马家山—堡子湾长6_1油藏三维地质建模研究
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地是我国第二大沉积盆地,也是我国最早发现并进行石油勘探开发的大型含油气盆地之一。上三叠统延长组储层是典型的低孔低渗、低孔特低渗储层。近年来,在对低渗透储层的勘探开发过程中发现了相对优质的储层,本次研究以现代沉积理论和层序地层学方法为指导,综合岩心、露头、测井和分析化验资料,采用各种手段对超低渗储层的物性、非均质性特征进行精细描述,应用等时相控随机建模方法建立三维储层地质模型,为开发方案的调整提供地质依据。
本文以马家山-堡子湾长61油层组为研究对象,通过野外露头和岩心的精细观察,结合区域沉积背景,确定该区的沉积相类型属于三角洲前缘沉积,以标志层控制、沉积旋回对比与岩相厚度法,建立了地层等时格架,通过对岩心相和测井相的分析,揭示了等时地层格架内的沉积展布和演化规律。从“四性”关系研究出发,以试油结果和岩心地质参数统计结果为依据,建立了地质条件约束的测井解释模型,长6油藏的油气水层评价判别标准以及油层有效厚度下限标准,在此基础上,对区内67口井进行了测井综合解释及多井评价。储层的层内非均质较强,平面非均质性严重,且储层的非均质性和隔夹层分布主要受沉积微相和基准面旋回的影响和控制。因此选取影响储层分布最具有代表性的存储系数、地层系数和流动带指数加以分析,将储层划分为3种类型。优势储层分布于水下分流河道主相带上,物性和连通性相对较好,为研究区的主力产层。
最后在综合地质研究的基础上,通过对不同类型地质建模方法的分析和筛选,采用序贯指示随机模拟方法,在层序地层格架的基础上建立构造模型,沉积微相模型和相控属性模型,最终建立了完整的长61油藏的三维地质模型,为油田的开发方案和调整方案提供了可靠的地质基础。
Ordos Basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China. And it is one of the primarily discovered and developed basins which is a large petroleum-bearing basins. The reservoir of Yanchang formation of Upper Triassic in Ordos Basin is well known as low porosity, low permeability, and extra-low permeability. In recent years, during the development of low permeability reservoir, there are many high quality reservoir been discovered. This study takes modern sedimentation theory and sequence stratigraphy as the guidance, integrates data consisting of core, outcrop, well logging and analysis assay to fine describe the physical property and heterogeneity characteristic of low porosity reservoir. The 3D geological model ,which provide the basis for adjustment of development plan, was built with phase-controlled stochastic modeling method.
This paper takes Chang61 reservoir of Majiashan-Baoziwan well field as study object, and determine the sedimentary facies type of this region been the front-delta deposition according to elaborate observation of core and outcrop. The sequence-stratigraphy framework was been built by depositional cycles comparison, lithofacies thickness method and marker bed control. The sedimentary distribution and evolution law of the sequence-stratigraphy framework are revealed through the analysis of core facies and well logging facies.With study about four-relationship, taking test oil result and geological parameter from core data as the basis to build logging interpretation model which under control of geological condition, and evaluation criteria of hydrocarbon and water, the lower limit standard of effective pay thickness. With these study above, we provide integrated interpretation and multi-well evaluation for 47 wells in this region, and provide detailed study for Chang61 reservoir’s microscopic characteristic with multiple analysis for the assay data. The result shows that the pore structure of this reservoir is mainly consisting of fine pore and minute throats. The reservoir get serious heterogeneity characteristic in layer, so the heterogeneity characteristic and interbed distribution are mainly under control of sedimentary micro-facies and base level cycle.For this situation, we should choose representational packing coefficient, formation coefficient and flow zone index as basis to divide the reservoir into three types. The reservoir with higher quality distribute on underwater distributary channel of main facies and main production layer of study area with better physical properties and connectivity.
Based on comprehensive geological study, with analyzing and selecting for multiple modeling methods, adopt sequential indicator stochastic simulation to build structure model, micro-facies model and phase-controlled attribute model on the basis of sequence stratigraphic framework. The complete 3D geological model is built finally, and it could provide geological basis for development plan and adjustment plan of oil field
本文以马家山-堡子湾长61油层组为研究对象,通过野外露头和岩心的精细观察,结合区域沉积背景,确定该区的沉积相类型属于三角洲前缘沉积,以标志层控制、沉积旋回对比与岩相厚度法,建立了地层等时格架,通过对岩心相和测井相的分析,揭示了等时地层格架内的沉积展布和演化规律。从“四性”关系研究出发,以试油结果和岩心地质参数统计结果为依据,建立了地质条件约束的测井解释模型,长6油藏的油气水层评价判别标准以及油层有效厚度下限标准,在此基础上,对区内67口井进行了测井综合解释及多井评价。储层的层内非均质较强,平面非均质性严重,且储层的非均质性和隔夹层分布主要受沉积微相和基准面旋回的影响和控制。因此选取影响储层分布最具有代表性的存储系数、地层系数和流动带指数加以分析,将储层划分为3种类型。优势储层分布于水下分流河道主相带上,物性和连通性相对较好,为研究区的主力产层。
最后在综合地质研究的基础上,通过对不同类型地质建模方法的分析和筛选,采用序贯指示随机模拟方法,在层序地层格架的基础上建立构造模型,沉积微相模型和相控属性模型,最终建立了完整的长61油藏的三维地质模型,为油田的开发方案和调整方案提供了可靠的地质基础。
Ordos Basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China. And it is one of the primarily discovered and developed basins which is a large petroleum-bearing basins. The reservoir of Yanchang formation of Upper Triassic in Ordos Basin is well known as low porosity, low permeability, and extra-low permeability. In recent years, during the development of low permeability reservoir, there are many high quality reservoir been discovered. This study takes modern sedimentation theory and sequence stratigraphy as the guidance, integrates data consisting of core, outcrop, well logging and analysis assay to fine describe the physical property and heterogeneity characteristic of low porosity reservoir. The 3D geological model ,which provide the basis for adjustment of development plan, was built with phase-controlled stochastic modeling method.
This paper takes Chang61 reservoir of Majiashan-Baoziwan well field as study object, and determine the sedimentary facies type of this region been the front-delta deposition according to elaborate observation of core and outcrop. The sequence-stratigraphy framework was been built by depositional cycles comparison, lithofacies thickness method and marker bed control. The sedimentary distribution and evolution law of the sequence-stratigraphy framework are revealed through the analysis of core facies and well logging facies.With study about four-relationship, taking test oil result and geological parameter from core data as the basis to build logging interpretation model which under control of geological condition, and evaluation criteria of hydrocarbon and water, the lower limit standard of effective pay thickness. With these study above, we provide integrated interpretation and multi-well evaluation for 47 wells in this region, and provide detailed study for Chang61 reservoir’s microscopic characteristic with multiple analysis for the assay data. The result shows that the pore structure of this reservoir is mainly consisting of fine pore and minute throats. The reservoir get serious heterogeneity characteristic in layer, so the heterogeneity characteristic and interbed distribution are mainly under control of sedimentary micro-facies and base level cycle.For this situation, we should choose representational packing coefficient, formation coefficient and flow zone index as basis to divide the reservoir into three types. The reservoir with higher quality distribute on underwater distributary channel of main facies and main production layer of study area with better physical properties and connectivity.
Based on comprehensive geological study, with analyzing and selecting for multiple modeling methods, adopt sequential indicator stochastic simulation to build structure model, micro-facies model and phase-controlled attribute model on the basis of sequence stratigraphic framework. The complete 3D geological model is built finally, and it could provide geological basis for development plan and adjustment plan of oil field
引文
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[22]宋凯,吕剑文.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):59~66
[23]杨承运.陕甘宁盆地中生界三叠系延长组主要油层段沉积特征和沉积微相研究[M].北京:北京大学地质学系,1997
[24]赵澄林,刘孟慧.东濮凹陷下第三系碎屑岩沉积体系与成岩作用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992
[25]李阳.河道砂储层非均质模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.2
[26]陈钢花.陕甘宁盆地三叠系延长组测井-沉积微相研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002,16(1):55~58
[27]丁次乾.矿场地球物理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1992
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[30]孙梦茹,周建林,崔文富,等.胜坨油田精细地质研究[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2004,138~140
[31]谭成仟,孙渊.应用地球物理基础教程(下)[M].西安:陕西人民教育出版社,2003,401~427
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[33]窦之林,赵翰卿,彭仕宓.储层流动单元研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,10
[34]张吉,张烈辉,冯国庆,等.储层流动单元成因及其影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(2):15~20
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[37]吕晓光,王德发,姜洪福.储层地质模型及随机建模技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(1): 10～16
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[2]李江涛.鄂尔多斯盆地多种能源矿产共存富集组合形式研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2002,1~11
[3]裘亦楠,贾爱林.储层地质模型10年[J].石油学报,2000,21(4):101~104
[4]胡向阳,熊琦华.储层建模方法研究进展[J].石油大学学报,2001,25(1):107~112
[5]陈建阳,于兴河,张志杰等.储层地质建模在油藏描述中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(3):17～19
[6]贾爱林,肖敬修.油藏评价阶段建立地质模型的技术与方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.8
[7]穆立华.层序地层学在柳赞油田开发地质建模中的应用[J].2001年全国沉积学大会摘要论文集[C],2001,393~397
[8]李军,郝天珧.油气储层随机模拟方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):458～46
[9]吕晓光,王德发,姜洪福.储层地质模型及随机建模技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(1):10~14
[10]王晖,赵建辉.油田开发方案设计阶段储集层地质模型的建立[J].石油勘探与开发,2001, 28(3):83~85
[11]焦养泉,李思田.陆相盆地露头储层地质建模研究与概念体系[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(4):346~352
[12]何自新等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.10
[13]刘池洋,赵红格,谭成仟等.多种能源矿产赋存与盆地成藏(矿)系统[J].石油与天然气地质, 2006, 27(2): 131～142
[14]宋国初,李克勤.陕甘宁盆地大油田形成与分布[A].见:张文昭主编,中国陆相大油田[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1997
[15]杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[16]韩永林等.鄂尔多斯盆地中南部三叠系延长组至侏罗系延安组地层对比报告[R].长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院,1997
[17]宋万超,刘波,宋新民.层序地层学概念、原理、方法及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,222~214
[18]刘波.基准面旋回与沉积旋回的对比方法探讨[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):113~118
[19]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003
[20]李文厚等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组主要油层组沉积相研究[R].长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院,西北大学地质系,1999
[21]魏斌,魏红红.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组物源分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2003,33(4):447~450
[22]宋凯,吕剑文.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):59~66
[23]杨承运.陕甘宁盆地中生界三叠系延长组主要油层段沉积特征和沉积微相研究[M].北京:北京大学地质学系,1997
[24]赵澄林,刘孟慧.东濮凹陷下第三系碎屑岩沉积体系与成岩作用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992
[25]李阳.河道砂储层非均质模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.2
[26]陈钢花.陕甘宁盆地三叠系延长组测井-沉积微相研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002,16(1):55~58
[27]丁次乾.矿场地球物理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1992
[28]雍世和,张超谟,高楚桥,等.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1996,32~97
[29]杜奉屏.油矿地球物理测井[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984
[30]孙梦茹,周建林,崔文富,等.胜坨油田精细地质研究[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2004,138~140
[31]谭成仟,孙渊.应用地球物理基础教程(下)[M].西安:陕西人民教育出版社,2003,401~427
[32]李道品.低渗透砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997,9~12
[33]窦之林,赵翰卿,彭仕宓.储层流动单元研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,10
[34]张吉,张烈辉,冯国庆,等.储层流动单元成因及其影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(2):15~20
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