穹窿管内油水两相流流动特性研究
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摘要
本文主要针对穹窿管内油水两相流流动特性问题,首先进行了数值模拟,初步认识穹窿管内的油水两相流,然后设计了阵列电导探针测量和平行弦丝电导探针测量相结合的方法来检测穹窿管中油水两相流流型和相含率,对弦丝探针电导信号进行了统计分析,采用非线性分析方法研究了穹窿管内油水两相流的流动特性,并提取了穹窿管内不同位置处的含水率,得到以下结论:
1.采用CFD方法对穹窿管内油水两相流中分层流和分散流进行了数值模拟。结果表明,对于穹窿管内的分层流,在穹窿管的上升段油相堆积,持水率较小,在穹窿管的下降段水相堆积,持水率较大,穹窿管的顶部为持水率由小到大的过渡阶段;对于穹窿管内的分散流,在穹窿管内各处都是分散的,当含水率小于20%或大于80%时,可以观察到较为清晰的油泡边界或水泡边界,即分散流的瞬态数值模拟效果较好。
2.进行了穹窿管内油水两相流动态实验,对于管内油水两相流不同流型,弦丝探针输出信号波形呈现出不同的特点,从而依据各弦丝探针信号波动特征,实现了对油水两相流流型的有效辨识。通过实验观察和弦丝探针信号分析,可以清晰的说明穹窿管内油水两相流的流动特点和CFD瞬态数值模拟结果较为一致,表明CFD方法是可靠的,有助于对油水两相流流动过程的研究,也证明了弦丝探针敏感于油水两相流流动的变化,可用于油水两相流的研究中。
3.采用混沌吸引子形态描述的方法对穹窿管内油水两相流进行了研究,对不同流型的吸引子形态进行了描述,应用二维吸引子形态特征量对油水两相流流型进行了分类,结果表明,利用二维特征量能够较好的将各种流型区分开。
4.基于穹窿管内油水两相流弦丝探针测量结果,总结了提取油水两相流持水率的方法,并提取了管内不同位置持水率,从另一侧面反映了穹窿管内油水两相流的流动特性。
Aiming at the oil-water two-phase flow characteristic problems in the serpentine channel, firstly, we carry the numerical simulation to initially understand the oil-water two-phase flow, and then, design the mini-conductance array probes and parallel wire conductivity probes measurement method to detect the flow pattern and volume fraction of the oil-water two-phase flow in the serpentine channel, analyze the conductance signals of parallel wire conductivity probe, study the flow characteristics of the oil-water two-phase flow using nonlinear analysis, extracted the volume fraction at different locations of the serpentine channel, and achieve the following conclusions:
1. We use the CFD method to simulate the stratified flow and dispersed flow of the oil-water two-phase flow in the serpentine channel. The results show that regarding the stratified flow, the oil phase accumulates, and the holdup of water is small in the ascent part; the water phase accumulates ,and the holdup of water is big; the holdup of water transits from small to big on the top of the serpentine channel. Regarding the dispersed flow, each phase is scattered, when volume fraction is less than 20% or greater than 80%, a clearer oil boundary or blister boundary can be observed, which means the simulation of the dispered flow is better.
2. We conduct a oil-water two-phase flow dynamic experiment in the serpentine channel. Different two phase flows have different output signal waveforms. So, flow patterns can be identified through the different conductance fluctuating signals of the parallel wire conductivity probes. Based on the experimental observation and the analysis of the probe signals, we can conclude that the results of experiment and CFD simulation are very similar and consistent, and the CFD simulation has been proven to be reliable for the research of the oil-water two-phase flow. Also, parallel wire conductivity probe is proved to be sensitive to the changes of the oil-water two-phase flow, so it can be used for the study of oil-water two-phase flow.
3. We study the oil-water two-phase flow by the method of chaotic attractor morphological description, classify the different flow patterns by the attractor morphological characteristic quantity in two dimensions. The results show that the method of attractor morphological description has a good identification of two-phase flow patterns.
4. Base on the different conductance fluctuating signals of the parallel wire conductivity probes, we summarize the different methods of the volume fraction measurement, and extract the volume fraction at the different positions of the channel.
1.采用CFD方法对穹窿管内油水两相流中分层流和分散流进行了数值模拟。结果表明,对于穹窿管内的分层流,在穹窿管的上升段油相堆积,持水率较小,在穹窿管的下降段水相堆积,持水率较大,穹窿管的顶部为持水率由小到大的过渡阶段;对于穹窿管内的分散流,在穹窿管内各处都是分散的,当含水率小于20%或大于80%时,可以观察到较为清晰的油泡边界或水泡边界,即分散流的瞬态数值模拟效果较好。
2.进行了穹窿管内油水两相流动态实验,对于管内油水两相流不同流型,弦丝探针输出信号波形呈现出不同的特点,从而依据各弦丝探针信号波动特征,实现了对油水两相流流型的有效辨识。通过实验观察和弦丝探针信号分析,可以清晰的说明穹窿管内油水两相流的流动特点和CFD瞬态数值模拟结果较为一致,表明CFD方法是可靠的,有助于对油水两相流流动过程的研究,也证明了弦丝探针敏感于油水两相流流动的变化,可用于油水两相流的研究中。
3.采用混沌吸引子形态描述的方法对穹窿管内油水两相流进行了研究,对不同流型的吸引子形态进行了描述,应用二维吸引子形态特征量对油水两相流流型进行了分类,结果表明,利用二维特征量能够较好的将各种流型区分开。
4.基于穹窿管内油水两相流弦丝探针测量结果,总结了提取油水两相流持水率的方法,并提取了管内不同位置持水率,从另一侧面反映了穹窿管内油水两相流的流动特性。
Aiming at the oil-water two-phase flow characteristic problems in the serpentine channel, firstly, we carry the numerical simulation to initially understand the oil-water two-phase flow, and then, design the mini-conductance array probes and parallel wire conductivity probes measurement method to detect the flow pattern and volume fraction of the oil-water two-phase flow in the serpentine channel, analyze the conductance signals of parallel wire conductivity probe, study the flow characteristics of the oil-water two-phase flow using nonlinear analysis, extracted the volume fraction at different locations of the serpentine channel, and achieve the following conclusions:
1. We use the CFD method to simulate the stratified flow and dispersed flow of the oil-water two-phase flow in the serpentine channel. The results show that regarding the stratified flow, the oil phase accumulates, and the holdup of water is small in the ascent part; the water phase accumulates ,and the holdup of water is big; the holdup of water transits from small to big on the top of the serpentine channel. Regarding the dispersed flow, each phase is scattered, when volume fraction is less than 20% or greater than 80%, a clearer oil boundary or blister boundary can be observed, which means the simulation of the dispered flow is better.
2. We conduct a oil-water two-phase flow dynamic experiment in the serpentine channel. Different two phase flows have different output signal waveforms. So, flow patterns can be identified through the different conductance fluctuating signals of the parallel wire conductivity probes. Based on the experimental observation and the analysis of the probe signals, we can conclude that the results of experiment and CFD simulation are very similar and consistent, and the CFD simulation has been proven to be reliable for the research of the oil-water two-phase flow. Also, parallel wire conductivity probe is proved to be sensitive to the changes of the oil-water two-phase flow, so it can be used for the study of oil-water two-phase flow.
3. We study the oil-water two-phase flow by the method of chaotic attractor morphological description, classify the different flow patterns by the attractor morphological characteristic quantity in two dimensions. The results show that the method of attractor morphological description has a good identification of two-phase flow patterns.
4. Base on the different conductance fluctuating signals of the parallel wire conductivity probes, we summarize the different methods of the volume fraction measurement, and extract the volume fraction at the different positions of the channel.
引文
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[2]郭烈锦,高晖,国际多相流流动的研究动向,第2届国际多相流动与传输现象学术会议,2000:54~58
[3]李海青,多相流测试技术现状及趋势,多相流检测技术进展(第五届全国多相流检测技术学术会议论文集),杭州:石油工业出版社,1996
[4] Russell T W F, Hodgson G W, Govier G W, Horizontal pipeline flow of mixtures of oil and water, Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1959, 37(1): 9~17
[5] Trallero J L, Brill J P, A study of oil-water flow patterns in horizontal pipes, SPE 36609, 1996
[6] Nadler M, Mewes D, Flow induced emulsification in the flow of two immiscible liquids in horizontal pipes, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997,23(1): 55~68
[7] Angeli P, Hewitt G F, Pressure gradient in horizontal liquid-liquid flows, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1998, 24: 1183~1203
[8] Angeli P, Hewitt G F, Flow structure in horizontal oil-water flow, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2000, 26: 1117~1140
[9] Brauner N, The prediction of dispersed flows boundaries in liquid-liquid and gas-liquid systems, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27: 885~910
[10] Brauner N, Ullmann A, Modelling of phase inversion phenomenon in two-phase pipe flow, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2002, 28: 1177~1204
[11]陈杰,于达,严大凡,油-水两相流流型转换研究,水动力学研究与进展,2003,18(3):355~364
[12]陈杰,于达,严大凡,水平管内油-水两相流动压降规律的实验研究,实验力学,2001,16 (4):402~408
[13] Liu W H, Guo L J, Wu T J, et al, An experimental study on the flow characteristics of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal straight pipes, Chinese J. Chem. Eng., 2003, 11(5): 491~496
[14]顾汉洋,高晖,郭烈锦,水平管油水两相分层紊流流动的数值研究,工程热物理学报,2003,24(5):810~812
[15] Gao H, Gu H Y, Guo L J, Numerical study of stratified oil-water two-phase turbulent flow in a horizontal tube, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2003, 46: 749~754
[16]吴铁军,郭烈锦,刘文红等,水平管内油水两相流流型及其转换规律研究,工程热物理学报,2002,23 (4):491~494
[17] Govier G.W., Sullivan G.A. and Wood R.K. The Upward Vertical Flow of Oil-Water Mixtures. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1961, April, 67~75
[18] Jose G Flores, X Tom Chen, Cem Sarica, James P Brill:Characterization of oil-water flow patterns in vertical and deviated wells, SPE56108, 1999
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