嵌入式网络监测系统研究与设计
摘要
嵌入式系统在日常生活中得到越来越广泛的应用，随着技术的发展和实际应用的需要，在很多嵌入式系统应用中体现出跟因特网互连进行信息共享的必要性，但由于嵌入式系统本身资源的有限性，要实现复杂的网络协议栈使嵌入式宿主设备具备网络功能，目前还比较困难，特别在8位单片机上实现，有更多的困难需要考虑。
根据实际需要提出了一种采用8位单片机实现嵌入式Internet的实现方法，并研制了一套UPS／EPS远程网络监控系统。系统通过在传统UPS内嵌入一块网络板，提供一个UPS与以太网的接口从而使UPS具备网络监测功能，文章详细介绍了本套网络监控系统的设计思想及过程，内容包括网络板电路设计，精简的TCP／IP协议栈设计，网络板总体软件设计以及基于WINDOWS的网络监控软件及参数设置软件设计，网络板电路设计和嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈的实现是系统设计的关键，文章对这两部分做了重点阐述，嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈实现的协议包括：802.3以太网协议，ARP，IP，ICMP，UDP，TCP，同时，嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈与基于WINDOWS平台的网络监控软件通信的实现也是本系统实现的关键，文章对这一部分也作了详细说明。文章最后说明了网络监控系统的调试及测试结果。本套网络监控系统一次性通过了青岛创统科技有限公司的产品鉴定，现已批量生产，说明文章提出的嵌入式Internet实现方法可行而且具有广阔的应用前景。
In recent years, embedded systems are widely used in daily life. With the development of technology and practical application demand, more and more embedded applications demonstrate that it' s necessary to realize Internet connectivity between embedded system and Internet. But it' s difficult to embed the complicated TCP/IP protocol stack into embedded system because of its limited resource, especially in 8bit systems.
According to practical project demand, putting forward a method which enable 8bit embedded system connect to Internet. With this method, An embedded UPS/EPS remote network monitor system was designed. It is realized by embedding a network board into traditional UPS or EPS. The network board supplies UPS an Interface to Ethernet, this can make UPS or EPS connect to Internet. The paper describes how to design the system in detail, which includes network board hardware design, embedded TCP/IP protocol stack design, the whole software realization of network board and two WINDOWS platform software (network monitor software and parameter setup software). The network board hardware design and embedded TCP/IP realization is the core part of this system, the paper describes these two parts as focus, the realized embedded TCP/IP protocol stack includes 802.3 Ethernet protocol, IP, ICMP, ARP, UDP, TCP. At the same time the communication realization between embedded TCP/IP and network monitor software is critical too in
the system, it is described in detail too. Finally the paper describes the debug and test result of the whole system. The system passed product appraisal one time by QingDao GOMA Co. Ltd. Now it has been widely produced. All these illustrated the method of embedded Internet is feasible and has good application foreground.
根据实际需要提出了一种采用8位单片机实现嵌入式Internet的实现方法，并研制了一套UPS／EPS远程网络监控系统。系统通过在传统UPS内嵌入一块网络板，提供一个UPS与以太网的接口从而使UPS具备网络监测功能，文章详细介绍了本套网络监控系统的设计思想及过程，内容包括网络板电路设计，精简的TCP／IP协议栈设计，网络板总体软件设计以及基于WINDOWS的网络监控软件及参数设置软件设计，网络板电路设计和嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈的实现是系统设计的关键，文章对这两部分做了重点阐述，嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈实现的协议包括：802.3以太网协议，ARP，IP，ICMP，UDP，TCP，同时，嵌入式TCP／IP协议栈与基于WINDOWS平台的网络监控软件通信的实现也是本系统实现的关键，文章对这一部分也作了详细说明。文章最后说明了网络监控系统的调试及测试结果。本套网络监控系统一次性通过了青岛创统科技有限公司的产品鉴定，现已批量生产，说明文章提出的嵌入式Internet实现方法可行而且具有广阔的应用前景。
In recent years, embedded systems are widely used in daily life. With the development of technology and practical application demand, more and more embedded applications demonstrate that it' s necessary to realize Internet connectivity between embedded system and Internet. But it' s difficult to embed the complicated TCP/IP protocol stack into embedded system because of its limited resource, especially in 8bit systems.
According to practical project demand, putting forward a method which enable 8bit embedded system connect to Internet. With this method, An embedded UPS/EPS remote network monitor system was designed. It is realized by embedding a network board into traditional UPS or EPS. The network board supplies UPS an Interface to Ethernet, this can make UPS or EPS connect to Internet. The paper describes how to design the system in detail, which includes network board hardware design, embedded TCP/IP protocol stack design, the whole software realization of network board and two WINDOWS platform software (network monitor software and parameter setup software). The network board hardware design and embedded TCP/IP realization is the core part of this system, the paper describes these two parts as focus, the realized embedded TCP/IP protocol stack includes 802.3 Ethernet protocol, IP, ICMP, ARP, UDP, TCP. At the same time the communication realization between embedded TCP/IP and network monitor software is critical too in
the system, it is described in detail too. Finally the paper describes the debug and test result of the whole system. The system passed product appraisal one time by QingDao GOMA Co. Ltd. Now it has been widely produced. All these illustrated the method of embedded Internet is feasible and has good application foreground.
引文
[1] 探矽工作室．嵌入式系统开发圣经．北京：中国青年出版社，2002
[2] Jean J．Labrosse著．袁勤勇，黄绍金，唐青译．嵌入式系统构件(第2版)．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[3] 康华光．电子技术基础数字部分(第三版)．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[4] 康华光．电子技术基础模拟部分(第三版)．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[5] 樊昌信，詹道庸，徐炳祥等．通信原理(第四版)．北京：国防工业出版社，1995
[6] 丁元杰．单片微机原理及应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[7] 何立民．单片机应用系统设计．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1990
[8] 李成章，王淑芳．新型UPS不间断电源原理与维修技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1995
[9] 王勇，姚亦峰，陈抗生．一种嵌入式系统接入Internet的方法及实现．电子技术，2000(9)：12-15
[10] Ubico, Inc. The Embedded Internet. URL: www. ubicom, com. May, 2002
[11] 禾青．智能家电和信息家电的INTERNET连接．电子产品世界，2001(4A)：20-21
[12] 林伟．实现INTERNET远程控制的工业控制网．电子技术，2001(1)：9-10
[13] 吕京建，肖海桥．嵌入式INTERNET技术及其应用．今日电子，1999(10)：24-26
[14] 黎明．Webchip智能Internet网络接口芯片及其应用．力源工程杂志，2000(1)
[15] Zilog, Inc. An Introduction to TCP/IP For Embedded System Designers. URL: www. zworld. com. September, 2001
[16] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO. LTD. SPECIFICATION OF RTL8019AS (Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller With Plug and Play Function). URL: www. realtek. com. tw. July, 2000
[17] X25043/45 Datasheet and Application Note. AN21 XICOR, 1996
[18] PHILIPS. p89c51rd2 datasheet. URL: www. semiconductor, philips. com. June, 2001
[19] Atmel Corporation. t89c51rd2 datasheet. URL: www. atmel. com. Feb,
2001
[20] Andrew S．Tanenbaum著，熊桂喜，王小虎等译．计算机网络(第三版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1998
[21] Larry L．Peterson，Bruce S．Davie．Computer Networks．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[22] Douglas E．Comer，David L．Stevens．用TCP／IP进行网际互连第二卷．北京：电子工业出版社，2001，4
[23] Gray R，Wright．W，Richard Stevens．TCP／IP详解．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[24] J. Bentham. TCP/IP Lean: Web server for embedded systems. CMP Books, October 2000.
[25] Atmel Corporation, Embedded webserver AVR 460. URL: www. atmel. com. January, 2001
[26] R. Braden. Requirements for internet hosts-communication layers RFC813. Internet Engineering Task Force, july 1982
[27] I. Winston. Two methods for the transmission of IP datagram over IEEE 802.3 networks RFC0948. JUN, 1985
[28] Stephen T．Satchell，H．B．J Clifford著，刘隆国等译．IP协议源代码分析．北京：机械工业出版社
[29] A. Dunkels. uIP-a TCP/IP stack for 8-and 16- bit microcontroller. http://dunkels. com/adam. October, 2002
[30] J. Psotel. Internet protocol RFC791. Internet Engineering Task Force, September 1981
[31] J. Postel. Transmission control protocol RFC793. Internet Engineering Task Force September, 1981.
[32] J. Postel, J. Reynolds. IP and ARP on IEEE 802 Networks RFC 1042. Internet Engineering Task Force, 1988
[33] C. Partridge, S. Pink. A faster UDP IEEE/ACM Transactions in Networking. 1(4)429-439 August 1993
[34] John．Ray．TCP／IP开发使用手册．北京：机械工业出版社，1999
[35] 谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学，1991
[36] Rick Grehan，Robert Moote，Ingo Cyliax著，许汝峰译．32位嵌入系统编程．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[37] JEAN J．LABROSSE著，邵贝贝译．UC／OS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[38] 唐仕斌，曾文海，戴瑜兴．嵌入式INTERNET以太网接口设计及实现．低压电器，2003(2)：41-44
[39] TANG Shi bin, ZENG Wen hai, DAI Yu xing. TCP/IP Protocol Stack Design for An Embedded System. ICEMI' 2003(8): 461-464
[40] 侯俊杰．深入浅出MFC(第二版)．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2001
[41] 王广伟．windows sockets网络编程．计算机应用研究，2000(8)：51-54
[42] 赵志诚等．基于C／S模式Winsock网络通讯程序的开发．计算机工程，2000(4)：24-25
[43] 张晖等．一种WIN平台下主从式通讯协议设计及实现．微计算机信息，2001(1)：42-43
[44] Charles Petzold. Programming Windows 95. Microsoft Press, 1998
[45] David J．Kruglinski著，朱继满，蒋方帅等译．Visual C++ 6．0技术内幕(第五版)(修订版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社，1999
[46] 雷斌，杨建华，黄超．Visual C++6．0网络编程技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2000
[47] 谭思亮，邹超群．VISUAL C++串口通信工程开发实例导航．北京：人民邮电出版社，2003
[48] Bruce Eckel著，刘宗田，袁兆山等译．C++编程思想(第一卷)．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[49] Anthony Jones, Jim Ohmund, Jim Ohlund etal. Network Programming for Microsoft Windows(2nd Edition). Microsoft Press, 2002
[50] 陈坚，陈伟．VISUAL C++网络高级编程．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001
[51] H．M．Deitel，P．J．Deitel著，薛万鹏等译．C++程序设计教程．北京：机械工业出版社，2000
[52] 李勇，戴瑜兴．以8位单片机实现信息家电连接Internet的解决方案．电工技术杂志，2003(6)：36-38
[53] Li Yong, Dai Yuxing. A Simple Method on Design the software Module of Embedded Gateway Based on TCP/IP Protocol. 电子与仪器学报，2002(8): 490-494
[2] Jean J．Labrosse著．袁勤勇，黄绍金，唐青译．嵌入式系统构件(第2版)．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[3] 康华光．电子技术基础数字部分(第三版)．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[4] 康华光．电子技术基础模拟部分(第三版)．北京：高等教育出版社，1988
[5] 樊昌信，詹道庸，徐炳祥等．通信原理(第四版)．北京：国防工业出版社，1995
[6] 丁元杰．单片微机原理及应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[7] 何立民．单片机应用系统设计．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1990
[8] 李成章，王淑芳．新型UPS不间断电源原理与维修技术．北京：电子工业出版社，1995
[9] 王勇，姚亦峰，陈抗生．一种嵌入式系统接入Internet的方法及实现．电子技术，2000(9)：12-15
[10] Ubico, Inc. The Embedded Internet. URL: www. ubicom, com. May, 2002
[11] 禾青．智能家电和信息家电的INTERNET连接．电子产品世界，2001(4A)：20-21
[12] 林伟．实现INTERNET远程控制的工业控制网．电子技术，2001(1)：9-10
[13] 吕京建，肖海桥．嵌入式INTERNET技术及其应用．今日电子，1999(10)：24-26
[14] 黎明．Webchip智能Internet网络接口芯片及其应用．力源工程杂志，2000(1)
[15] Zilog, Inc. An Introduction to TCP/IP For Embedded System Designers. URL: www. zworld. com. September, 2001
[16] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO. LTD. SPECIFICATION OF RTL8019AS (Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller With Plug and Play Function). URL: www. realtek. com. tw. July, 2000
[17] X25043/45 Datasheet and Application Note. AN21 XICOR, 1996
[18] PHILIPS. p89c51rd2 datasheet. URL: www. semiconductor, philips. com. June, 2001
[19] Atmel Corporation. t89c51rd2 datasheet. URL: www. atmel. com. Feb,
2001
[20] Andrew S．Tanenbaum著，熊桂喜，王小虎等译．计算机网络(第三版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1998
[21] Larry L．Peterson，Bruce S．Davie．Computer Networks．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[22] Douglas E．Comer，David L．Stevens．用TCP／IP进行网际互连第二卷．北京：电子工业出版社，2001，4
[23] Gray R，Wright．W，Richard Stevens．TCP／IP详解．北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[24] J. Bentham. TCP/IP Lean: Web server for embedded systems. CMP Books, October 2000.
[25] Atmel Corporation, Embedded webserver AVR 460. URL: www. atmel. com. January, 2001
[26] R. Braden. Requirements for internet hosts-communication layers RFC813. Internet Engineering Task Force, july 1982
[27] I. Winston. Two methods for the transmission of IP datagram over IEEE 802.3 networks RFC0948. JUN, 1985
[28] Stephen T．Satchell，H．B．J Clifford著，刘隆国等译．IP协议源代码分析．北京：机械工业出版社
[29] A. Dunkels. uIP-a TCP/IP stack for 8-and 16- bit microcontroller. http://dunkels. com/adam. October, 2002
[30] J. Psotel. Internet protocol RFC791. Internet Engineering Task Force, September 1981
[31] J. Postel. Transmission control protocol RFC793. Internet Engineering Task Force September, 1981.
[32] J. Postel, J. Reynolds. IP and ARP on IEEE 802 Networks RFC 1042. Internet Engineering Task Force, 1988
[33] C. Partridge, S. Pink. A faster UDP IEEE/ACM Transactions in Networking. 1(4)429-439 August 1993
[34] John．Ray．TCP／IP开发使用手册．北京：机械工业出版社，1999
[35] 谭浩强．C程序设计．北京：清华大学，1991
[36] Rick Grehan，Robert Moote，Ingo Cyliax著，许汝峰译．32位嵌入系统编程．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[37] JEAN J．LABROSSE著，邵贝贝译．UC／OS-Ⅱ源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统．北京：中国电力出版社，2001
[38] 唐仕斌，曾文海，戴瑜兴．嵌入式INTERNET以太网接口设计及实现．低压电器，2003(2)：41-44
[39] TANG Shi bin, ZENG Wen hai, DAI Yu xing. TCP/IP Protocol Stack Design for An Embedded System. ICEMI' 2003(8): 461-464
[40] 侯俊杰．深入浅出MFC(第二版)．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2001
[41] 王广伟．windows sockets网络编程．计算机应用研究，2000(8)：51-54
[42] 赵志诚等．基于C／S模式Winsock网络通讯程序的开发．计算机工程，2000(4)：24-25
[43] 张晖等．一种WIN平台下主从式通讯协议设计及实现．微计算机信息，2001(1)：42-43
[44] Charles Petzold. Programming Windows 95. Microsoft Press, 1998
[45] David J．Kruglinski著，朱继满，蒋方帅等译．Visual C++ 6．0技术内幕(第五版)(修订版)．北京：北京希望电子出版社，1999
[46] 雷斌，杨建华，黄超．Visual C++6．0网络编程技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2000
[47] 谭思亮，邹超群．VISUAL C++串口通信工程开发实例导航．北京：人民邮电出版社，2003
[48] Bruce Eckel著，刘宗田，袁兆山等译．C++编程思想(第一卷)．北京：机械工业出版社，2002
[49] Anthony Jones, Jim Ohmund, Jim Ohlund etal. Network Programming for Microsoft Windows(2nd Edition). Microsoft Press, 2002
[50] 陈坚，陈伟．VISUAL C++网络高级编程．北京：人民邮电出版社，2001
[51] H．M．Deitel，P．J．Deitel著，薛万鹏等译．C++程序设计教程．北京：机械工业出版社，2000
[52] 李勇，戴瑜兴．以8位单片机实现信息家电连接Internet的解决方案．电工技术杂志，2003(6)：36-38
[53] Li Yong, Dai Yuxing. A Simple Method on Design the software Module of Embedded Gateway Based on TCP/IP Protocol. 电子与仪器学报，2002(8): 490-494