从劳动空间分工到大都市区空间组织
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摘要
大都市区的形成和发展是现代城市化进程中的一个重要特征,也是21世纪世界城市化的主导趋势。本文以此作为研究对象,从经济学的原点——分工切入,用赋予空间内涵的劳动空间分工理论来探究大都市区空间组织所隐藏的秩序。从而推动以大都市区为研究对象的相关领域的基础理论研究,为大都市区规划和管理提供有益的借鉴。
全文分上下两篇,共七章。上篇由前三章构成,主要从经济学的“分工”讨论中挖掘出空间的意义,在经济学平台上搭建起新的劳动空间分工的理论框架。下篇由后四章构成,利用劳动空间分工理论研究大都市区空间组织,并以此研究上海大都市区的空间组织,验证理论的正误。
第一章 绪论。首先阐述了选题依据及研究目的,强调劳动空间分工作为一种中观层次的理论分析工具可有效衔接微观的城市经济学和宏观的政治经济学,能够更好地解析大都市区空间组织。进而对国内外关于劳动空间分工理论做了系统的文献综述工作,将西方劳动空间分工理论归纳为国际和国内两条轨迹和区域不平衡发展、马克思主义政治经济学、新制度经济学和世界经济学四个发展取向。提出劳动空间分工理论是区位论响应人文地理学范式转型的产物,并指出国内外研究的不足及重新架构理论框架的迫切性。最后建构了本研究框架和方法。
第二章 劳动分工的理论谱系沿革。围绕着分工这一核心,将斯密开端的古典经济学、马克思主义的政治经济学、国际贸易理论、新古典经济学、新制度经济学和新兴古典经济学等流派纳入到一个统一的框架中加以思考,讨论分工理论的沿革。对相关研究进行了综合的评述,勾勒出清晰的分工理论的演变轨迹。
第三章 劳动空间分工:经济学到人文地理学的跨越。在上一章分工讨论的基础上,重新梳理和表述分工概念,提出分工是专业化和交易矛盾统一的观点。从而建立起关于分工经济的基本框架。然后将视角转移到对生产方式和企业组织的对立统一的关注上。通过对分工发育过程的历史流变的观察,发现分工始终是在不断平衡专业化和交易两者的矛盾中螺旋式演进。这不仅验证了前面的理论判断,而且从中挖掘出“空间”的意义,即随着分工的细化,空间的重要性逐渐凸现出来。由此从分工过渡到劳动空间分工,根据劳动过程的空间分离与否,将劳动空间分工划分为部门空间分工和产品内空间分工两个发展阶段。而在全球化和信息化的时代背景下,为追逐最大化分工经济的好处,不同的劳动过程在全球尺度中不断进行空间集聚和扩散,从而产生各种劳动空间分工现象。在上述过程中,由于内生比较优势和规模经济的存在,空间逐渐成为一种生产资料。因此,劳动空间分工就是分工演进的产物,体现了分工发育的较高阶段。本章的最后,将劳动过程和空间因素整合,
The forming and subsequent development of metropolitan regions represents an important trend of the world urbanization in the 21~(st) century. This dissertation theorizes the spatial process of division of labor. The author analyzes the economic activities in metropolitan regions to demonstrate and explain the theme of spatial organization, which focuses on the discussion of the process and mechanism rather than the description of phenomenon. The dissertation will hopefully promote the study and research on the basic theory of metropolitan regions and, thus, shed light on planning and management of the metropolitan regions.The dissertation consists of two parts and total 7 chapters. The first part is composed of three chapters, aimed at digging out the meaning of space through the discussion of division of labor in economics as well as reestablishing a theoretical base of SDL. The second part includes four chapters, which utilize SDL to study spatial organization of metropolitan regions and for the purpose of verification, include an experiential study of the Shanghai Metropolitan Area.Chapter One: Introduction. Firstly, the objective and basis for the selection of the theme will be demonstrated. The author emphasizes that SDL, as a tool for middle-scale theoretical analysis, can well connect urban economics and plutonomy, and better analyze spatial organization of metropolitan regions. Secondly, the author systematically restates the theories on SDL home and abroad, concluding the theories in the west as two loca, domestic and international, regional uneven development, Marxist plutonomy, new institutional economics, and world economics, putting forward that SDL is the product of location theory under the influence of human geography paradigm, pointing out the weak points in the study and research home and aboard, and the pressure of reestablishing the theoretical framework. Lastly, the author presents the structure and methodology of the current study and research.Chapter Two: The development of the theory's spectrum of division of labor. The author will focus on the core concept of division of labor, discussing the history of development of division of labor by studying classical economics of Adam Smith, Marxist plutonomy, international trade theory, neoclassical economics, and new international economics in a uniform framework. Further, the author will give an overall commentary on the relevant study and research, presenting a clear locus of evolution of the theory of division of labor.Chapter Three: SDL: Transformation from economics to human geography. On the basis of the discussion of the above chapter, the author will restate and reorganize the concept of labor division, proposing that labor division is the combination of specialization and transaction, so as to establish the basic framework of economics of labor division. Then the perspective will shift to the contradictory unification of mode of production and organization of enterprises. By observing the historical change of labor division development, the author finds that labor division is always the evolution based on the balance between specialization and transaction, which does not only coincide with the foregoing theoretical judgment, but digs out the meaning of space, namely, along with the process of specialization of labor division, the importance of space becomes higher. Thereby, labor division shifts to SDL. According to whether there is spatial division of the labor process or not, SDL can be divided into inter-industry SDL and intra-product SDL, as two development phases. Under the background of globalization and informationalization, for the pursuit of maximized economic benefit of labor division, different labor processes will have spatial agglomeration and dispersion in a global scale, resulting in
varieties of phenomena of SDL. During the above described process, because of the existence of the endogenous comparative advantage and economies of scale, space generally becomes a sort of productive material. Thus, SDL is the product of the evolut
全文分上下两篇,共七章。上篇由前三章构成,主要从经济学的“分工”讨论中挖掘出空间的意义,在经济学平台上搭建起新的劳动空间分工的理论框架。下篇由后四章构成,利用劳动空间分工理论研究大都市区空间组织,并以此研究上海大都市区的空间组织,验证理论的正误。
第一章 绪论。首先阐述了选题依据及研究目的,强调劳动空间分工作为一种中观层次的理论分析工具可有效衔接微观的城市经济学和宏观的政治经济学,能够更好地解析大都市区空间组织。进而对国内外关于劳动空间分工理论做了系统的文献综述工作,将西方劳动空间分工理论归纳为国际和国内两条轨迹和区域不平衡发展、马克思主义政治经济学、新制度经济学和世界经济学四个发展取向。提出劳动空间分工理论是区位论响应人文地理学范式转型的产物,并指出国内外研究的不足及重新架构理论框架的迫切性。最后建构了本研究框架和方法。
第二章 劳动分工的理论谱系沿革。围绕着分工这一核心,将斯密开端的古典经济学、马克思主义的政治经济学、国际贸易理论、新古典经济学、新制度经济学和新兴古典经济学等流派纳入到一个统一的框架中加以思考,讨论分工理论的沿革。对相关研究进行了综合的评述,勾勒出清晰的分工理论的演变轨迹。
第三章 劳动空间分工:经济学到人文地理学的跨越。在上一章分工讨论的基础上,重新梳理和表述分工概念,提出分工是专业化和交易矛盾统一的观点。从而建立起关于分工经济的基本框架。然后将视角转移到对生产方式和企业组织的对立统一的关注上。通过对分工发育过程的历史流变的观察,发现分工始终是在不断平衡专业化和交易两者的矛盾中螺旋式演进。这不仅验证了前面的理论判断,而且从中挖掘出“空间”的意义,即随着分工的细化,空间的重要性逐渐凸现出来。由此从分工过渡到劳动空间分工,根据劳动过程的空间分离与否,将劳动空间分工划分为部门空间分工和产品内空间分工两个发展阶段。而在全球化和信息化的时代背景下,为追逐最大化分工经济的好处,不同的劳动过程在全球尺度中不断进行空间集聚和扩散,从而产生各种劳动空间分工现象。在上述过程中,由于内生比较优势和规模经济的存在,空间逐渐成为一种生产资料。因此,劳动空间分工就是分工演进的产物,体现了分工发育的较高阶段。本章的最后,将劳动过程和空间因素整合,
The forming and subsequent development of metropolitan regions represents an important trend of the world urbanization in the 21~(st) century. This dissertation theorizes the spatial process of division of labor. The author analyzes the economic activities in metropolitan regions to demonstrate and explain the theme of spatial organization, which focuses on the discussion of the process and mechanism rather than the description of phenomenon. The dissertation will hopefully promote the study and research on the basic theory of metropolitan regions and, thus, shed light on planning and management of the metropolitan regions.The dissertation consists of two parts and total 7 chapters. The first part is composed of three chapters, aimed at digging out the meaning of space through the discussion of division of labor in economics as well as reestablishing a theoretical base of SDL. The second part includes four chapters, which utilize SDL to study spatial organization of metropolitan regions and for the purpose of verification, include an experiential study of the Shanghai Metropolitan Area.Chapter One: Introduction. Firstly, the objective and basis for the selection of the theme will be demonstrated. The author emphasizes that SDL, as a tool for middle-scale theoretical analysis, can well connect urban economics and plutonomy, and better analyze spatial organization of metropolitan regions. Secondly, the author systematically restates the theories on SDL home and abroad, concluding the theories in the west as two loca, domestic and international, regional uneven development, Marxist plutonomy, new institutional economics, and world economics, putting forward that SDL is the product of location theory under the influence of human geography paradigm, pointing out the weak points in the study and research home and aboard, and the pressure of reestablishing the theoretical framework. Lastly, the author presents the structure and methodology of the current study and research.Chapter Two: The development of the theory's spectrum of division of labor. The author will focus on the core concept of division of labor, discussing the history of development of division of labor by studying classical economics of Adam Smith, Marxist plutonomy, international trade theory, neoclassical economics, and new international economics in a uniform framework. Further, the author will give an overall commentary on the relevant study and research, presenting a clear locus of evolution of the theory of division of labor.Chapter Three: SDL: Transformation from economics to human geography. On the basis of the discussion of the above chapter, the author will restate and reorganize the concept of labor division, proposing that labor division is the combination of specialization and transaction, so as to establish the basic framework of economics of labor division. Then the perspective will shift to the contradictory unification of mode of production and organization of enterprises. By observing the historical change of labor division development, the author finds that labor division is always the evolution based on the balance between specialization and transaction, which does not only coincide with the foregoing theoretical judgment, but digs out the meaning of space, namely, along with the process of specialization of labor division, the importance of space becomes higher. Thereby, labor division shifts to SDL. According to whether there is spatial division of the labor process or not, SDL can be divided into inter-industry SDL and intra-product SDL, as two development phases. Under the background of globalization and informationalization, for the pursuit of maximized economic benefit of labor division, different labor processes will have spatial agglomeration and dispersion in a global scale, resulting in
varieties of phenomena of SDL. During the above described process, because of the existence of the endogenous comparative advantage and economies of scale, space generally becomes a sort of productive material. Thus, SDL is the product of the evolut
引文
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