基于D-InSAR技术的煤矿沉陷监测
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摘要
InSAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry,合成孔径雷达干涉测量)及D-InSAR技术是近年来发展比较迅速的微波遥感技术,它具有全天候、全天时、覆盖面广、高度自动化和高精度监测地表变形的能力,已成为具有很大潜力的空间对地观测新技术。根据差分干涉原理,D-InSAR技术用于地面形变监测可以获得地表分辨单元的微小形变,理论上可达到毫米级精度。该技术用于煤矿沉陷监测,受到地面沉陷量级大、频繁的地面活动、严重的时间去相干等因素的影响,如何有效地利用获取到的干涉信息对煤矿进行不同方面沉陷监测是一个亟待解决的问题。
首先,本文从影响干涉结果的误差源入手,通过实验分析了轨道状态误差对干涉结果的影响;比较了基于相干系数配准方法与基于幅度影像相干系数配准方法各自的特点和各自的参数对配准精度的影响;通过实验还分析了枝切法解缠方法和最小费用流解缠方法对矿区塌陷监测的适用性。
其次,本文以神木大柳塔矿区为例,分三个时间阶段对各矿的沉陷信息进行了监测,实验证明,利用D-InSAR技术监测矿区沉陷是可行的,不仅可以有效地提供最新的矿区沉陷信息,而且还可以获得矿区沉陷信息的时间序列;通过对矿区时间去相干系数的统计分析得出了该地区的时间去相干规律,给出了矿区沉陷监测的最佳时间间隔;为解决矿区沉陷监测中存在的形变去相干,本文提出了采用内插多视的方法提高监测的形变梯度,实验证明该方法是一种有效的解决形变失相干的方法。
最后,本文利用D-InSAR技术监测了发生在神木地区的三次矿震引起的沉陷。研究证明:D-InSAR技术可以用于矿震的沉陷监测。
InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) and the D-InSAR (Differential Syn- thetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) technology is one rapidly developmented microwave remote sensing technology, which has all-weather, all- covering a broad area with a high degree of automation and high-precision monitoring ground deformation capacity. It has become a great potential new technology for space-to-earth observation. According to the interference principle, D-InSAR technology for monitoring ground deformation can be re- solved unit of tiny surface deformation, which can reach mm-level accuracy in theory. This technology uses in the coal mine subsidence monitoring is serious affected by frequently activities on the ground, serious temporal decorrelation and other factors.How to use the int -erference information to get the coal mine’s different aspects of subsidence monitoring is need to be solved urgently.
Firstly, this paper start from the erroneous source that influence the interference result analyzed the track condition error’s influence to the results. this paper compared with based on coherent coefficient matching method and based on the image intensity coherent coeff -icient matching method respective characteristic and respective parameter to matching pre -cision influence; this paper also analyzed the adaptability for mining area collapse moni- toring through the experiment to branch-cut method and minimum-cost-flow method.
Secondly, this paper takes Shenmu Daliuta mine as an example to get three-time stage of the mining subsidence monitoring information. Experiments show that it is feasible for D-In- SAR technology to monitor the mine subsidence .It is not only can effectively provide the latest mine subsidence Information, but also get a time series mine subsidence inf -ormation. this paper through drawing a statistical to analysis the temporal decorrelation laws and getting a best time interval for mine subsidence monitoring. the experiment proved that the method is an effective solution deformation missing coherent approach.To overcome the decorrelation leaded by change gradient, this paper take a interpolation multi-looks processing. The experiment proved that this method is an effective solution deformation missing coherent approach.
Finally, this paper introduced the reason why ore shook occurred and analyzed the results processed by D-InSAR technology that three ores shook. ,which occurred in Shenmu Daliuta mine area.
首先,本文从影响干涉结果的误差源入手,通过实验分析了轨道状态误差对干涉结果的影响;比较了基于相干系数配准方法与基于幅度影像相干系数配准方法各自的特点和各自的参数对配准精度的影响;通过实验还分析了枝切法解缠方法和最小费用流解缠方法对矿区塌陷监测的适用性。
其次,本文以神木大柳塔矿区为例,分三个时间阶段对各矿的沉陷信息进行了监测,实验证明,利用D-InSAR技术监测矿区沉陷是可行的,不仅可以有效地提供最新的矿区沉陷信息,而且还可以获得矿区沉陷信息的时间序列;通过对矿区时间去相干系数的统计分析得出了该地区的时间去相干规律,给出了矿区沉陷监测的最佳时间间隔;为解决矿区沉陷监测中存在的形变去相干,本文提出了采用内插多视的方法提高监测的形变梯度,实验证明该方法是一种有效的解决形变失相干的方法。
最后,本文利用D-InSAR技术监测了发生在神木地区的三次矿震引起的沉陷。研究证明:D-InSAR技术可以用于矿震的沉陷监测。
InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) and the D-InSAR (Differential Syn- thetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) technology is one rapidly developmented microwave remote sensing technology, which has all-weather, all- covering a broad area with a high degree of automation and high-precision monitoring ground deformation capacity. It has become a great potential new technology for space-to-earth observation. According to the interference principle, D-InSAR technology for monitoring ground deformation can be re- solved unit of tiny surface deformation, which can reach mm-level accuracy in theory. This technology uses in the coal mine subsidence monitoring is serious affected by frequently activities on the ground, serious temporal decorrelation and other factors.How to use the int -erference information to get the coal mine’s different aspects of subsidence monitoring is need to be solved urgently.
Firstly, this paper start from the erroneous source that influence the interference result analyzed the track condition error’s influence to the results. this paper compared with based on coherent coefficient matching method and based on the image intensity coherent coeff -icient matching method respective characteristic and respective parameter to matching pre -cision influence; this paper also analyzed the adaptability for mining area collapse moni- toring through the experiment to branch-cut method and minimum-cost-flow method.
Secondly, this paper takes Shenmu Daliuta mine as an example to get three-time stage of the mining subsidence monitoring information. Experiments show that it is feasible for D-In- SAR technology to monitor the mine subsidence .It is not only can effectively provide the latest mine subsidence Information, but also get a time series mine subsidence inf -ormation. this paper through drawing a statistical to analysis the temporal decorrelation laws and getting a best time interval for mine subsidence monitoring. the experiment proved that the method is an effective solution deformation missing coherent approach.To overcome the decorrelation leaded by change gradient, this paper take a interpolation multi-looks processing. The experiment proved that this method is an effective solution deformation missing coherent approach.
Finally, this paper introduced the reason why ore shook occurred and analyzed the results processed by D-InSAR technology that three ores shook. ,which occurred in Shenmu Daliuta mine area.
引文
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[3]王超,张红,刘智.星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量[M].北京:科学版出社,2002
[4]杨成生,赵超英,季灵运. InSAR技术用于西安地区DEM生成的精度分析.工程勘察,已录用
[5] Farr, T.G., M. Kobrick. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission produces a wealth of data[J].Amer. Geophys. Union Eos, 2000,(81):583-585
[6] Delacourt, C., Briole, P. and Achache, J. Tropospheric correction of SAR interferograms with strong topography: application to Enta[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,1998, 25(15): 2849~2852.
[7]王超,张红,刘智,等.苏州地区地面沉降的星载合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量监测[J].自然科学进展. 2002, 12(6):621-625
[8]赵超英,张勤,等.采用InSAR技术来判别活动地裂缝,待刊.
[9]赵超英,张勤,丁晓利,彭建兵,杨成生,路中.采用InSAR技术研究西安地面沉降和地裂缝.工程地质学报,已录用
[10] Qin Zhang, Chaoying Zhao, Xiaoli Ding and Jianbing Peng. Monitoring Xian Land Subsidence Evolution by Differential SAR Interferometry . Jonathan Li, Sisi Zlatanova and Andrea G. Fabbri eds. Geomatics Solutions for Disaster Management, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007,P91-102
[11] Chaoying Zhao, Xiaoli Ding, Qin Zhang, Zhong Lu Zhiwei Li,Land subsidence and ground fissure monitoring in Xian, during 1992 to 2006 by using SAR interferometry,in press. ISPRS 2008.7.Beijing(待刊)
[12] PERSKI Z.FJLS SAR interferoma'y for 1and sulsidepee detection in coal mining areas[A].Corrigendum to EOQ[C].2000.25-29.
[13]吴立新,高均海,葛大庆,等.工矿区地表沉陷D-InSAR监测试验研究[J].东北大学学报,2005, 26(8):778-781
[14]吴立新,高均海,葛大庆等.基于D-InSAR的煤矿区开采沉陷遥感监测技术分析[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2004(3):22-25
[15]赵华.应用合成孔径雷达干涉技术监测矿区地表形变[J].四川测绘,2003(9): 99-10
[16]丁晓利,陈永奇,李志林,等.合成孔径雷达干涉技术及其在地表形变监测中的应用[J].紫金山天文台台刊, 2000(19),158-167
[17] Zebker H.A., Goldstein R.M. Topographic mapping from interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations[J]. J. Geophys. Res. 1986, 91(B5): 4993-4999
[18] Goldstein R.M., Zebker H.A., Werner C.L. Satellite radar interferometry: Two-dimensional phase unwrapping[J]. Radio Sci. 1988, 23(4):713-720
[19] Askne J.I.H., Dammert P.B.G., Ulander L.M.H., et al. C-band repeat-pass interferometric SAR observations of the forest[J]. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing. 1997, 35:25-35
[20] Hanssen R.F., Weckwerth T.M., Zebker H.A., et al. High-Resolution Water Vapor Mapping from Interferometric Radar Measurements[J]. Science. 1999,283:1297-1299
[21] Treuhaft R.N., Madsen S.N., Moghaddam M., et al. Vegetation characteristics and underlying topography from interferometric radar[J]. Radio Sci. 1997, 31:1449-1485
[22] Hagberg J.O., Ulander L.M.H., Askne J. Repeat-pass SAR interferometry over forested terrain[J]. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing. 1995, 33:331-340
[23]罗小军.永久散射体雷达差分干涉理论及在上海地面沉降监测中的应用[D].成都:西南交通大学博士学位论文,2007
[24] Massonnet D,Feigl KL. Radar interferometry and its application to changes inthe earth s surface [M].Reviews ofGeophysics, 1998
[25] Ireneusz Baran, Mike Stewart, and Sten Claessens. A New Functional Model for Determining Minimum and Maximum Detectable Deformation Gradient Resolved by Satellite Radar Interferometry. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, 2005,43(4):675-682
[26]陈强.基于永久散射体雷达差分干涉探测区域地表形变研究[D].成都:西南交通大学博士学位论文,2006
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