基于嵌入式Web服务器的热处理远程监控系统研究
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摘要
热处理是奥贝球铁(ADI)生产的关键步骤,热处理过程中温度、时间等工艺参数的变化对产品各项性能指标都有直接的影响。传统热处理监控系统大都以信息孤岛的形式存在,与外界缺少信息数据交换。
本文从热处理远程监控系统的设计目标出发,分析了ADI热处理工艺过程,并针对ADI热处理工艺要求提出了热处理远程监控系统设计的技术指标。提出了两种系统解决方案,并对两种方案进行了比较。按照选定方案的设计,将热处理远程监控系统分为温度控制子系统、PLC控制子系统和嵌入式Web服务器子系统三部分,并分别介绍。
本文以嵌入式Web服务器的设计和实现为主要研究内容。硬件上采用基于ARM7TDMI内核的S3C44B0X作为核心处理器,外部扩展Flash、SDRAM、串行通信接口及以太网接口。Flash用作Bootloader、uClinux内核及文件系统的存放,SDRAM用作运行及数据存储空间,串行通信口用作和PLC通信,以太网接口用于提供远程Internet接入。
软件上,采用U-Boot作为系统Bootloader,在对Bootloader结构进行分析后将U-Boot移植到嵌入式Web服务器。选用uClinux作为操作系统,在分析其特性后给出了移植uClinux到本系统的方法。同时,本文还介绍了一种基于网络的交叉编译环境构建方法。
本文对uClinux上的Web服务器的构建进行了研究,采用Boa和CGI的方式构建嵌入式Web服务器。对Boa及CGI原理进行了简要介绍。并给出了通过修改Boa源代码实现多用户认证的方法。
对于热处理远程监控系统的具体实现,本文给出了静态页面、CGI程序及串口通信程序之间的调用关系,并且对CGI程序和串口通信程序的实现作了分析。
The heat treatment is the important step in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) manufacture, the change in parameters such as temperature, time, etc, in the process of heat treatment, has direct influence on products' performance index. The traditional control systems of heat treatment are mostly like some isolated islands, and there is no communication with the external world.The target of this paper is to design a remote monitoring system of the heat treatment. After analyzing the process of ADI heat treatment, this paper proposes the system requirement of the remote monitoring system according to the process of ADI heat treatment. Proposes two different solutions of the remote monitoring system and makes comparation of them. The selected solution divides the whole system into 3 parts, which are: temperature control subsystem, PLC control subsystem and embedded Web server subsystem.The research of embedded Web server subsystem is the main content of this paper. ARM7TDMI based S3C44B0X is employed to be central processing unit and the peripheral hardware is compose of Flash, SDRAM, serial communication interface and Ethernet interface. Flash is used to preserve Bootloader, uClinux kernel and file system;SDRAM is used to be operating space and data memory;serial communication port is used to communicate with PLC;Ethernet interface is used to be Internet interface.Software adopts U-Boot as systematic Bootloader. This paper describes the process of transplant U-Boot to embedded Web server after analyzing the structure of Bootloader. Analyzes the characteristic of uClinux and introduces how to transplant it to the system. Besides, a network based cross compile environment is researched.This dissertation researches on the construction of Web server with Boa and CGI on uClinux, and on the method of multi-user authentication by modifying the source code of Boa.As regards the realization of the remote monitoring system, this paper researches the active relation between HTML pages, CGI program and serial communication application. At the end of this paper, the realization of CGI and serial communication application is analyzed.
本文从热处理远程监控系统的设计目标出发,分析了ADI热处理工艺过程,并针对ADI热处理工艺要求提出了热处理远程监控系统设计的技术指标。提出了两种系统解决方案,并对两种方案进行了比较。按照选定方案的设计,将热处理远程监控系统分为温度控制子系统、PLC控制子系统和嵌入式Web服务器子系统三部分,并分别介绍。
本文以嵌入式Web服务器的设计和实现为主要研究内容。硬件上采用基于ARM7TDMI内核的S3C44B0X作为核心处理器,外部扩展Flash、SDRAM、串行通信接口及以太网接口。Flash用作Bootloader、uClinux内核及文件系统的存放,SDRAM用作运行及数据存储空间,串行通信口用作和PLC通信,以太网接口用于提供远程Internet接入。
软件上,采用U-Boot作为系统Bootloader,在对Bootloader结构进行分析后将U-Boot移植到嵌入式Web服务器。选用uClinux作为操作系统,在分析其特性后给出了移植uClinux到本系统的方法。同时,本文还介绍了一种基于网络的交叉编译环境构建方法。
本文对uClinux上的Web服务器的构建进行了研究,采用Boa和CGI的方式构建嵌入式Web服务器。对Boa及CGI原理进行了简要介绍。并给出了通过修改Boa源代码实现多用户认证的方法。
对于热处理远程监控系统的具体实现,本文给出了静态页面、CGI程序及串口通信程序之间的调用关系,并且对CGI程序和串口通信程序的实现作了分析。
The heat treatment is the important step in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) manufacture, the change in parameters such as temperature, time, etc, in the process of heat treatment, has direct influence on products' performance index. The traditional control systems of heat treatment are mostly like some isolated islands, and there is no communication with the external world.The target of this paper is to design a remote monitoring system of the heat treatment. After analyzing the process of ADI heat treatment, this paper proposes the system requirement of the remote monitoring system according to the process of ADI heat treatment. Proposes two different solutions of the remote monitoring system and makes comparation of them. The selected solution divides the whole system into 3 parts, which are: temperature control subsystem, PLC control subsystem and embedded Web server subsystem.The research of embedded Web server subsystem is the main content of this paper. ARM7TDMI based S3C44B0X is employed to be central processing unit and the peripheral hardware is compose of Flash, SDRAM, serial communication interface and Ethernet interface. Flash is used to preserve Bootloader, uClinux kernel and file system;SDRAM is used to be operating space and data memory;serial communication port is used to communicate with PLC;Ethernet interface is used to be Internet interface.Software adopts U-Boot as systematic Bootloader. This paper describes the process of transplant U-Boot to embedded Web server after analyzing the structure of Bootloader. Analyzes the characteristic of uClinux and introduces how to transplant it to the system. Besides, a network based cross compile environment is researched.This dissertation researches on the construction of Web server with Boa and CGI on uClinux, and on the method of multi-user authentication by modifying the source code of Boa.As regards the realization of the remote monitoring system, this paper researches the active relation between HTML pages, CGI program and serial communication application. At the end of this paper, the realization of CGI and serial communication application is analyzed.
引文
[1] 李洁,詹家杰.等温淬火热处理自动生产线的研制.武汉船舶职业技术学院学报,2005,3:21～23
[2] A. Refaey, N. Fatahalla. Effect of microstructure on properties of ADI and low alloyed ductile iron. Journal of Materials Science, 2003, 2(38): 351～362
[3] 范志康,R.A.Harding.发达国家奥贝球铁(ADI)的研究与进展.铸造技术,1994,3:37～42
[4] 张立文,赵亮,张全忠,等.热处理生产过程控制系统的开发与应用.金属热处理,2006,31(2):75～78
[5] 张庆森,曾勇.轧板热处理PLC控制系统.自动化博览,2004,5:39～40
[6] 王春鸽,金长久.热处理炉的计算机控制.现代铸铁,2004,6:62～63
[7] 赵振杰.基于PLC三级工业控制网络系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].青岛:山东科技大学,2005
[8] 李岩岩.热处理过程控制小型集散系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2003
[9] Whe Dar Lin. A Web Services Method on Embedded Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005(3579): 600
[10] 董军.基于嵌入式Internet技术的远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004
[11] 付小晶,贺建飚.嵌入式因特网技术及其发展.电子科技,2004,8(8):56～63
[12] Jim Brady. Build Your Own 8051 Web Server.Circuit Cellar, 2002, 9(146): 34～40
[13] Arthur Segard, Francois Verdier. SOC and RTOS: Managing IPs and Tasks Communications. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004(3203): 710～718
[14] 李农.因特网技术在嵌入式系统中的应用.测控技术,2000,4(19):15～16
[15] 王泽华.等温淬火球铁(ADI)的研究和应用.机车车辆工艺,2003,8(4):1～5
[16] 龚文邦,向纲,玉余靖.等温淬火球铁(ADI)的热处理技术.现代铸铁,2002,4:10～13
[17] 厦门宇电自动化科技有限公司.宇光AI708使用说明书.2005.1～2
[18] 吴洪洋,何湘宁,吕晓东.PLC控制中通信协议宏的应用.电气传动,2001,1:26～29
[19] ARM Company. ARM-DVI-0027B. ARM7TDMI Core Processor. www.arm.com: ARM Company, 2001
[20] ARM Company. ARM-DDI-0029G. ARM7TDMI Technical Reference Manual. www.arm.com: ARM Company, 2001
[21] Lemieux, J. ARM Thumb [Advanced RISC Machines]. Embedded Systems Programming, 2003, 10 (16): 55～60
[22] SAMSUNG Electronic Ld. S3C44B0 RISC Microprocessor Datasheet. South Korea SAMSUNG Electronic, 2004.1～6
[23] 田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[24] 周立功等.ARM微控制器基础与实战.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.234～256
[25] 程文俊,徐文闻.Internet网络视频监控在嵌入式系统下的设计与实现.可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2005,10:106～109
[26] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO., LTD. RTL8019AS. Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function (RealPNP), 2000. 23～40
[27] 简易Telnet与SSH主机设定.http://www.chinaitlab.com
[28] 詹荣开.嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕.http://www-128ibmcom/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/index.html
[29] Zhang Jin, Jiang Wei.Start sequence and porting steps of u-boot. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2005, 7(25): 68～71
[30] The DENX U-Boot and Linux Guide (DULG) for TQM8xxL. http://www.denx.de/wiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual
[31] 章永阳.U-Boot在44B0X开发板上的移植以及代码分析.http://www.embeded.cn,2003.12
[32] 万加富,张占松,闫荷花.uClinux系统分析.计算机与现代化,2003,10:4～6
[33] Chanet D, De Sutter B, De Bus B, et al. System-wide compaction and specialization of the Linux kernel. ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES, 2005, 7(40): 95-104
[34] http://www.uclinux.org/
[35] 吴旭.移植uClinux到嵌入式系统的方法.中国数据通信,2005,4:58～60
[36] 陆宝格,何锐.如何编译uClinux内核.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,11:76～80
[37] 郑伟,徐荣华,王钦若.嵌入式Linux系统CGI程序设计技术.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,10:21～24
[38] 刘国梅,郑安平.uClinux下动态Web技术的实现方法.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,2:67～69
[39] 王羲,任琦梅.基于4480平台的uC-Linux Web服务器实现方法研究.微计算机信息,2005,3:76～77
[40] 姚洪智,郑雪峰,曹磊.基于CGI接口实现嵌入式系统远程控制.微机发展,2004,9(14):7～10
[41] 曹玲芝,石军,栾娟.Boa源码分析及其在嵌入式系统中的应用.计算机与数字工程, 2005,6(33):10～12
[42] 左锦.Linux下串口编程入门.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-serials/index.html
[43] 唐建东,卢贵主.嵌入式操作系统Linux中的串口应用编程.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,8:82～84
[44] 汤碧玉,曾楠,郑灵翔,等.嵌入式系统中基于Web的远程监控设计与实现.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,5(43):633～636
[45] William Gatliff. The Linux 2.4 Kemel's Startup Procedure. http://www.embedded.com
[2] A. Refaey, N. Fatahalla. Effect of microstructure on properties of ADI and low alloyed ductile iron. Journal of Materials Science, 2003, 2(38): 351～362
[3] 范志康,R.A.Harding.发达国家奥贝球铁(ADI)的研究与进展.铸造技术,1994,3:37～42
[4] 张立文,赵亮,张全忠,等.热处理生产过程控制系统的开发与应用.金属热处理,2006,31(2):75～78
[5] 张庆森,曾勇.轧板热处理PLC控制系统.自动化博览,2004,5:39～40
[6] 王春鸽,金长久.热处理炉的计算机控制.现代铸铁,2004,6:62～63
[7] 赵振杰.基于PLC三级工业控制网络系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].青岛:山东科技大学,2005
[8] 李岩岩.热处理过程控制小型集散系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2003
[9] Whe Dar Lin. A Web Services Method on Embedded Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005(3579): 600
[10] 董军.基于嵌入式Internet技术的远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004
[11] 付小晶,贺建飚.嵌入式因特网技术及其发展.电子科技,2004,8(8):56～63
[12] Jim Brady. Build Your Own 8051 Web Server.Circuit Cellar, 2002, 9(146): 34～40
[13] Arthur Segard, Francois Verdier. SOC and RTOS: Managing IPs and Tasks Communications. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004(3203): 710～718
[14] 李农.因特网技术在嵌入式系统中的应用.测控技术,2000,4(19):15～16
[15] 王泽华.等温淬火球铁(ADI)的研究和应用.机车车辆工艺,2003,8(4):1～5
[16] 龚文邦,向纲,玉余靖.等温淬火球铁(ADI)的热处理技术.现代铸铁,2002,4:10～13
[17] 厦门宇电自动化科技有限公司.宇光AI708使用说明书.2005.1～2
[18] 吴洪洋,何湘宁,吕晓东.PLC控制中通信协议宏的应用.电气传动,2001,1:26～29
[19] ARM Company. ARM-DVI-0027B. ARM7TDMI Core Processor. www.arm.com: ARM Company, 2001
[20] ARM Company. ARM-DDI-0029G. ARM7TDMI Technical Reference Manual. www.arm.com: ARM Company, 2001
[21] Lemieux, J. ARM Thumb [Advanced RISC Machines]. Embedded Systems Programming, 2003, 10 (16): 55～60
[22] SAMSUNG Electronic Ld. S3C44B0 RISC Microprocessor Datasheet. South Korea SAMSUNG Electronic, 2004.1～6
[23] 田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[24] 周立功等.ARM微控制器基础与实战.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.234～256
[25] 程文俊,徐文闻.Internet网络视频监控在嵌入式系统下的设计与实现.可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2005,10:106～109
[26] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO., LTD. RTL8019AS. Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function (RealPNP), 2000. 23～40
[27] 简易Telnet与SSH主机设定.http://www.chinaitlab.com
[28] 詹荣开.嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕.http://www-128ibmcom/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/index.html
[29] Zhang Jin, Jiang Wei.Start sequence and porting steps of u-boot. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2005, 7(25): 68～71
[30] The DENX U-Boot and Linux Guide (DULG) for TQM8xxL. http://www.denx.de/wiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual
[31] 章永阳.U-Boot在44B0X开发板上的移植以及代码分析.http://www.embeded.cn,2003.12
[32] 万加富,张占松,闫荷花.uClinux系统分析.计算机与现代化,2003,10:4～6
[33] Chanet D, De Sutter B, De Bus B, et al. System-wide compaction and specialization of the Linux kernel. ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES, 2005, 7(40): 95-104
[34] http://www.uclinux.org/
[35] 吴旭.移植uClinux到嵌入式系统的方法.中国数据通信,2005,4:58～60
[36] 陆宝格,何锐.如何编译uClinux内核.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,11:76～80
[37] 郑伟,徐荣华,王钦若.嵌入式Linux系统CGI程序设计技术.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,10:21～24
[38] 刘国梅,郑安平.uClinux下动态Web技术的实现方法.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,2:67～69
[39] 王羲,任琦梅.基于4480平台的uC-Linux Web服务器实现方法研究.微计算机信息,2005,3:76～77
[40] 姚洪智,郑雪峰,曹磊.基于CGI接口实现嵌入式系统远程控制.微机发展,2004,9(14):7～10
[41] 曹玲芝,石军,栾娟.Boa源码分析及其在嵌入式系统中的应用.计算机与数字工程, 2005,6(33):10～12
[42] 左锦.Linux下串口编程入门.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-serials/index.html
[43] 唐建东,卢贵主.嵌入式操作系统Linux中的串口应用编程.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,8:82～84
[44] 汤碧玉,曾楠,郑灵翔,等.嵌入式系统中基于Web的远程监控设计与实现.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,5(43):633～636
[45] William Gatliff. The Linux 2.4 Kemel's Startup Procedure. http://www.embedded.com