2008.6
[34]顾晓君.都市农业多功能发展研究[D].中国农业科学院.2007.6
[35]张天懿,金彦平.天津市都市型现代农业发展研究[J].农业经济.2011.2
[36]于爱芝,程晓曦,刘莹,丁新萌.北京市都市农业的战略研究定位与路径选择[J].城市经济.2010.9
[37]葛永红,王亮.我国都市农业的发展模式研究[J].经济纵横.2009.2
[2]青鹿四郎.农业经济地理[M].东京：农文协,1935；185页
[3]赵建庭.郑州市都市农业发展研究[D].河南农业大学.2009.5
[4]周维宏.论日本都市农业的概念变迁和发展状况[J].日本学刊.2009.4
[5]桥本卓尔.都市农业的理论与政策：农业年鉴序言[M].日本：京东法律文化社,1995：80-89
[6]俞菊生.都市农业与创新体系[J]中国农学通报.1999.3
[7]周维宏.论日本都市农业的概念变迁和发展状况[J].日本学刊.2009.7
[8]吴兰铭.重庆推行现代都市型农业发展战略势在必行[J].重庆经济.2004.11
[9]孙仲彝.谈谈上海农业从都市型与城郊型结合到构建都市型农业体系[J]上海农村经济.1996(5)：21-22
[10]顾吾浩.建设具有上海特点的都市型农业[J],中国农村经济.1996.10
[11]张占耕.必须正确认识都市农业[J].上海农村经济.1996.10
[12]周德翼,杨海娟.城市农业的理论与实践研究[J].中国农村观察报告.1997.7
[13]李永强,赵庆河,史朝晖.都市农业研究若干基本问题[J].调研世界.1999.4
[14]方志权.论都市农业的基本特征、产生背景与功能[J].农业现代化研究.1999.10
[15]于战平.都市农业理论探讨[J].农业经济.2001.7
[16]刘颖,许为.都市农业研究进展[J].江汉论坛.2008.6
[17]刘长云.国外都市农业发展经验对我国的启示[J].世界地理研究.2006.6
[18]廖森泰,周灿芳,郑业鲁.都市农业发展传统理论与创新思路[J].广东农业科学.2007.1
[19]许圣道.孔喜梅,河南城市化进程中的都市农业发展问题[J].河南社会科学.2010.7
[20]方志权,吴方卫,王威.中国都市农业理论若干争议问题综述[J].中国农学通报.2008.8
[21]京政农发[2005]66号《关于加快发展都市农业指导意见》
[22]商都农网.郑州市精品休闲线路http://www.sdnw.gov.cn/xiangcunyou/disanji/show-35498.html
[23]韩士元.都市农业的内涵特征和评价标准[J].天津社会科学.2002.2
[24]果雅静,高尚宾,吴华杰,刘口蔚,吴文良,张军任.都市农业综合水平评价方法研究[J].中国生态农业学报.2008.3
[25]王辉.“两型社会”建设背景下长株潭城市群都市农业发展研究[D].湖南农业大学.2012.4
[26]邱化蛟.北京都市农业的可持续性分析和评价[D].中国农业大学.2005.5
[27]关海玲.都市农业发展评价与对策研究[D].北京林业大学.2010.4
[28]刘雪,付泽田,常虹.我国蔬菜生产区域比较优势分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2002,7(2)：1-6.
[29]五年后我市将建成10个现代农业综合示范区.郑州晚报数字报.2012.3.28http://zzwb.zynews.com/html/2012-03/28/content_356589.htm
[30]郑州力争5年完成都市农业示范区“136工程”建设.人民网河南频道http://henan.people.com.cn/news/2012/03/27/605669.html
[31]林长远.福建都市农业建设现状与发展对策研究[D].福建农林大学.2008.4
[32]刘长云,李尊明.郑州市都市农业发展有利条件及产业模式研究[J].2007.2
[33]张林锋.西安市现代都市农业发展建设研究[D].吉林农业大学.2008.6
[34]顾晓君.都市农业多功能发展研究[D].中国农业科学院.2007.6
[35]张天懿,金彦平.天津市都市型现代农业发展研究[J].农业经济.2011.2
[36]于爱芝,程晓曦,刘莹,丁新萌.北京市都市农业的战略研究定位与路径选择[J].城市经济.2010.9
[37]葛永红,王亮.我国都市农业的发展模式研究[J].经济纵横.2009.2