光纤激光相干合成控制系统优化分析
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摘要
激光相干合成技术是实现高功率高亮度激光系统的重要技术途径,主动控制的MOPA方案相干合成由于其并联放大器数量及功率理论上没有上限而有着其技术上固有的优势。相位检测与控制技术是MOPA方案相干合成的核心,本文较为系统地对MOPA相干合成相位控制系统进行了理论分析与仿真实验,基于反馈控制系统模型得出了优化的控制系统传递函数。
分析了光纤放大器相位噪声的特性及产生机理,模拟产生了与真实放大器相位噪声频谱类似的噪声,对比了常用的光学外差探测及解调技术,对适用于MOPA相位控制系统的多光路混频技术进行了理论推导与数值模拟,并提出了非解调信号处理方案。
基于反馈控制理论建立了MOPA相位检测与控制系统模型,推导出优化的控制函数形式；对系统闭环状态相位噪声残差随系统参数的变化进行了数值模拟,得出优化系统参数,分析了该控制函数作用下系统的开环及闭环幅频特性和控制带宽,以及系统控制性能。
对优化的控制系统进行相位检测与控制仿真实验,分别使用单频信号和模拟放大器噪声作为相位扰动,检验相位控制系统性能,并对非解调信号处理方案的控制系统稳态、暂态性能进行仿真。
本文为MOPA相干合成相位控制系统的性能提供了理论分析方法,并为其优化设计提供了理论指导,对实现大功率激光放大器相干合成具有重要的参考价值。
Coherent combing of fiber lasers is effective to achieve both high power and high brightness. Compared with other programs of coherent combing, Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) is predominance in technology for its unlimit in increasing the amount of fiber amplifiers theoretically. Phase detection and control is the key of coherent beam combining based on the program of MOPA. This paper investigates the control system through theoretical analysis and emulator experiments. And optimum transfer function of the control system is obtained based on the negative-feedback model.
The characteristic and mechanism of the phase noise of fiber amplifiers are analyzed, and the emulational phase noise spectrum of a fiber amplifier is concluded. Several programs of heterodyne detection and demodulation in common use are compared. The technology of multipass frequency mixing applicable for the phase control system based on the program of MOPA is deduced theoretically and simulated numerically, and the signal processing program of non-demodulation is presented.
A model of the phase detection and control system is constructed based on the theory of feedback control, and the optimum control function is deduced. The relationship between the closed loop output phase residual and the system parameters is simulated numerically, and the optimum system parameters are obtained. The open loop and closed loop amplitude frequency response characteristics, control band width and control performance under the optimum system parameters are analyzed.
The phase detection and control emulator experiments are put into effect. Single-frequency signal and the emulational noise are used as phase disturbance respectively to examine the performance of the phase control system. The steady-state and transient-state behavior of the control system based on the non-demodulation signal process program is emulated.
The research of this paper supplies theoretical methods to analyze the performance of the phase control system based on the program of MOPA and provides theoretical instruction for system optimum design.
分析了光纤放大器相位噪声的特性及产生机理,模拟产生了与真实放大器相位噪声频谱类似的噪声,对比了常用的光学外差探测及解调技术,对适用于MOPA相位控制系统的多光路混频技术进行了理论推导与数值模拟,并提出了非解调信号处理方案。
基于反馈控制理论建立了MOPA相位检测与控制系统模型,推导出优化的控制函数形式；对系统闭环状态相位噪声残差随系统参数的变化进行了数值模拟,得出优化系统参数,分析了该控制函数作用下系统的开环及闭环幅频特性和控制带宽,以及系统控制性能。
对优化的控制系统进行相位检测与控制仿真实验,分别使用单频信号和模拟放大器噪声作为相位扰动,检验相位控制系统性能,并对非解调信号处理方案的控制系统稳态、暂态性能进行仿真。
本文为MOPA相干合成相位控制系统的性能提供了理论分析方法,并为其优化设计提供了理论指导,对实现大功率激光放大器相干合成具有重要的参考价值。
Coherent combing of fiber lasers is effective to achieve both high power and high brightness. Compared with other programs of coherent combing, Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) is predominance in technology for its unlimit in increasing the amount of fiber amplifiers theoretically. Phase detection and control is the key of coherent beam combining based on the program of MOPA. This paper investigates the control system through theoretical analysis and emulator experiments. And optimum transfer function of the control system is obtained based on the negative-feedback model.
The characteristic and mechanism of the phase noise of fiber amplifiers are analyzed, and the emulational phase noise spectrum of a fiber amplifier is concluded. Several programs of heterodyne detection and demodulation in common use are compared. The technology of multipass frequency mixing applicable for the phase control system based on the program of MOPA is deduced theoretically and simulated numerically, and the signal processing program of non-demodulation is presented.
A model of the phase detection and control system is constructed based on the theory of feedback control, and the optimum control function is deduced. The relationship between the closed loop output phase residual and the system parameters is simulated numerically, and the optimum system parameters are obtained. The open loop and closed loop amplitude frequency response characteristics, control band width and control performance under the optimum system parameters are analyzed.
The phase detection and control emulator experiments are put into effect. Single-frequency signal and the emulational noise are used as phase disturbance respectively to examine the performance of the phase control system. The steady-state and transient-state behavior of the control system based on the non-demodulation signal process program is emulated.
The research of this paper supplies theoretical methods to analyze the performance of the phase control system based on the program of MOPA and provides theoretical instruction for system optimum design.
引文
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[2]E. Cheung, M. Weber, D. Mordaunt. Mode-locked pulsed fiber array scalable to high power. SPIE 5335:98～104
[3]L.kong, Q.Lou, J.Zhou, etal.133-W pulsed fiber amplifier with large-mode-area fiber. Opt. Eng.,2006,45 (1):010502
[4]T. Y. Fan. Laser Beam Combining for High-Power, High-Radiance Sources. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS,2005, 11 (3):567～577
[5]T. Y. Fan, A. Sanchez. Coherent (phased array) and wavelength (spectral) beam combining compared. Proceedings of SPIE 5709,2005,157～164
[6]V. A. Kozlov, J. H.Cordero, T. F. Morse. All-fiber coherent beam combining of fiber lasers. Opt. Lett.,1999,24(24):1814～1816
[7]M. Minden. Coherent Coupling of a Fiber Amplifier Array. Thirteenth Annual Solid State and Diode Laser Technology Review (SSDLTR), June 5-8,2000
[8]H. Bruesselbach, M. L. Minden, S.Q. Wang, etal. A coherent fiber array based laser link for atmospheric aberration mitigation and power scaling. Proc. of SPIE 5338:90～101
[9]M. Mangir, H. Bruesselbach, M. Minden, etal. Atmospheric aberration mitigation and transmitter power scaling using a coherent fiber array. IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings,2004,1745～1750
[10]M. Mangir, H. Bruesselbach, M. Minden, etal. Fiber Amplifier Array For Transmitter Power Scaling And Atmospheric Aberration Mitigation. SSDLTR 2004,328～331
[11]H.Bruesselbach, S.Q.Wang, M.Minden, etal. Power scalable Phase compensating fiber-array transceiver for laser communications through the atmosphere. J. Opt. Soc.Am.B,2005,22 (2):347～353
[12]T. R. O'Meara. The multidither principle in adaptive optics. J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1977,67 (3):306～315
[13]S. Hofer, H. Zellrner, J.P. Raske, etal. Coherent beam combining of fiber amplifiers. CLEO/Europe,2003, pp635
[14]J. Anderegg, S. Brosnan, M.Weber, etal.8-watt coherently phased 4-element fiber array. Proc. of SPIE 4974:1-5
[15]M. Wickham, D. Hammons, J. Anderegg, etal. High power fiber array coherent combination demonstration. SSDLTR2003
[16]W.C. Holton. Scalable, high-power fiber laser produces coherent output. Laser Focus World July,2003
[17]J. Anderegg, S. Brosnan, E. Cheung, etal. Coherently Coupled High Power Fiber Arrays. Proc. of SPIE 6102:61020U-1-5
[18]S. J. Augst, T. Y. Fan, A. Sanchez. Coherent beam combining of ytterbium fiber laser amplifiers. CLEO,2003
[19]S. J. Augst, T. Y. Fan, A. Sanchez. Coherent combining of two 10-W ytterbium fiber laser amplifiers. SSDLTR2003
[20]S. J. Augst, T. Y. Fan, A. Sanchez. Coherent beam combining and phase noise measurements of ytterbium fiber amplifiers. Opt. Lett.,2004,29(5):474-476
[21]T. M. Shay, V. Benham. First Experimental Demonstration of Phase Locking of Optical Fiber Arrays by RF Phase Modulation. Proceedings of SPIE 5550: 313-319
[22]T. M. Shay, V. Benham, L.J. Spring, etal. Self-Referenced Locking of Optical Coherence by Single-detector Electronic-Frequency Tagging. Proc. of SPIE 6102:61020V-1-5
[23]B. W. Grime, W.B. Roh, T. G. Alley. Beam phasing multiple fiber amplifiers using a fiber phase conjugate mirror. Proc. of SPIE 6102:61021C-1-8
[24]V. I. Kovalev, R. G Harrison. Coherent beam combining of fiber amplifier array output through spectral self-phase conjugation via SBS. Proc. of SPIE 6102: 61021B-1-8
[25]G. D. Goodno, H. Komine, S. J. McNaught, etal. Coherent combination of high-power, zigzag slab lasers. Opt. Lett.,2006,31 (9):1247-1249
[26]G.Goodno, H.Komine, S.McNaught, etal. Multi-kW near-diffraction-limited single-frequency Nd:YAG laser. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe,2005, pp25
[27]K. H. No, R. W. Herrick, C. Leung, etal. One Dimensional Scaling of 100 Ridge Waveguide Amplifiers. IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett.,1994,6 (9):1062-1066
[28]K. H. No, R. W. Herrick, C.Leung, etal. two dimensional scaling of ridge waveguide amplifiers. SPIE 2148:80-90
[29]D. Krebs, R. Herrick, K. No, etal.22 W Coherent GaA1As Amplifier array with 400 emitters. IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett.,1991,3 (4):292-295
[30]周仁忠,阎吉祥,俞信等.自适应光学.北京：国防工业出版社,1996
[31]J. Levy, K. Roh. Coherent Array of 900 Semiconductor Laser Amplifiers. SPIE 2382:58-69
[32]J. M. Bernard, R. A. Chodzko, J. G. Coffer. Master oscillator with power amplifiers:performance of a two-element cw HF phased laser array. Appl. Opt., 1989,28 (21):4543-4547
[33]R. A. Chodzko, J. M. Bernard, H.Mirels. Coherent combination of multiline lasers. SPIE 1224:239-253
[34]J. G. Coffer, J.M.Bernard, R. A. Chodzko, etal. Experiments with active phase matching of parallel-amplified Multiline HF laser beams by a phase-locked Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Appl. Opt,1983,22 (1):142-148
[35]J.Hou, R. Xiao, Z.F Jiang, etal. Coherent Beam Combination of Two Polarization Maintaining Ytterbium Fibre Amplifiers. Chin.Phys.Lett.,2005,22 (9): 2273-2275
[36]肖瑞,侯静,姜宗福.光纤激光器的相干合成技术.激光技术,2005,29(5)：516～518
[37]B. He, Q.H. Lou, J. Zhou, et al. High power coherent beam combination from two fiber lasers. J. Opt. Express,2006,14 (7):2721-2726
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