星载雷达高度计误差分析和定标技术研究
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摘要
星载雷达高度计是海洋遥感中最重要的微波遥感器之一,在科学研究和经济生活等方面都有重要的用途。误差分析是卫星测高的核心问题之一,本文系统分析了星载雷达高度计中的各误差源,尤其是仪器误差和跟踪误差,并对总的测高误差进行了分配。此外,本文还研究了星载雷达高度计在轨定标的一些问题。
本文的创新点有以下方面:
(1)全面分析了星载雷达高度计全系统的仪器误差,尤其是中频和数字电路的误差,得到了有益的结果。
(2)研究了星载雷达高度计的各种回波跟踪算法。分析了分裂门跟踪算法中的误差鉴别曲线和跟踪精度。研究了星载雷达高度计回波间的相关性和去相关方法,推广了回波跟踪算法的适用性。
(3)研究了星载雷达高度计姿态角估计算法,分析了姿态角估计的精度。
(4)分析了星载雷达高度计的加速度滞后偏差,提出了新的补偿算法。
(5)对双频雷达高度计电离层色散效应进行了误差分析。
(6)对星载雷达高度计在轨内定标方案进行了工程设计,并进行了误差分析。
Radar altimeter is one of the most important microwave sensing instruments. Error analysis is one of the key issues in radar altimetry. various kinds of error sources in altimetry is investigated, especially instrument errors and tracking errors. An error budget is then brought out finally. Besides, some issues on altimeter in-orbit calibration are discussed.
The major innovation points are as following:
(1) The instrument errors are analyzed thoroughly, especially those in the IF and digital chains, and some instructive results are given.
(2) Three classes of echo tracker algorithms are investigated, the error discriminative curve is derived in ASG algorithm, and the noise arise from the gate tracker is computed. The correlations of the echoes are investigated, and an approach of decorrelation is derived to extend the applicability of the tracker algorithms.
(3) An algorithm to retrieve the attitude angle is discussed and the accuracy of attitude angle estimation is derived.
(4) The acceleration lag bias in height estimation is derived and an innovative algorithm to compensate the bias is introduced.
(5) The ionospheric dispersion error in dual-frequency altimetry is investigated.
(6) The in-orbit calibration of the altimeter system is considered, some engineering parameters are presented, and the relative errors are analyzed.
本文的创新点有以下方面:
(1)全面分析了星载雷达高度计全系统的仪器误差,尤其是中频和数字电路的误差,得到了有益的结果。
(2)研究了星载雷达高度计的各种回波跟踪算法。分析了分裂门跟踪算法中的误差鉴别曲线和跟踪精度。研究了星载雷达高度计回波间的相关性和去相关方法,推广了回波跟踪算法的适用性。
(3)研究了星载雷达高度计姿态角估计算法,分析了姿态角估计的精度。
(4)分析了星载雷达高度计的加速度滞后偏差,提出了新的补偿算法。
(5)对双频雷达高度计电离层色散效应进行了误差分析。
(6)对星载雷达高度计在轨内定标方案进行了工程设计,并进行了误差分析。
Radar altimeter is one of the most important microwave sensing instruments. Error analysis is one of the key issues in radar altimetry. various kinds of error sources in altimetry is investigated, especially instrument errors and tracking errors. An error budget is then brought out finally. Besides, some issues on altimeter in-orbit calibration are discussed.
The major innovation points are as following:
(1) The instrument errors are analyzed thoroughly, especially those in the IF and digital chains, and some instructive results are given.
(2) Three classes of echo tracker algorithms are investigated, the error discriminative curve is derived in ASG algorithm, and the noise arise from the gate tracker is computed. The correlations of the echoes are investigated, and an approach of decorrelation is derived to extend the applicability of the tracker algorithms.
(3) An algorithm to retrieve the attitude angle is discussed and the accuracy of attitude angle estimation is derived.
(4) The acceleration lag bias in height estimation is derived and an innovative algorithm to compensate the bias is introduced.
(5) The ionospheric dispersion error in dual-frequency altimetry is investigated.
(6) The in-orbit calibration of the altimeter system is considered, some engineering parameters are presented, and the relative errors are analyzed.
引文
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