Web技术下的三维模型库及网络展台的设计与研究
|
摘要
随着Web技术在计算机CAD技术中的不断应用和发展，网络CAD技术已成为现代CAD技术发展的一个方向。而伴随网络CAD技术的发展和企业对CAD技术要求的不断提高，智能化、经济性、并行性、集成化和精确性已成为CAD技术新的发展趋势。同时，针对目前企业产品大多数属于标准件或可以通过变形设计得到的通用件的现状，为提高工作效率，缩小产品研发的生命周期，网络技术成为企业解决上述问题的一种有效途径：通过建立网络化的零件库系统，将零件标准件和企业专用件存入系统，使企业全局范围内能够共享和利用三维零件模型库资源，成为目前网络CAD技术的一个热点。
目前，协同工作成为CAD发展的一个趋势：企业间共享资源，利用网络技术对某零部件产品进行协同设计，可以大大地提高企业的工作效率、增强市场竞争力。
本文在分析国内外发展现状后，提出建立一个网络化的三维零件库系统及展台的设计思想，并在此基础上搭建了一个供用户间交流的平台，实现资源的共享及相关用户间的协同工作；利用三维建模软件Pro/ENGINEER实现产品建模、ASP技术作为网站开发环境，利用数据库技术和Web三维技术构建了一个基于Web的三维模型库系统及展台；通过该系统的技术论坛，用户可以对本系统提出更改建议，也可以在此交流技术问题；采用NetMeeting作为用户之间网络视频电话会议的工具，用户通过共享零件模型、传送文件、使用白板、聊天等方式来实现协同工作。
本文说明了系统的设计步骤和方案，详细介绍了在系统研究和设计过程中用到的各种相关技术。从系统的整体构建出发，分别在系统的设计、结构、实现和运行方面作了介绍，同时对数据库表的设计和系统的安全性也作了相关的说明。在本系统中，用树状结构显示模型问的联系和类型，通过VRML的三维浏览插件察看模型的三维效果，另外还可以查看零件的相关参数，实现本地下载模型。搭建了一个协同工作的平台，通过提供的协同工具来实现协同工作。
Along with Web technology more application and development in the computer-aided design technology, network CAD technology has become one direction for the modern CAD technology. With the network CAD technology development and the enterprises' high requirement, intellectualization, efficiency, concurrency, integration and accuracy become the new trend of development for CAD technology. At the same time, with regard to enterprises' product chiefly belonging to the standard parts or the approximately standard part which can be obtained by deforming design, network technology become one effective method to solve the above question for enterprises in order to enhance the working efficiency, reduces the product life cycle. By the establishment of network part-base system, which stores the standard parts and enterprises' special parts and causes three-dimensional model base resources sharing in the whole enterprise, it becomes a hot spot of network CAD.
At the present time, concurrent work becomes the development tendency for CAD technology: resource sharing between various enterprises. Concurrent design of some product by network, which can enhance enterprises' efficiency and market competitive power.
After domestic and foreign development of present situation has been analyzed in this dissertation, one network three-dimensional part-base system and exhibition platform may be proposed and established, and the platform for users' exchange between them is built on this foundation, which is useful to share resources and the correlative users' collaborative work. Pro/ENGINEER is used to realize product modeling and ASP technology is taken for the website development environment. The data base technology and Web three-dimensional technology is used to set up one three-dimensional model base system and exhibition platform based on the Web. By the technical forum in the system, users can use this forum to propose suggestion about this system and exchange technical question between them. NetMeeting is taken for network video teleconference tool among users, where users can share part model, transmit document, use chat and so on to realize collaborative work.
The dissertation explains the system design procedure and plan, and introduces in detail related technology used in the system research and design process. Under the system whole construction, the system design, structure, realization and the implantation aspect is separately introduced, and the database table design and system security is also explained. In this system, tree structure is used to demonstrate relationship and type between models, and through VRML three-dimensional effect of model is examined through three-dimensional browsing plug-in of VRML, and the related parameter of part may also be examined, and local model download can be realized. One collaborative work platform is built, where the collaborative work is realized by the supplied collaborative tool.
目前，协同工作成为CAD发展的一个趋势：企业间共享资源，利用网络技术对某零部件产品进行协同设计，可以大大地提高企业的工作效率、增强市场竞争力。
本文在分析国内外发展现状后，提出建立一个网络化的三维零件库系统及展台的设计思想，并在此基础上搭建了一个供用户间交流的平台，实现资源的共享及相关用户间的协同工作；利用三维建模软件Pro/ENGINEER实现产品建模、ASP技术作为网站开发环境，利用数据库技术和Web三维技术构建了一个基于Web的三维模型库系统及展台；通过该系统的技术论坛，用户可以对本系统提出更改建议，也可以在此交流技术问题；采用NetMeeting作为用户之间网络视频电话会议的工具，用户通过共享零件模型、传送文件、使用白板、聊天等方式来实现协同工作。
本文说明了系统的设计步骤和方案，详细介绍了在系统研究和设计过程中用到的各种相关技术。从系统的整体构建出发，分别在系统的设计、结构、实现和运行方面作了介绍，同时对数据库表的设计和系统的安全性也作了相关的说明。在本系统中，用树状结构显示模型问的联系和类型，通过VRML的三维浏览插件察看模型的三维效果，另外还可以查看零件的相关参数，实现本地下载模型。搭建了一个协同工作的平台，通过提供的协同工具来实现协同工作。
Along with Web technology more application and development in the computer-aided design technology, network CAD technology has become one direction for the modern CAD technology. With the network CAD technology development and the enterprises' high requirement, intellectualization, efficiency, concurrency, integration and accuracy become the new trend of development for CAD technology. At the same time, with regard to enterprises' product chiefly belonging to the standard parts or the approximately standard part which can be obtained by deforming design, network technology become one effective method to solve the above question for enterprises in order to enhance the working efficiency, reduces the product life cycle. By the establishment of network part-base system, which stores the standard parts and enterprises' special parts and causes three-dimensional model base resources sharing in the whole enterprise, it becomes a hot spot of network CAD.
At the present time, concurrent work becomes the development tendency for CAD technology: resource sharing between various enterprises. Concurrent design of some product by network, which can enhance enterprises' efficiency and market competitive power.
After domestic and foreign development of present situation has been analyzed in this dissertation, one network three-dimensional part-base system and exhibition platform may be proposed and established, and the platform for users' exchange between them is built on this foundation, which is useful to share resources and the correlative users' collaborative work. Pro/ENGINEER is used to realize product modeling and ASP technology is taken for the website development environment. The data base technology and Web three-dimensional technology is used to set up one three-dimensional model base system and exhibition platform based on the Web. By the technical forum in the system, users can use this forum to propose suggestion about this system and exchange technical question between them. NetMeeting is taken for network video teleconference tool among users, where users can share part model, transmit document, use chat and so on to realize collaborative work.
The dissertation explains the system design procedure and plan, and introduces in detail related technology used in the system research and design process. Under the system whole construction, the system design, structure, realization and the implantation aspect is separately introduced, and the database table design and system security is also explained. In this system, tree structure is used to demonstrate relationship and type between models, and through VRML three-dimensional effect of model is examined through three-dimensional browsing plug-in of VRML, and the related parameter of part may also be examined, and local model download can be realized. One collaborative work platform is built, where the collaborative work is realized by the supplied collaborative tool.
引文
1．魏宝刚，潘云鹤．协同设计技术的研究[M]，中国机械工程，1994，4(1)：454-457．
2. Grudin J., Computer-supported cooperative work: history and focus. Computer, 1994 (27): 19-26.
3. http://www.opticsky.net/article.asp?id=1067.
4．王文娟，吕武，林福严．CAD技术发展趋势与机械制造企业对策[J]，CAD／CAM制造业信息化，2005(5)：15-18．
5．王辰永．基于Web的零件库系统的设计[J]，机电工程技术，2004，33(6)：46-48．
6．苏宝华，祁国宁．零件库的基本原理及其在产品设计中的应用[J]．工程设计，1998(4)：30-34．
7．解学科．可参数化网络三维零件库的研制与开发[J]，内江科技2005年第3期：57&74．
8．朱剑飞．网络环境下三维模型的协同浏览、查询和批注技术研究[D]，西安：西北工业大学硕士学位论文，2003．6．
9．祁连，战洪飞，顾新建等．基于Internet／Intranet企业建模系统开发工具的选择与应用[J]，计算机集成制造系统，2000，6(1)：60-64．
10．汪海志．基于IntraWeb的SolidWorks标准件库图文信息系统[D]，武汉：武汉理工大学硕士学位论文，2004．3．
11. Core M R and Stube J W. Computers and Information Systems [M], McGraw-Hill Book Company, 2000.
12．ASP的定价模式和商业模式，http://www.e-works.net.cn.
13．李俊勇，吴磊，陈新度，庄林园，何波．基于ASP模式的3D展示平台研究[J]，计算机应用研究，2006(3)：196-198．
14．吴访升．家具3D虚拟展示与定制分布式原型系统[J]，计算机应用，2003，23(3)：78-80．
15．周祖德，盛步云．数字化协同与网络交互设计[M]，北京：科学出版社，2005．1．
16．史美林．计算机支持的协同工作：概念、技术、应用[M]，北京：电子工业出版社，1998．
17．刘跃国．Web技术[M]，北京：人民交通出版社，2004．8．
18．裴有福．Web技术基础[M]，北京：中国水利水电出版社，1998．9．
19．高晗编．Web数据库技术[M]，北京：中国水利水电出版社，2003．8．
20. http://www.jlunwen.com/021_1.htm.
21．齐文海．ASP与SQL SERVER站点开发实用教程[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2005．7．
22．郑阿奇，刘启芬，顾韵华．SQL SERVER实用教程[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2002．8．
23. Choon Seong Leem, Hong Joo Lee. Development of Certification and Audit Processes of Application Service Provider for IT Outsourcing [J], Technovation, 2004 (24) : 64-67.
24．龙马工作室．中文版Dreamweaver MX 2004基础培训教程[M]，北京：人民邮电出版社，2005．2．
25. Duan W.,Zhou J., Lai K.FSMT: a Feature Solid-Modeling Tool for Feature based Design and Manufacture[J], Computer assisted design, 1993 (1) : 29-38.
26．刘锡锋，董黎敏．机械CAD-Pro／E应用及开发[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2003．3．
27. http://www.3dlive.cn/web3d/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=333.
28. Duska Rosenerg,, Chris Hutchison, Eds. Design issues in CSCW [M], Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
29．傅川，金烨，倪国龙．基于WEB的异地集成协同环境的设计与实现[J]，机械设计与制造，2003(2)：23-25．
30．严峻，张新元，黄瑞．利用NetMeeting实现局域网协同工作[J]，电脑开发与应用，2004，17(1)：40-41．
31. J ung H, Yang H S. Window capturing based application sharing under heterogeneous window systems [J], Computer & Graphics, 1998, 22 (3) : 243-254.
32. Microsoft MSDN, 2003.
33．宋国龙．浅谈即时通信软件的开发技术[J]，山西电子技术，2003(2)：13-15．
34. http://baike.machine365.com/ali_baike/arts/070203/24/174062_2.html
35．曾文萱．基于Web技术的三维模型库系统的设计与开发[D]，合肥工业大学硕士学位论文，2005．5．
36．江宇平．网络化制造电子服务理论与技术[M]，北京：科学出版社，2004．10．
37．廖爱国，丁志强，李光耀．基于Web的零件库系统研发[J]，机械工程师，2005(10)：76-78．
38. Wolfgang Broll, Tanja Koop. VRML: today and tomorrow [M], Computer Graphics, 1996, 20 (3) : 427-430.
39. http://www2.ccw.com.cn/1998/42/171792.shtml
40. Toye G, Cutkosky M R. Leifer L F et al. SHARE: a methodology and environment for collaborative product development [J], The International Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information System, 1994, 3 (2) : 129-153.
41．侯彦丽．北方PDM系统地研制开发[D]，北京：北方工业大学硕士学位论文，2004．5．
42. http://www.geocities.com/Paris/LeftBank/2178/.
43．赛奎春．ASP工程应用与项目实践[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2005．4．
44. Naoki Watanabe, Yuminbu Igarashi. Applying a 3-D-GUI to a distributed network management system [J], IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2000, 18 (5): 715-722.
45. Jan-Torsten Milde, Bernhard Jung. Educational USE of VRML and Java in agent-based AI and computer graphics [J], Future Generation Computer Systems, 2000, 17 (1) : 79-87.
46. Herbert Baerten, Frank Van Reeth. Using VRML and JAVA to visualize 3D algorithms in Computer Networks and ISDN Systems [J], 1998, 30 (20) : 1833-1839.
47. http://www.aspxuexi.com/ado/2007-1-12/ADO_Stream.htm.
48．缪燕，尹佑盛．在局域网上用NetMeeting进行协同设计[J]，机械与电子，1999(6)：41-43．
49．汤文．畅游Internet实用培训教程[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2000．9．
50．林翔．基于多层结构的管理信息系统的实现[D]，广州：广东工业大学硕士学位论文，2004．5．
51．周彦萍，刘淑玲，石国生等．应用软件和数据安全性设计[J]，河北省科学院学报，2003．20(4)：209-212．
52. http://netsecurity.51cto.com/art/200508/1995.htm.
53. http://blog.csdn.net/afxid/archive/2006/09/20/1253332.aspx.
54. Ives Z G, Halevy A Y, Weld D S. An XML Query Engine for Network-Bound Data. VLDB Journal [J], Special Issue on XML Data Management, 2003.
55．顾寄南．网络化制造技术[M]，北京：化学工业出版社，2004．8．
56．熊光愣．并行工程的理论与实践[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2001．5．
57. Smith C S, Wright P K. Cybercut: a world wide web based design to fabrication tool [J], Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 1996.1.
58. http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/4a55718d010007t2.
59. Haug, E.; K uhl, J.; Tsai, F. Virtual Prototyping for Mechanical System Concurrent engineering. In: E. J. Haug (ed) , Concurrent Engineering: Tools and Technologies for Mechanical System Design, NATO ASI Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1993, 108 (10) : 851-879.
60. Wagner M G, Hatakeyama A, Visualization of non-precision instrument approaches using VRML, Proceedings of SPIE [J], The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, 3691 (6) : 81-88.
61. Jahn Gonzalo Velez. Overview on VRML applications to architecture [J], Proceedings of SPI-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, 3687 (8) : 214-219.
62. Carson George S, Puk Richard F, Carey Rikk. Developing the VRML 97 International Standard [J], IEEE Computer Graphics acid Applications, 1999, 19 (3) : 52-58.
63．叶琳，邱龙辉．网络商业展示中的虚拟现实技术[J]，包装工程，2002，23(2)：41-43．
2. Grudin J., Computer-supported cooperative work: history and focus. Computer, 1994 (27): 19-26.
3. http://www.opticsky.net/article.asp?id=1067.
4．王文娟，吕武，林福严．CAD技术发展趋势与机械制造企业对策[J]，CAD／CAM制造业信息化，2005(5)：15-18．
5．王辰永．基于Web的零件库系统的设计[J]，机电工程技术，2004，33(6)：46-48．
6．苏宝华，祁国宁．零件库的基本原理及其在产品设计中的应用[J]．工程设计，1998(4)：30-34．
7．解学科．可参数化网络三维零件库的研制与开发[J]，内江科技2005年第3期：57&74．
8．朱剑飞．网络环境下三维模型的协同浏览、查询和批注技术研究[D]，西安：西北工业大学硕士学位论文，2003．6．
9．祁连，战洪飞，顾新建等．基于Internet／Intranet企业建模系统开发工具的选择与应用[J]，计算机集成制造系统，2000，6(1)：60-64．
10．汪海志．基于IntraWeb的SolidWorks标准件库图文信息系统[D]，武汉：武汉理工大学硕士学位论文，2004．3．
11. Core M R and Stube J W. Computers and Information Systems [M], McGraw-Hill Book Company, 2000.
12．ASP的定价模式和商业模式，http://www.e-works.net.cn.
13．李俊勇，吴磊，陈新度，庄林园，何波．基于ASP模式的3D展示平台研究[J]，计算机应用研究，2006(3)：196-198．
14．吴访升．家具3D虚拟展示与定制分布式原型系统[J]，计算机应用，2003，23(3)：78-80．
15．周祖德，盛步云．数字化协同与网络交互设计[M]，北京：科学出版社，2005．1．
16．史美林．计算机支持的协同工作：概念、技术、应用[M]，北京：电子工业出版社，1998．
17．刘跃国．Web技术[M]，北京：人民交通出版社，2004．8．
18．裴有福．Web技术基础[M]，北京：中国水利水电出版社，1998．9．
19．高晗编．Web数据库技术[M]，北京：中国水利水电出版社，2003．8．
20. http://www.jlunwen.com/021_1.htm.
21．齐文海．ASP与SQL SERVER站点开发实用教程[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2005．7．
22．郑阿奇，刘启芬，顾韵华．SQL SERVER实用教程[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2002．8．
23. Choon Seong Leem, Hong Joo Lee. Development of Certification and Audit Processes of Application Service Provider for IT Outsourcing [J], Technovation, 2004 (24) : 64-67.
24．龙马工作室．中文版Dreamweaver MX 2004基础培训教程[M]，北京：人民邮电出版社，2005．2．
25. Duan W.,Zhou J., Lai K.FSMT: a Feature Solid-Modeling Tool for Feature based Design and Manufacture[J], Computer assisted design, 1993 (1) : 29-38.
26．刘锡锋，董黎敏．机械CAD-Pro／E应用及开发[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2003．3．
27. http://www.3dlive.cn/web3d/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=333.
28. Duska Rosenerg,, Chris Hutchison, Eds. Design issues in CSCW [M], Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
29．傅川，金烨，倪国龙．基于WEB的异地集成协同环境的设计与实现[J]，机械设计与制造，2003(2)：23-25．
30．严峻，张新元，黄瑞．利用NetMeeting实现局域网协同工作[J]，电脑开发与应用，2004，17(1)：40-41．
31. J ung H, Yang H S. Window capturing based application sharing under heterogeneous window systems [J], Computer & Graphics, 1998, 22 (3) : 243-254.
32. Microsoft MSDN, 2003.
33．宋国龙．浅谈即时通信软件的开发技术[J]，山西电子技术，2003(2)：13-15．
34. http://baike.machine365.com/ali_baike/arts/070203/24/174062_2.html
35．曾文萱．基于Web技术的三维模型库系统的设计与开发[D]，合肥工业大学硕士学位论文，2005．5．
36．江宇平．网络化制造电子服务理论与技术[M]，北京：科学出版社，2004．10．
37．廖爱国，丁志强，李光耀．基于Web的零件库系统研发[J]，机械工程师，2005(10)：76-78．
38. Wolfgang Broll, Tanja Koop. VRML: today and tomorrow [M], Computer Graphics, 1996, 20 (3) : 427-430.
39. http://www2.ccw.com.cn/1998/42/171792.shtml
40. Toye G, Cutkosky M R. Leifer L F et al. SHARE: a methodology and environment for collaborative product development [J], The International Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information System, 1994, 3 (2) : 129-153.
41．侯彦丽．北方PDM系统地研制开发[D]，北京：北方工业大学硕士学位论文，2004．5．
42. http://www.geocities.com/Paris/LeftBank/2178/.
43．赛奎春．ASP工程应用与项目实践[M]，北京：机械工业出版社，2005．4．
44. Naoki Watanabe, Yuminbu Igarashi. Applying a 3-D-GUI to a distributed network management system [J], IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2000, 18 (5): 715-722.
45. Jan-Torsten Milde, Bernhard Jung. Educational USE of VRML and Java in agent-based AI and computer graphics [J], Future Generation Computer Systems, 2000, 17 (1) : 79-87.
46. Herbert Baerten, Frank Van Reeth. Using VRML and JAVA to visualize 3D algorithms in Computer Networks and ISDN Systems [J], 1998, 30 (20) : 1833-1839.
47. http://www.aspxuexi.com/ado/2007-1-12/ADO_Stream.htm.
48．缪燕，尹佑盛．在局域网上用NetMeeting进行协同设计[J]，机械与电子，1999(6)：41-43．
49．汤文．畅游Internet实用培训教程[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2000．9．
50．林翔．基于多层结构的管理信息系统的实现[D]，广州：广东工业大学硕士学位论文，2004．5．
51．周彦萍，刘淑玲，石国生等．应用软件和数据安全性设计[J]，河北省科学院学报，2003．20(4)：209-212．
52. http://netsecurity.51cto.com/art/200508/1995.htm.
53. http://blog.csdn.net/afxid/archive/2006/09/20/1253332.aspx.
54. Ives Z G, Halevy A Y, Weld D S. An XML Query Engine for Network-Bound Data. VLDB Journal [J], Special Issue on XML Data Management, 2003.
55．顾寄南．网络化制造技术[M]，北京：化学工业出版社，2004．8．
56．熊光愣．并行工程的理论与实践[M]，北京：清华大学出版社，2001．5．
57. Smith C S, Wright P K. Cybercut: a world wide web based design to fabrication tool [J], Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 1996.1.
58. http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/4a55718d010007t2.
59. Haug, E.; K uhl, J.; Tsai, F. Virtual Prototyping for Mechanical System Concurrent engineering. In: E. J. Haug (ed) , Concurrent Engineering: Tools and Technologies for Mechanical System Design, NATO ASI Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1993, 108 (10) : 851-879.
60. Wagner M G, Hatakeyama A, Visualization of non-precision instrument approaches using VRML, Proceedings of SPIE [J], The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, 3691 (6) : 81-88.
61. Jahn Gonzalo Velez. Overview on VRML applications to architecture [J], Proceedings of SPI-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, 3687 (8) : 214-219.
62. Carson George S, Puk Richard F, Carey Rikk. Developing the VRML 97 International Standard [J], IEEE Computer Graphics acid Applications, 1999, 19 (3) : 52-58.
63．叶琳，邱龙辉．网络商业展示中的虚拟现实技术[J]，包装工程，2002，23(2)：41-43．