LTE-Advanced CoMP中联合处理技术及系统性能研究
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摘要
为了满足ITU为IMT-Advanced系统提出的性能指标,3GPP提出了LTE-Advanced技术。针对LTE系统中小区间干扰比较严重,已有的干扰协调技术不能很好的解决边缘用户频谱效率低的问题,在LTE-Advanced中引入协同多点传输和接收(Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception, CoMP)技术来解决此问题。该技术通过多个小区之间的联合调度或协作传输,降低邻区干扰,提高用户接收信号质量,从而有效提高系统容量和边缘用户频谱效率。
本论文主要工作是针对CoMP中的协同传输技术(Joint Processing, JP)进行研究,以该技术方案为基础,利用系统级仿真,对CoMP JP方案及其性能进行了研究和评估验证。主要贡献包括以下方面：
(1)根据3GPP标准会议提案和系统仿真方法,结合3GPP TR36.814中的场景假设,设计并搭建了CoMP JP的动态系统仿真平台。平台包括：多小区空间信道建模、协同小区簇划分、协同用户及协同小区集合确定、调度、预编码、干扰计算及终端接收机等功能模块。基于平台,评估了3GPP Case1场景下单用户JP和多用户JP的性能。
(2)针对传统单小区调度算法不能满足CoMP多小区协同传输的问题,提出了应用于JP系统的集中式多小区协同调度算法及调度器实现,提出多用户系统下的配对算法及改进算法,并对算法进行了评估和分析。
(3)针对协同处理的联合预编码需求,提出了不同的物理层信道合并方案,并对各种方案进行了仿真评估及分析。
(4)基于以上仿真平台及算法实现,评估了理想信道估计条件下,单用户系统与多用户系统的性能,并对部分非理想因素对系统性能的影响进行了分析。
3 GPP brought forward the LTE-Advanced techniques to meet the performance guideline, which ITU proposed for IMT-Advanced system. Since the interference between cells in LTE system is so severe that the existing interference coordination mechanisms fail to resolve the low spectrum efficiency problem of the tail users, LTE-A introduced the Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception (CoMP) scheme to cope with the problem. COMP shall benefit the system capacity and increase the spectrum efficiency of the tail users by employing the joint schedule and coordinated transmission, which could depress the adjacent cell interference and improve the signal quality of the user.
This thesis shall mainly study the Joint Processing (JP) technique of COMP. The author's work focus on the performance evaluation and verification of the COMP JP schemes by the system level simulations. The contributions are presented as follow:
The author built the CoMP JP dynamic system simulation platform according to the methodology in the 3GPP standard conference specification, which is mainly based on the scenario assumption in the Technique Specification 36.814. And the platform consists of:spatial channel modeling of multi-cell, coordinated cell cluster division, identification of coordinated users and cell aggregation, schedule, pre-coding, interference calculation, terminal receiver and etc. The evaluation includes the JP system of single user and multi-user in the 3GPP Case 1 scenario.
The traditional single cell schedule algorithm cannot be applied to the CoMP multi-cell coordinated transmission. Hence the author proposes a centralized multi-cell coordinated schedule algorithm, and the corresponding scheduler implement as well. The algorithm primarily formulates the partnership method and the corresponding updated method. Moreover, the validity of the algorithms is demonstrated by the numerical results and analysis.
This thesis also provides several different physical layer channel combination schemes to meet the requirement of the coordinated processing joint pre-coding. And the corresponding simulation results and analysis are given as well.
The single user and multi-user system performance is evaluated based on the simulation platform and algorithms mentioned above in the assumption of ideal channel estimation. And at the same time the impacts to the system performance that may be caused by some nonideal factors are analyzed.
本论文主要工作是针对CoMP中的协同传输技术(Joint Processing, JP)进行研究,以该技术方案为基础,利用系统级仿真,对CoMP JP方案及其性能进行了研究和评估验证。主要贡献包括以下方面：
(1)根据3GPP标准会议提案和系统仿真方法,结合3GPP TR36.814中的场景假设,设计并搭建了CoMP JP的动态系统仿真平台。平台包括：多小区空间信道建模、协同小区簇划分、协同用户及协同小区集合确定、调度、预编码、干扰计算及终端接收机等功能模块。基于平台,评估了3GPP Case1场景下单用户JP和多用户JP的性能。
(2)针对传统单小区调度算法不能满足CoMP多小区协同传输的问题,提出了应用于JP系统的集中式多小区协同调度算法及调度器实现,提出多用户系统下的配对算法及改进算法,并对算法进行了评估和分析。
(3)针对协同处理的联合预编码需求,提出了不同的物理层信道合并方案,并对各种方案进行了仿真评估及分析。
(4)基于以上仿真平台及算法实现,评估了理想信道估计条件下,单用户系统与多用户系统的性能,并对部分非理想因素对系统性能的影响进行了分析。
3 GPP brought forward the LTE-Advanced techniques to meet the performance guideline, which ITU proposed for IMT-Advanced system. Since the interference between cells in LTE system is so severe that the existing interference coordination mechanisms fail to resolve the low spectrum efficiency problem of the tail users, LTE-A introduced the Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception (CoMP) scheme to cope with the problem. COMP shall benefit the system capacity and increase the spectrum efficiency of the tail users by employing the joint schedule and coordinated transmission, which could depress the adjacent cell interference and improve the signal quality of the user.
This thesis shall mainly study the Joint Processing (JP) technique of COMP. The author's work focus on the performance evaluation and verification of the COMP JP schemes by the system level simulations. The contributions are presented as follow:
The author built the CoMP JP dynamic system simulation platform according to the methodology in the 3GPP standard conference specification, which is mainly based on the scenario assumption in the Technique Specification 36.814. And the platform consists of:spatial channel modeling of multi-cell, coordinated cell cluster division, identification of coordinated users and cell aggregation, schedule, pre-coding, interference calculation, terminal receiver and etc. The evaluation includes the JP system of single user and multi-user in the 3GPP Case 1 scenario.
The traditional single cell schedule algorithm cannot be applied to the CoMP multi-cell coordinated transmission. Hence the author proposes a centralized multi-cell coordinated schedule algorithm, and the corresponding scheduler implement as well. The algorithm primarily formulates the partnership method and the corresponding updated method. Moreover, the validity of the algorithms is demonstrated by the numerical results and analysis.
This thesis also provides several different physical layer channel combination schemes to meet the requirement of the coordinated processing joint pre-coding. And the corresponding simulation results and analysis are given as well.
The single user and multi-user system performance is evaluated based on the simulation platform and algorithms mentioned above in the assumption of ideal channel estimation. And at the same time the impacts to the system performance that may be caused by some nonideal factors are analyzed.
引文
[1]Huawei, R1-050841, Further Analysis of Soft Frequeney Reuse Scheme,#42, London, UK, August 29th-september 2nd 2005
[2]Siemens, R1-050738, Interferene mitigation considerations and Results on Frequency Reuse,#42, London, UK,2005
[3]Ericsson, R1-050764, Inter cell Interference and handling for EUTR,#42, London,UK,2005
[4]LG Electronics, R1-050833, Interference mitigation in evolved UTRA/UTRAN,#42, London, England,2005
[5]Alcatel, R1-050694, multi-cell simulation results for interference coordination in new OFDM DL,#42,London,HK,2005
[6]Nokia, R1-060291, OFDMA downlink inter-cell interference mitigation,#44,2006
[7]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #42 R1-050798,CATT, RITT, Inter-cell interference mitigation with smart antenna, London, UK, August 2005
[8]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #42 R1-050829, Panasonic, Coordinated Symbol Repetition to Mitigate Downlink Inter Cell Interference, London, UK, August 2005
[9]3GPPTR 36.814, Further Advancements for E-UTRA Physical Layer Aspects (Release 9)
[10]David Martin-Sacristan, Jose F. Monserrat, Jorge Cabrejas-Penuelas, Daniel Calabuig, Salvador Garrigas, and Narcis Cardona, On the Way towards Fourth-Generation Mobile: 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking Volume 2009 (2009), Article ID 354089,10 pages
[11]Juho Lee, Jin-Kyu Han, and Jianzhong (Charlie) Zhang, MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced, EURASIP Journal onWireless Communications and Networking, Volume 2009, Article ID 302092,10 pages
[12]万彭,杜志敏,LTE和LTE-Advanced关键技术综述,现代电信科技,2009 39(9)
[13]3GPP R1-092055, "Feedback considerations for DL MIMO and CoMP", Qualcomm Europe.
[14]3GPP R1-093109, " Feedback in support of DL CoMP:general views", Qualcomm Europe.
[15]3GPP R1-091936, "Spatial Correlation Feedback to Support LTE-A MU-MIMO and CoMP Operations", Motorola.
[16]3GPP R1-092737, "On CSI feedback for IMT-Advanced fulfilling CoMP schemes", Ericsson, ST-Ericsson.
[17]3GPP R1-093034, "Discussuins on Common Feedback Framework for DL CoMP", Huawei.
[18]Agisilaos Papadogiannis, Eric Hardouin, David Gesbert, Decentralising Multicell Cooperative Processing:A Novel Robust Framework, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking Volume 2009 (2009)
[19]3GPP R1-082024, "A discussion on some technology components for LTE-Advanced", Ericsson.
[20]3GPP R1-083069, "LTE-Advanced Coordinated Multipoint transmission/reception", Ericsson.
[21]3GPP R1-082469, "LTE-Advanced Coordinated Multipoint transmission/reception", Ericsson.
[22]3GPP TR 25.814, "Physical layer aspects for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA)".
[23]3GPP R1-092150, "Consideration of Backhaul Technology Evolution in Support of CoMP", Alcatel-Lucent.
[24]3GPP Rl-092272, "CoMP feedback discussion", Qualcomm Europe.
[25]3GPP R1-091745, "Discussion on combined/non-combined CQI reporting", Panasonic.
[26]周园,LTE系统中MAC子层下行调度算法研究,西安电子科技大学,通信与信息系统,2009年.
[27]秦飞,骆纯,一种多小区部分集中式协同调度的方法和接2008年12月.
[28]秦飞,王定伟等.系统仿真原理入网设备,大唐移动提交专利,与方法,大唐移动内部文档,2008年03月.
[29]韦峥,王艺晨.《SCDMA系统与GSM系统共存干扰研究》,http://www.net.cn,2006年8月.
[30]3GPP TR25.942v5.3.0, "Radio Frequency(RF) system scenarios", June 2004.
[31]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 LTE Ad Hoc R1-061810,Texas Instruments, A Method for Uplink Open Loop Power Control Based on Signal Strength Measurements from Multiple Cells/Sectors, Cannes, France, June 2006
[32]杨大成等,移动传播环境理论基础-分析方法和建模技术,北京：机械工业出版社,2003年8月.
[33]ETSI TR 101 112 V3.2.0 UMTS 30.03, "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Selection procedures for the choice of radio transmission technologies of the UMTS", April 1998
[34]3GPP TR25.942 v5.3.0, "Radio Frequency(RF) system scenarios", June 2004.
[35]Theodore S. Rappaport著.无线通信原理与应用,电子工业出版社
[36]3GPP TR 25.996 v6.1.0, Spatial channel model for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) simulations, September 2003
[37]Baum, D.S.; Hansen, J.; Salo, J.. An interim channel model for beyond-3G systems: extending the 3GPP spatial channel model (SCM) [J]. Vehicular Technology Conference, 2005. VTC 2005-Spring.2005 IEEE 61st,2005, Volume 5:3132-3136.
[38]ITU-R M.2135, Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-Advance.
[39]杜加懂,林辉.多天线无线信道仿真与建模方法,http://www.cctime.com,2008年1月31日.
[40]3GPP R1-090922, "Downlink CoMP-MU-MIMO transmission Schemes", CMCC.
[41]吴伟陵,牛凯.《移动通信原理》,电子工业出版社,2005年1月.
[42]3GPP TR 25.814, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Physical layer aspects for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) (Release 7), v7.1.0.
[43]3GPP R1-10xxx, "Evaluation Scenarios and Assumptions for Intra-eNodeB CoMP", NTT DOCOMO.
[44]3GPP TR 25.896 v6.0.0, Feasibility Study for Enhanced Uplink for UTRA FDD, March 2004.
[45]骆纯,李平安,LTE系统仿真中的多小区信道建模方法,科技论文在线,2010年1月.
[2]Siemens, R1-050738, Interferene mitigation considerations and Results on Frequency Reuse,#42, London, UK,2005
[3]Ericsson, R1-050764, Inter cell Interference and handling for EUTR,#42, London,UK,2005
[4]LG Electronics, R1-050833, Interference mitigation in evolved UTRA/UTRAN,#42, London, England,2005
[5]Alcatel, R1-050694, multi-cell simulation results for interference coordination in new OFDM DL,#42,London,HK,2005
[6]Nokia, R1-060291, OFDMA downlink inter-cell interference mitigation,#44,2006
[7]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #42 R1-050798,CATT, RITT, Inter-cell interference mitigation with smart antenna, London, UK, August 2005
[8]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #42 R1-050829, Panasonic, Coordinated Symbol Repetition to Mitigate Downlink Inter Cell Interference, London, UK, August 2005
[9]3GPPTR 36.814, Further Advancements for E-UTRA Physical Layer Aspects (Release 9)
[10]David Martin-Sacristan, Jose F. Monserrat, Jorge Cabrejas-Penuelas, Daniel Calabuig, Salvador Garrigas, and Narcis Cardona, On the Way towards Fourth-Generation Mobile: 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking Volume 2009 (2009), Article ID 354089,10 pages
[11]Juho Lee, Jin-Kyu Han, and Jianzhong (Charlie) Zhang, MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced, EURASIP Journal onWireless Communications and Networking, Volume 2009, Article ID 302092,10 pages
[12]万彭,杜志敏,LTE和LTE-Advanced关键技术综述,现代电信科技,2009 39(9)
[13]3GPP R1-092055, "Feedback considerations for DL MIMO and CoMP", Qualcomm Europe.
[14]3GPP R1-093109, " Feedback in support of DL CoMP:general views", Qualcomm Europe.
[15]3GPP R1-091936, "Spatial Correlation Feedback to Support LTE-A MU-MIMO and CoMP Operations", Motorola.
[16]3GPP R1-092737, "On CSI feedback for IMT-Advanced fulfilling CoMP schemes", Ericsson, ST-Ericsson.
[17]3GPP R1-093034, "Discussuins on Common Feedback Framework for DL CoMP", Huawei.
[18]Agisilaos Papadogiannis, Eric Hardouin, David Gesbert, Decentralising Multicell Cooperative Processing:A Novel Robust Framework, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking Volume 2009 (2009)
[19]3GPP R1-082024, "A discussion on some technology components for LTE-Advanced", Ericsson.
[20]3GPP R1-083069, "LTE-Advanced Coordinated Multipoint transmission/reception", Ericsson.
[21]3GPP R1-082469, "LTE-Advanced Coordinated Multipoint transmission/reception", Ericsson.
[22]3GPP TR 25.814, "Physical layer aspects for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA)".
[23]3GPP R1-092150, "Consideration of Backhaul Technology Evolution in Support of CoMP", Alcatel-Lucent.
[24]3GPP Rl-092272, "CoMP feedback discussion", Qualcomm Europe.
[25]3GPP R1-091745, "Discussion on combined/non-combined CQI reporting", Panasonic.
[26]周园,LTE系统中MAC子层下行调度算法研究,西安电子科技大学,通信与信息系统,2009年.
[27]秦飞,骆纯,一种多小区部分集中式协同调度的方法和接2008年12月.
[28]秦飞,王定伟等.系统仿真原理入网设备,大唐移动提交专利,与方法,大唐移动内部文档,2008年03月.
[29]韦峥,王艺晨.《SCDMA系统与GSM系统共存干扰研究》,http://www.net.cn,2006年8月.
[30]3GPP TR25.942v5.3.0, "Radio Frequency(RF) system scenarios", June 2004.
[31]3GPP TSG RAN WG1 LTE Ad Hoc R1-061810,Texas Instruments, A Method for Uplink Open Loop Power Control Based on Signal Strength Measurements from Multiple Cells/Sectors, Cannes, France, June 2006
[32]杨大成等,移动传播环境理论基础-分析方法和建模技术,北京：机械工业出版社,2003年8月.
[33]ETSI TR 101 112 V3.2.0 UMTS 30.03, "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Selection procedures for the choice of radio transmission technologies of the UMTS", April 1998
[34]3GPP TR25.942 v5.3.0, "Radio Frequency(RF) system scenarios", June 2004.
[35]Theodore S. Rappaport著.无线通信原理与应用,电子工业出版社
[36]3GPP TR 25.996 v6.1.0, Spatial channel model for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) simulations, September 2003
[37]Baum, D.S.; Hansen, J.; Salo, J.. An interim channel model for beyond-3G systems: extending the 3GPP spatial channel model (SCM) [J]. Vehicular Technology Conference, 2005. VTC 2005-Spring.2005 IEEE 61st,2005, Volume 5:3132-3136.
[38]ITU-R M.2135, Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-Advance.
[39]杜加懂,林辉.多天线无线信道仿真与建模方法,http://www.cctime.com,2008年1月31日.
[40]3GPP R1-090922, "Downlink CoMP-MU-MIMO transmission Schemes", CMCC.
[41]吴伟陵,牛凯.《移动通信原理》,电子工业出版社,2005年1月.
[42]3GPP TR 25.814, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Physical layer aspects for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) (Release 7), v7.1.0.
[43]3GPP R1-10xxx, "Evaluation Scenarios and Assumptions for Intra-eNodeB CoMP", NTT DOCOMO.
[44]3GPP TR 25.896 v6.0.0, Feasibility Study for Enhanced Uplink for UTRA FDD, March 2004.
[45]骆纯,李平安,LTE系统仿真中的多小区信道建模方法,科技论文在线,2010年1月.